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Continental Learning Lab: August 2014

The document discusses functional testing, including defining it, examples of it, basic methods for performing it like testing valid and invalid inputs, and advantages and disadvantages. Functional testing involves identifying functions, creating test cases, executing them, and comparing actual and expected outputs.

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Ana Maria
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51 views

Continental Learning Lab: August 2014

The document discusses functional testing, including defining it, examples of it, basic methods for performing it like testing valid and invalid inputs, and advantages and disadvantages. Functional testing involves identifying functions, creating test cases, executing them, and comparing actual and expected outputs.

Uploaded by

Ana Maria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Continental Learning Lab

August 2014

Interior Infotaiment and Connectivity R&D Romania


Table of contents

1Test Levels
2Functional testing

Interior Infotaiment and Connectivity R&D Romania


2 11-03-26 Autor, © Continental Automotive Romania SRL
Functional testing

Interior Infotaiment and Connectivity R&D Romania


3 June 2014 Silvia Tanase, © Continental Automotive Romania SRL
Functional testing - Definition

Functional Testing is a type of software testing whereby the system is tested against

the functional requirements/specifications.

Functions (or features) are tested by feeding them input and examining the output.

Functional testing ensures that the requirements are properly satisfied by the

application. This type of testing is not concerned with how processing occurs, but

rather, with the results of processing.

During functional testing, Black Box Testing technique is used in which the internal

logic of the system being tested is not known to the tester.

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18 August 2014 , © Continental Automotive Romania SRL


Functional testing - Definition

For example:
The manufacturer provides the user manual together with the product. In this
manual are specified various information including the correct usage of the product.

Similar the customer specifications must contain clear and detailed information about
the characteristics and functioning of the product to be created. These
specifications are used by the developer to carry out the implementation and based
on specs the tester can create test scenarios and verify functionality.

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18 August 2014 , © Continental Automotive Romania SRL


Functional testing - Definition

For example: Bathroom scale

Specifications:
1 Maximum weight: 180 kg / 396 lb / 28st 4 lb
2 Division scale to measure weight: 0.1 kg / 0.2 lb / ¼ lb
3 Memory for 10 users.
4 Medium Recommended Use: Temperature: 0 ° C - 40 ° C / 32 ° F -104 ° F;
5 Relative humidity <85%
6 Choosing the unit of weight: kilogram (kg), Stone (st) Pound (lb)
7 Autostart
8 Automatic reset to 0.0 (zero)
9 Indicator of exceeding weight
10 Battery Remaining Indicator
11 Power supply: alkaline battery 1 x 3V CR2032 model
12 Place the scale on a flat surface as uniform and rigid, not on carpet or soft surface, the measuring values ​are more precise.
13 Touch scales foot to boot (start) and wait for the screen to display "0.0 kilograms"
14 Step on the scale, stand on the platform and wait for the glass to be performed measurement.
15 The weight value will be displayed and will blink a few times before being stabilized.
16 Get off from the scale and after approx. 8 seconds it turns off automatically.
17 In case you do not weigh after the screen displays "0.0 kg", the scale will stop
automatically after approx. 8 seconds.

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18 August 2014 , © Continental Automotive Romania SRL


 Functional testing can be performed during all the levels

 Typically, functional testing involves the following steps:

Identify functions that the software is expected to perform.

Create input data based on the function’s specifications.

Determine the output based on the function’s specifications.

Execute the test case.

Compare the actual and expected outputs.

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For example: a developer implements the functionality of the “on-off” button for a mobile
phone. And you want to verify the implementation. This button can be tested at the unit test
(without being integrated into the phone) but to check the functionality should be introduced
in a test system.

Functional testing refers to activities of checking the functionality of a specific code. But this
information must be in the requirements or the specifications of the manufacturer.

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Functional testing - Examples

Simple “triangle analyzer”


Requirements:
Program prompts user for input
User types in three real numbers separated by commas
E.g. 2.5, 6, 6.5
Numbers are supposed to be lengths of the sides of a triangle
Program responds with:
Equilateral – if there is a valid triangle with those side lengths and that type
Isosceles – likewise
Scalene – likewise
Not a triangle – if there is no valid triangle with those side lengths (e.g. 3, 4, 1000)
What test cases to use?
These will be functional (black-box) test cases, since we are working only from the
requirements

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Functional testing - Basic Methods

How to choose good functional test cases?


We will look at each of the following methods:
Test all possible outputs
Test both valid and invalid inputs
Test around boundaries
Test extreme values
Test input syntax
Guess at possible errors
These techniques will generate lots and lots of test cases
In general:
A test case may be one input or a sequence of inputs (depending on program)
We will probably have more test cases for erroneous input than correct input

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Functional testing - Basic Methods

Test both valid and invalid inputs


Test around boundaries
Test extreme values

The cash machine can issue banknotes in domestic curency: 10RON,


50RON, 100RON; maximum is 2000ron; maximum number of banknotes is
10 per extraction
The machine can issue euro banknotes multiple of 20 Euro; maximum
is 500euro; maximum number of banknotes in a drawing is 7

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Functional testing - Basic Methods

Test both valid and invalid inputs Paper cups container empty

Test around boundaries


Test extreme values

What if no more paper cups


available

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ADVANTAGES

 Makes sure program meets requirements

 It simulates actual system usage.

 It does not make any system structure assumptions.

DISADVANTAGES

 It has a potential of missing logical errors in software.

 Can’t test undocumented features

 It has a high possibility of redundant testing.

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Software Testing Myths and Facts

MYTH: Quality Control = Testing.


FACT: Testing is just one component of software quality control. Quality Control includes
other activities such as Reviews.
MYTH: The objective of Testing is to ensure a 100% defect- free product.
FACT: The objective of testing is to uncover as many defects as possible. Identifying all
defects and getting rid of them is impossible.
MYTH: Testing is easy.
FACT: Testing can be difficult and challenging (sometimes, even more so than coding).
MYTH: Anyone can test.
FACT: Testing is a rigorous discipline and requires many kinds of skills.

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Software Testing Myths and Facts

MYTH: There is no creativity in testing.


FACT: Creativity can be applied when formulating test approaches, when designing
tests, and even when executing tests.
MYTH: Automated testing eliminates the need for manual testing.
FACT: 100% test automation cannot be achieved. Manual Testing, to some level, is
always necessary.
MYTH: When a defect slips, it is the fault of the Testers.
FACT: Quality is the responsibility of all members/stakeholders, including developers, of
a project.
MYTH: Software Testing does not offer opportunities for career growth.
FACT: Gone are the days when users had to accept whatever product was dished to
them; no matter what the quality. With the abundance of competing software and
increasingly demanding users, the need for software testers to ensure high quality will
continue to grow.

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