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Presentations ABDOMINAL X-RAY

An abdominal x-ray (AXR) produces images of the abdominal organs and is commonly used for diagnostic purposes. It can detect issues like bowel obstructions, kidney stones, or foreign bodies. During an AXR, the patient lies down while their abdomen is exposed to a small dose of radiation. This creates x-ray images showing the densities of gas, fluid, soft tissue, bone, and metal in the abdominal cavity. Physicians examine AXRs for abnormalities in organ appearance and positioning, evidence of calcification or free air, and changes compared to previous images. The position and technique used depend on whether an upright standing or supine lying view is needed.

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akash
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31 views

Presentations ABDOMINAL X-RAY

An abdominal x-ray (AXR) produces images of the abdominal organs and is commonly used for diagnostic purposes. It can detect issues like bowel obstructions, kidney stones, or foreign bodies. During an AXR, the patient lies down while their abdomen is exposed to a small dose of radiation. This creates x-ray images showing the densities of gas, fluid, soft tissue, bone, and metal in the abdominal cavity. Physicians examine AXRs for abnormalities in organ appearance and positioning, evidence of calcification or free air, and changes compared to previous images. The position and technique used depend on whether an upright standing or supine lying view is needed.

Uploaded by

akash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abdominal X-ray with or

without contrast

AKASH YADAV
What is abdominal x-ray?
An x-ray (radiograph) is a noninvasive medical test that
helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions.
Imaging with x-rays involves exposing a part of the body to
a small dose of ionizing radiation to produce pictures of the
inside of the body. X-rays are the oldest and most
frequently used form of medical imaging.
Abdominal x-ray is a commonly performed diagnostic x-ray
examination that produces images of the organs in the
abdominal cavity including the stomach, liver, intestines
and spleen.
When an abdominal x-ray is performed to provide pictures
of the kidneys, ureters and bladder, it's called a KUB x-ray.
Common questions accompanying requests
for an abdominal X-ray (AXR):
• Intraperitoneal free air?
• Widened intestinal loops?
• Kidney stones/ureteral stones/bladder
stones?
• Foreign body?
• Position of gastric tube/duodenal
tube?
Indications :-
• Bowel obstruction
• Perforation
• Renal pathology
• Acute abdomen
• Foreign body localization
• Toxic megacolon
• Aortic aneurysm
• Control or preliminary films for contrast studies
• Detection of calcification or abnormal gas collection
Positions & Techniques :-
• Standing
• Supine
• Lateral
• Technique for supine AP (anterior-
posterior) image
• Technique for standing AP (anterior-
posterior) image
• Technique for lateral image lying on the
left side
Basic densities on x rays:

• Gas :Black
• Fat :Dark grey
• Soft tissue/fluid :Light grey
• Bone/calcification :White
• Metal :Intense
white
• X-ray densities(whiteness)
Normal Anatomy
1, 11th rib.
2, Vertebral body (TH
12).
3, Gas in stomach.
4, Gas in colon (splenic
flexure).
5, Gas in
transverse colon.
6, Gas in sigmoid.
7, Sacrum.
8, Sacroiliac joint.
9, Femoral head.
10, Gas in
cecum 11, Iliac
crest.
12, Gas in colon
(hepatic
flexure).
13, Psoas
margin.
• Normal ossal structures on a supine AP image.
Left Lateral image :-
Checklist:
• The following points may be used as a guide
to assess an AXR.
1. Technique: is this a standing or supine
image?
2. Are the psoas muscle contours visible? (If not,
caution: pathology)
3. Try to trace the liver/kidney/spleen contours.
4. Are there calcifications or radio-opaque
structures?
1. Determine the position of the stomach, small
intestinal loops and colonic loops. Is the
distribution of intestinal gas normal? Dilated
intestinal loops?
2. Evidence of free air?
3. Examine the skeletal system. Are there
fractures, cortex interruptions, ossal lesions?
4. Changes versus previous examinations?
THANK YOU

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