Scribd
Upload
32 views

Arrays Chapter#04: Bs Computer Science University of Swat

Arrays allow storing and accessing a collection of data elements of the same type. There are two types of arrays: one-dimensional arrays which store elements in a single row or column, and multi-dimensional arrays which can store elements across multiple rows and columns. Elements in an array are accessed via an index with the array name and square brackets. Arrays can be initialized by assigning values to elements when declaring the array.

Uploaded by

dangerman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views

Arrays Chapter#04: Bs Computer Science University of Swat

Arrays allow storing and accessing a collection of data elements of the same type. There are two types of arrays: one-dimensional arrays which store elements in a single row or column, and multi-dimensional arrays which can store elements across multiple rows and columns. Elements in an array are accessed via an index with the array name and square brackets. Arrays can be initialized by assigning values to elements when declaring the array.

Uploaded by

dangerman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

ARRAYS

CHAPTER#04
BS COMPUTER SCIENCE
UNIVERSITY OF SWAT
ARRAYS
• Array is a sequence of objects of same data
type.
• The objects in an array are also called
elements of the array.
• Represented in the computer memory by a
consecutive group of storage locations.
• Referenced by a single variable called array
name.
• Each element is referenced by its position in the
array.
• The position of an element in an array an index
value or subscript.

• In an array with n elements, the index values are


0,1,2,…,n-1.
• 0 represent the index value of first element and so
on and n-1 represent the index value of last element.
?How elements of array is accessed

• An element of an array is accessed by its


subscript value. The index or subscript value is
written inside a pair of square brackets [ ] with
the name of the array.
?For which purpose array is used
• Array is used to process a large amount of data
of same data type. The data is stored in an
array.
• The array is accessed by a single variable name.
The index values are used to access individual
elements of the array.
• As few statements are used to process data in
an array, so the use of array in a program
reduce size of the program.
:Types of array
• The are two types:
• 1.One-dimensional array
• 2.Multidimensional array
One-dimensional array
• Also known as a list or linear array.
• Consists of only one column or one row.
• E.g., array
2

• array[0] 6

• array[1] ---

• . ---

• . 18

• array[4]
• The above array contain real type data.
• It has five elements
• The first element is array[0] that is in position
0 and the last element is array[4] that is in
position 5-1=4.
:Declaring one-dimensional array
• Defining the name of the array, its type and
the total number of elements of the array is
called declaring of the array.
• Syntax:
• type array-name[n];
• Where ‘n’ is an unsigned integer value,
represent the total number of elements of the
array.
• E.g.,
• double temp[24];
• int abc[5];
• char name[15];
• etc
•
:Accessing data in one-dimensional array

• Each element of an array is referenced by its


index.
• In an array of n elements, each element has
an index value.
• The index of the first element is 0 and so on
and index of the last element is n-1.
:Input/Output data in one-dimensional array

• Data is entered in an array using the input


statement “cin” or “assignment” statements.
• It is entered into individual elements of the
array .
• Separate input statement is used to enter data
into each element of the array.
• Similarly to print the data the output
statements are used. The data from each
individual element of the array is accessed.
• As similar input/output statement is used to
access data in each element of the array, so
the statement is written only once and a loop
structure is used to repeat the input/output
statement to access data of the element of
the array.
• Note : See examples(4.01—4.06)
:Initializing one-dimensional array
• The assigning of values to the elements of the
array at the time of its declaration is called
initializing of the array.
• E.g.,
• double temp[4]={66.3, 23.2, 88.5, 45.6};
• Note: See examples(4.07—4.09)
:Multi-dimensional array
• A multi-dimensional array is an array of more
than one array.
• Two-dimensional array consists of columns and
rows.
• The index value of two-dimensional array
consists of two subscripts.
• One subscript represents the rows number and
the second subscript represents the column
number.
:Declaration of two-dimensional array

• A two dimensional array is declared by giving


two indexed values enclosed in square
brackets.
• Syntax:
• type array-name[r][c];
• e.g., int abc[5][3];
:Accessing data in two-dimensional array

• Data is entered into individual elements of a


two-dimensional array.
• To enter data, the element is referenced by its
index or subscript value.
• Similarly, data is retrieved from an array from
individual elements of the array.
• Note: See examples(4.15 & 4.16)
:Initializing Tables
• Assigning values to the elements of a table at
the time of its declaration is called initializing
of the table.
• e.g.,
• int abc[2][3]={{3,4,5}{6,7,3}{2,8,9}};

• See example 4.17


:Initializing character type tables
• The values in a table of “char” type is also
assigned in the same way as in int, float or
double type tables.
• e.g., char st[5][3]= {{‘a’, ‘x’, ‘y’},
• {‘p’, ’e’, ’t’},
• {‘p’, ‘a’, ‘k’},
• {‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’},
• {‘3’, ‘1’, ‘6’}};
• Also:
• char st[5][4]={“axy”, “pet”, “pak”, “abc”,
• “316”};

• See example 4.18

• Here variable “st” can be treated as a string array. It has


the capacity to store five strings each of 3 characters
including null characters.
• Thus only two characters can be stored in
each string and the null character is
automatically inserted at the end.

• ( END OF CHAPTER 04 )

You might also like