LEPTIN AND GHRELIN IN
OBESITY
Б.Отгонбат АНА-304
Хоосон
ходоод
агшина
Глюкозын
хэмжээ
буурна
Хоол дутагдах
Дулаан
үүсэлт
багасна
Өөх тосны
солилцоо
өөрчлөгдөнө
Ходоодны
Хоол хүлээн авна механорецептор
цочирно
Төвийн глюко,
термо, липо,
Жажлах
рецепторууд
цочирно
Гипоталамусд
Ам хамар залгиур хоолойн
мэдээлэл
рецепторууд цочирно
боловсруулагдана.
GHRELIN: THE HUNGER HORMONE
"Ghrelin is the primary and most powerful hunger-
stimulating hormone," Nolan Cohn says. "It's
secreted mainly from the stomach lining and travels
through the blood to your brain, signaling that it's
time to eat." Ghrelin was discovered in 1999, and
has other functions beyond hunger stimulation that
are still being investigated.
Eating at regular intervals—breakfast, lunch,
afternoon snack, and dinner—is in sync with
this cycle, but after overnight fasting ghrelin
levels are increased. Ghrelin levels rise
approximately two-fold immediately before
a meal, and then decrease to their lowest
levels about one hour after a meal
Although one might think that ghrelin levels are
higher in an obese person, thus driving more hunger,
the opposite is true. Human studies have found that
ghrelin levels actually are lower in the obese, but
they're more sensitive to its appetite-stimulating
effects. However, in people with a genetic disorder
leading to obesity, Prader-Willi syndrome,
circulating levels of ghrelin are very high, thus
driving excessive hunger and extreme overeating.
ACTIONS OF GHRELIN
• It regulates the blood glucose levels through reduced insulin secretion and by
regulating the synthesis and breakdown of glucose and glycogen
• It reduces heat production to conserve energy
• It reduces sympathetic activity
• It promotes the differentiation and fusion of muscle fibers
• Triggers hunger
• increases gastric motility
• induces fat production
• stimulates NPY production
• decreases insulin secretion
LEPTIN: A SATIETY HORMONE
"In the past 20 years, we've learned a lot about
hunger and satiety hormones," says Scott Isaacs,
MD, a board-certified endocrinologist in Atlanta and
author of Beat Overeating Now! "The first one was
leptin, which was discovered in 1994." Since then,
many other hormones that impact hunger, appetite,
cravings, and weight have been discovered. (See
Roles of Major Brain and Gut Hormones in Appetite
Regulation sidebar.)
"Leptin is a hormone that's produced by fat cells, and it
works to suppress appetite in the brain," Isaacs explains.
"We used to think a fat cell was an inert storage depot
for excess fat, insulating the body. But now we know
that fat is an endocrine organ, that is, a gland that
produces hormones. Leptin is just one of the hormones
produced by fat cells." The amount of leptin circulating
in a person is proportional to the amount of body fat and
indicates how much energy stores a person has.
ЛЕПТИН МЭДРЭГ ЧАНАР НЭМЭГДҮҮЛЭХ
Лептин дааврын мэдрэг чанар нэмэгдүүлэхэд үр дүнтэй идэвхтэй
хөдөлгөөн болоод идээ ундаа гэж байна. Аэроб дасгал хөдөлгөөн
буюу биед хүчилтөрөгч ихээр шаарддаг дасгал тогтмол хийх нь
лептин мэдрэг чанарыг сайжруулж байнга идэх дуршил дарагддаг
байна. Аэроб дасгалд агаарт гүйх, дугуй унах, ууланд алхах, усанд
сэлэх, 108 сунаж мөргөх, боксын дасгал, өндөр ачаалалтай
интервалтай дасгал буюу Табата дасгал орох юм. Харин хоолны
дуршил бууруулах идээ ундаанд загасны тос (Омега 3), овьёос, тараг
тохиромжтой.
СТРЕССИЙН ДААВАР КОРТИЗОЛ БУУРУУЛАХ
Кортизолын дааврыг хэмжээнд нь барьж байдаг даавар
бол эндорфин. Эндорфин нь идэвхтэй дасгалыг 30
минутаас дээш хугацаанд хийхэд ялгардаг байна.
Иймд дасгал хийж кортизолоо хэвийн хэмжээнд барих
нь байна. Үүнээс гадна бясалгал, төвлөрөл, амьсгалын
дасгал хийж дадуулснаар кортизолыг их хэмжээгээр
ялгаруулахгүйгээр барьж чаддаг болох нь байна.
АНХААРАЛ ХАНДУУЛСАНД
БАЯРЛАЛАА.
