Research

Qualitative Research
and
Quantitative Research
Objective:

1 Define Research

2 Identify different characteristics of Research

3 Distinguish Qualitative research from Quantitative Research

4 Show examples of Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research

Research
Research is defined as…

A studious inquiry or examination; especially investigation or

experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision,
of
accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application
of such new or revised theories or laws. (Meriam-Webster Online Dictionary)

A process of steps used to collect and analyze information to

increase our understanding of topic or issue. It is consists of three steps:
Pose a question, collect data to answer the question, and present an
answer to the question. (Creswell, 2008)
Research is defined as…
Research is a process of investigation. An examination
of a subject from different points of view. It is a hunt for the truth.
It is the way you educate yourself. (Online Library Learning
Center, 2017)

Defined as the creation of new knowledge and/or the use

of existing knowledge in a new and creative way so as to
generate new concepts, methodologies and understandings.
This could include synthesis and analysis of previous
research to the extent that it leads to new and creative
outcomes.(2012 Higher Education Research Data Collection
(HERDC) )
Characteristics
of
Research
Characteristics of Research
According to Leedy (1974) research has seven
discrete characteristics which appear sequentially.

1. Research begins with a question in the mind of the

researcher.

2. Research requires a plan.

3. Research demands a clear statement of the problem.

4. Research deals with the main problem through sub-
problems

5. Research seeks direction through appropriate

hypotheses.

6. Research deals with facts and their meaning.

7. Research is circular.
 Here is another characterization of research
1. Empirical
2. Systematic
3. Controlled
4. Employs hypotheses
5. Analytical
6. Objective, unbiased & logical
7. Employs quantitative or statistical methods
1. Research is A process of steps used to collect and analyze information to
increase our understanding of topic or issue.

2. Research is a studious inquiry or examination; especially investigation or

experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision, of
accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application
of such new or revised theories or laws.

3. Research should be objective, biased & logical.

 Begins with a
question in the
mind of the
researcher.
circular requires a plan.

deals with facts demands a

and their clear statement
meaning of the problem.

seeks direction deals with the

through main problem
appropriate through sub-
hypotheses. problems
Qualitative Research
Vs.
Quantitative Research
 Qualitative Research
a type of social science research that collects and works
with non-numerical data and that seeks to interpret meaning
from these data that helps us
understand social life through the study of targeted
populations or places.
 Qualitative Research
Seeks to answer questions about why and how
people behave in the way that they do. It provides
in-depth information about human behaviour.

It is primarily an exploratory research. It is

used to gain an understanding of underlying
reasons, opinions, and motivations.
 Qualitative Research
Data collection methods vary using
unstructured or semi-structured focuses on
verifiable
observation as opposed to theory or logic.

It provides insights into the problem or helps to

develop ideas or hypotheses for potential
quantitative research.
 Quantitative Research

Quantitative research is a way of collecting

numerical research or data which then can be
converted into useable statistics

01 02
03 04
 01
Used to quantify the problem by way of generating
numerical data or data that can be transformed into
usable statistics

02
Data collection methods include various forms of
surveys- online survey, paper survey, mobile survey, and
kiosk survey, face-to-face interviews, telephone
interviews, online polls, and systematic observation
 03
It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors,
and other defined variables -and generalize results from a
larger sample population.

04
It uses measureable data to formulate facts
and uncover patterns in research.
 Comparison
between
Qualitative Research
And
Quantitative Research
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

-Base on Numbers
-Base on Opinion and
Experiences -Larger Sample

-Smaller Sample -Survey

-Interviews,focus group -Mostly Closed Question

-Open-ended Question
 Qualitative Quantitative Numeric Data
Text Data
234252311234233
This is a sample of a text 211153412314455
file of words that might 412143351423155
be collected on interview 221535131532251
324431242241554
transcripts, observation 215
field notes, or optically-
scanned documents.
Qualitative data Quantitative data
 Interviews  Questionnaire

 Observations  Survey

 Case Study  Census

 Documents  Attendance Record

 Audio-Visual Materials  Checklists

 Topic Design
A description on how parents Descriptive
feel about the K to 12
Curriculum
The relationship between Correlational
Intelligence and Self-esteem
The effects of using vape/ Causal Comparative/ Quasi-
cigarettes of students in their Experimental
academic performance
The effect of new treatment Experimental
plan in curing cancer
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 Research is defined as…

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