Scribd
Upload
83 views

Visual Impairment

This document defines and describes visual impairment. It discusses the three main types - low visual acuity, blindness, and legal blindness. Low vision refers to significant impairment that cannot be fully corrected. Blindness is a lack of vision that cannot be corrected. The document also outlines three levels of visual impairment from mild to severe and lists common symptoms. Characteristics of the visually impaired are discussed, including physical, intellectual, social and emotional traits. Finally, the main causes of visual impairment are presented, such as congenital issues, infections, accidents, and hereditary factors. Visual acuity is tested using the Snellen chart to measure acuity levels compared to normal vision.

Uploaded by

IsrahIzabelPairaAdarna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
83 views

Visual Impairment

This document defines and describes visual impairment. It discusses the three main types - low visual acuity, blindness, and legal blindness. Low vision refers to significant impairment that cannot be fully corrected. Blindness is a lack of vision that cannot be corrected. The document also outlines three levels of visual impairment from mild to severe and lists common symptoms. Characteristics of the visually impaired are discussed, including physical, intellectual, social and emotional traits. Finally, the main causes of visual impairment are presented, such as congenital issues, infections, accidents, and hereditary factors. Visual acuity is tested using the Snellen chart to measure acuity levels compared to normal vision.

Uploaded by

IsrahIzabelPairaAdarna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

(V.I)
What is vision impairment?
A vision impairment refers to
when you lose part or all of your
ability to see (or vision). The
impairment must persist even
with the use of eyeglasses,
contact lenses, medication, or
surgery.
THREE TYPES OF VISUAL
IMPAIRMENT

• Low Visual Acuity


• Blindness
• Legal Blindness
Low vision is the term used to describe
significant visual impairment that can't be
corrected fully with glasses, contact lenses,
medication or eye surgery. It includes: Loss of.
best-corrected visual acuity. (BVCA) to worse
than 20/70 in the better eye.
Blindness is a lack of vision. It may also
refer to a loss of vision that cannot be
corrected with glasses or contact lenses. 
Levels of Visual Impairment

1.Mild Visual Impairement

 Can read relatively larger


characters
 No difficulty in identifying
shapes, colours and brightness
contracts
2. Moderate Visual Impairment

 Can tell shapes and colours of


objects and can distinguish between
brightness and darkness.
Can only read characters with larger
size and broader strokes.
3. Severe Visual Impairment

Can only distinguish more


obvious changes in brightness and
darkness.
May not see anything
(completely blind.)
Symptoms of Visual Impairment
• Daily Activities
Squinting to get an object in focus, Trouble
locating familiar environment, wearing
mismatched clothing.

• Mobility
Leaning against the wall when waling,
Running into objects, difficulty walking on
uneven surfaces.
• Eating and Drinking
Difficulty food onto a utensil and serving
from a platter frequently spilling food

• Reading/Writing
Difficulty writing on the lines of a piece of
paper, frequent complaining that the
lighting is inadequate for reading or writing
CHARACTERISTICS OF
VISUALLY IMPAIRED
PHYSICAL

Poor posture and unnatural


gait
Presence of abnormality in the
area of the eyes
Restriction in mobility
INTELLECTUAL LEARNING

The intellectual development of


the VI is the same as of the
sighted.
May retard mental growth and
development
VI children begin to talk later
than the sighted
In arithmetic, spelling and general
information, blind children are
retarded educationally

The VI who have the talent and


interest in music may show
exceptional ability in these area
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL

The VI is stereotyped as:


Extremely dependent
Inferior
Fearful
Unduly sensitive
Easily discouraged
Self Conscious
Easily Embarrass
Exhibit brief and superficial self-
criticism
Develops emotional problem not
as a result of the visual handicap
but as a response to the attitude of
others toward him
CAUSES OF
VISUAL
IMPAIRMENT
PRENATAL CAUSE

Congenital
-Coloboma
-Retinis Pigmentosa
-Diabetic Retinophaty
-Improper functioning of the muscles of
• Strabismus (crosseyedness)
• Nystagmus (rapid involuntary move the eyes)

Infectious Disease
-Rubella
-Syphilis
-Gonorrhea
POSTNATAL CAUSE

Retrolental Fibroplasia
Glaucoma
Cataract
Result of the error of refraction
-Myopia
-Hyperopia
-Astigmatism
ACCIDENT

Eye injury caused by pointed objects,


scissors, pencil and other sharp objects
Overexposure to
-Sunlight
-Eclipses
-Reflection of snow
-Intense flash of electricity/short circuit
OTHER CAUSES

Heredity
Premature birth
Malnutrition
Eye infections
The Snellen Chart is used to test visual acuity. Your visual acuity is
calculated using two numbers. The first number is the distance between
the person reading the chart and the chart. The second number is the
distance that a person with normal vision would have to stand from an
object to see what you did at 20 feet. For example, a visual acuity of 20/80
means that you can read the chart from 20 feet away as well as a person
who could read the chart from 80 feet away. In other words, what a person
with normal vision would see from 80 feet away, you can't see until you
move closer to only 20 feet away. This image shows the crossover between
the eyes in order to create the visual fields.

You might also like