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Knowledge University College of Science-DLMS-Level 4 L. 2 - (Introduction-2) Medical Mycology 2020/2021

1) The document discusses the hierarchical classification and taxonomy of fungi. It covers the kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera and species that fungi are organized into. 2) It describes how fungi were initially classified with plants by botanists and discusses more modern classifications that place fungi in their own kingdom. It also discusses theories about the origin of fungi. 3) The document outlines the main divisions within the fungal kingdom - Eumycota, Myxomycota, Mastigomycotina, Deuteromycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes - and some of their distinguishing characteristics.

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Saif Ali
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55 views

Knowledge University College of Science-DLMS-Level 4 L. 2 - (Introduction-2) Medical Mycology 2020/2021

1) The document discusses the hierarchical classification and taxonomy of fungi. It covers the kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera and species that fungi are organized into. 2) It describes how fungi were initially classified with plants by botanists and discusses more modern classifications that place fungi in their own kingdom. It also discusses theories about the origin of fungi. 3) The document outlines the main divisions within the fungal kingdom - Eumycota, Myxomycota, Mastigomycotina, Deuteromycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes - and some of their distinguishing characteristics.

Uploaded by

Saif Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Knowledge University

College of Science-DLMS- Level 4


L. 2 - (Introduction-2)
Medical mycology 2020/2021

Dr.Salah M. Saleem

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 1


Hierarchical Classification(ranks)
a system in which people or things
are arranged according to their importance
Kingdom Fungi
Phylum Basidiomycota
Class Basidiomycetes
Order Agaricales
Family Agaricaceae
Genus Agaricus
Species:
Agaricus campestris L.
Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 2
Classification of fungi:

• What is the meaning of classification?


• Fungi were initially classified with plants and
were a subject of interest for botanists.
• Hence the influence of botany can be seen on
their classification.
• In 1969 R.H Whittaker classified all living
organisms into five kingdoms namely
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 3


• The origin of Fungi
• Some mycologists are of opinion that:
(1)The fungi have evolved from algae by loss of chlorophyll. If
this is true, the fungi are plants and are properly placed in the
‘plant kingdom’. Mycologists of other school of thought,
believe that:

(2)The fungi had a common ancestry (origin), with the protozoa


but split off at a very early stage of organic evolution. If this is
true, the fungi are neither plants nor animals - they are fungi.

• Ainsworth (1971) in his dictionary of fungi treated the fungi as a


separate and independent Kingdom.

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 4


Kingdom Fungi

Eumycota Myxomycota single


class Myxomycetes

Motile cells Motile cells


(zoospores) absent
present/perfect
spore oospore

Perfect stage Perfect stage


present absent
Sub-division
Mastigomycotina Deuteromycetes
Plate 6

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 5


perfect stage present

Perfect spore perfect spore Perfect spore


Zygospore ascospore basidiospore

Sub-division
Sub-division Sub-division
Basidiomycete
Zygomycetes Ascomycetes
s

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 6


Ascomycetes
perfect p./
.motile ab

Mastigomycotina Basidiomycetes
perfect p. .perfect p
.motile p . motile ab

Eumycota

Hyphomycetes Zygomycetes
.Perfect ab .Perfect p
.Motile ab .Motile ab

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 7


• Reproduction in fungi:
Fungi reproduce by asexual, sexual and parasexual means.
Asexual reproduction is the commonest mode in most fungi
with fungi participating in sexual mode only under certain
circumstances.
The form of fungus undergoing asexual reproduction is
known as anamorph (or imperfect stage or …?) and when
the same fungus is undergoing sexual reproduction, the
form is said to be teleomorph (or ... stage).
In parasexual The process involves genetic recombination
without the requirement of specific sexual structures.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q0Fg5M2YVho https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=KhKwYJWF4iY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-xo_Sd_QDY

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 8


• Asexual reproduction:
Asexual propagules are termed either spores or conidia
depending on their mode of production. Asexual spores are
produced following mitosis where a sexual spores are
produced following meiosis.
• The asexual spores of zygomycetes, which are known as
sporangiospores form within sac like structure known as
sporangia.
•

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 9


Spores of Hyphomycetes called (conidia-plu.), they are differ in shape, size,
color, no. of cells, etc….. Conidia is important in classification of
hypomycetes. (Dermatophytes are Hy[homycetes)

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 10


Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 11
Review questions & activiteis
Q1/ WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ARE TRUE?
a /Sporangiospore is a sexual spore.
• b/ Asexual spores are produced following meiosis .
• c/ Conidia in hyphomycetes are important to fungal nutrition
• d/ All Hyphomycetes are dermatophytes.
• Q2/ Name the groups of eumycota and their characteristics.
• Q3/ Define: deuteromycetes;

• Q4/FARTHER READING
• a/ Write a report (100 words) about parasexual reproduction in
fungi (meaning, importance, examples).
• b/ What is the deference between taxonomy and classification?

Dr. Salah M. Saleem - 2020/2021 12

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