Scribd
Upload
34 views

Solar System: Origin and Evolution

The solar system formed 4.6 billion years ago from a giant rotating cloud of gas and dust. (1) Much of the mass is concentrated in the sun, while the angular momentum is held by the outer planets. (2) The planets orbit in the same elliptical plane around the sun, mostly moving counterclockwise. (3) The nebular hypothesis best explains the formation of the solar system from this primordial cloud.

Uploaded by

Twelve Forty-four
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views

Solar System: Origin and Evolution

The solar system formed 4.6 billion years ago from a giant rotating cloud of gas and dust. (1) Much of the mass is concentrated in the sun, while the angular momentum is held by the outer planets. (2) The planets orbit in the same elliptical plane around the sun, mostly moving counterclockwise. (3) The nebular hypothesis best explains the formation of the solar system from this primordial cloud.

Uploaded by

Twelve Forty-four
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

SOLAR SYSTEM

ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION


Keep in mind the guide questions
• Where is the mass of the Solar System concentrated?
• How will you describe the shape of the orbits of the planets?
• Where do planets move around? How do they move ,
clockwise or counter clockwise?
• Do all planets revolve at the same rate? rotate at the same
rate?
• What's the difference between prograde and retrograde?
SOLAR SYSTEM

we are here
SOLAR SYSTEM
8 planets

one star

178 known moons


SOLAR SYSTEM

3319 comets

5 dwarf planets

670 452 asteroids


SOLAR SYSTEM
• located within the milky way
• is located about 25, 000 light years to the
galactic center and 25, 000 light years away from
the rim
• revolves around the galactic center once in
about 240 million years
• 4.6 billion years old
Features of the Solar System

1. much of the mass of the solar


system (98.80 %) is concentrated
at the center while angular momentum
is held by the outer planets
Features of the Solar System

• orbits of the planets are in the same plane and is elliptical


• all planets revolve around the sun
• the periods of the revolution of the planets increase with an
increasing distance
• all planets are located at regular intervals from the sun
Features of the Solar System
• most planets rotate prograde
Features of the Solar System
• Terrestrial planets
• high densities
• thin or no atmospheres
• rotate slowly
• rocky materials
• poor in ices
Features of the Solar system
• Jovian Planets
• low densities
• thick atmosphere
• rotate rapidly
• many natural satellites
• ice-rich
NEBULAR HYPOTHESIS
• proposed by Emmanuel Swedenborg, Immanuel Kant, Pierre-
Simon Laplace in 1700s

• “ A rotating cloud of gas and dust that cools and contracts in


the middle to form the sun and the rest into a disc that
become the planets”
a. supernova and formation of the
primordial dust cloud

b. condensation of primordial dust


clouds. Forms disc- shaped nebular
cloud rotating counter clockwise
c. protosun and planets begin to form

d. accretion of planetisimals and


differentiation of planets and moons

e. existing solar system takes shape


Evidences that support to support nebular
hypotheses:
1. planets and moons revolve in a counter clockwise
direction.
2. Almost all planets and moons rotate in their own axis
in countercockwise direction.
3. Planetary orbits are aligned along the sun's equatorial
plane.
ENCOUNTER HYPOTHESIS
• proposed by Chamberlain and Moulton

• “ The planets formed from the debris torn off the Sun by a
close encounter with another star.”

• “That our planets, moons, and sun all spun off from a collision
between stars.”
rogue star passes close to the Sun

gas is tidally removed from both


rogue star and Sun

rogue star material is less dense and


becomes the outer Solar System
planets

inner Solar System material is more is more


dense and become the terrestrial planets
PROTOPLANET HYPOTHESIS
• developed by Carl von Weizsacker and Gerard Kuiper

• “ The Solar System begins to form, as a rotating cloud, or nebula


collapses. But instabilities develop in the nebula causing dust
particles to pull together. Then the dust particles merge into
billions of planetisimals then collide and form protoplanets. At
the center of the nebular disc, the protosun increases in mass
and becomes a star by the process of hydrogen fusion.
Assessment
1. Where is the mass of the Solar System concentrated?
2. How will you describe the shape of the orbits of the planets?
3. Where do planets move around? How do they move ,
clockwise or counter clockwise?
4. Do all planets revolve at the same rate? rotate at the same
rate?
5. What's the difference between prograde and retrograde?
Answer
1. At the center ( sun)
2. orbits are elliptical
3. planets revolve around the sun and at the same plane
most planets rotate prograde
4. no, innermost planets revolve faster
innermost planets rotate slower
5. prograde - counter clockwise
retrograde - clockwise

You might also like