Ch- 15

Event-Driven Programming and

Animations

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Agenda
 Event-driven programming
 Handler classes using inner classes
 Handler classes using anonymous inner classes
 Event handling using lambda expressions
 GUI application for a loan calculator

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Procedural vs. Event-
Driven Programming

 Procedural programming is executed in

procedural order.

 In event-driven programming, code is

executed upon activation of events.

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Handling GUI Events

Source object (e.g., button)
Listener object contains a method for processing
the event.

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Events
 An event can be defined as a type of
signal to the program that something has
happened.

 The event is generated by external user

actions such as mouse movements, mouse
clicks, or keystrokes.

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Event Classes

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 Selected User Actions and 7

Handlers

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The Delegation Model

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The Delegation Model: Example

Button btOK = new Button("OK");

OKHandlerClass handler = new
OKHandlerClass();
btOK.setOnAction(handler);

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Example: First Version for
ControlCircle (no listeners)
Now let us consider to write a program that
uses two buttons to control the size of a circle.

ControlCircleWithoutEventHandling

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Inner Class Listeners

✖ A listener class is designed specifically to create a
listener object for a GUI component (e.g., a
button).
✖ It will not be shared by other applications. So, it
is appropriate to define the listener class inside
the frame class as an inner class.

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Inner Classes
✖ Inner class: A class is a member of another class.
✖ Advantages: In some applications, you can use an inner class
to make programs simple.
An inner class can reference the data and methods defined in the
outer class in which it nests, so you do not need to pass the
reference of the outer class to the constructor of the inner class.

ShowInnerClass

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Inner Classes, cont.

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Example: Second Version for ControlCircle

(with listener for Enlarge)
Now let us consider to write a program that
uses two buttons to control the size of a circle.

ControlCircle

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Anonymous Inner Classes

✖ An anonymous inner class must always extend a superclass or implement an
interface, but it cannot have an explicit extends or implements clause.

✖ An anonymous inner class must implement all the abstract methods in the
superclass or in the interface.

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Anonymous Inner Classes (cont.)

✖ Inner class listeners can be shortened using
anonymous inner classes.
✖ An anonymous inner class is an inner class without
a name. It combines declaring an inner class and
creating an instance of the class in one step.
✖ An anonymous inner class is declared as follows:

new SuperClassName/InterfaceName() {
// Implement or override methods in superclass or interface
// Other methods if necessary
}
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Anonymous Inner Classes (cont.)

AnonymousHandlerDemo

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Using Lambda Expressions

✖ Lambda expression is a new feature in Java 8.

✖ Lambda expressions can be viewed as an anonymous

method with a concise syntax.
btEnlarge.setOnAction( btEnlarge.setOnAction(e -> {
new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() { // Code for processing event e
@Override });
public void handle(ActionEvent e) {
// Code for processing event e
}
}
});

(a) Anonymous inner class event handler (b) Lambda expression event handler

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Basic Syntax for a Lambda Expression

✖ The basic syntax for a lambda expression is either

(type1 param1, type2 param2, ...) -> expression
Or
(type1 param1, type2 param2, ...) -> { statements; }

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Single Abstract Method Interface (SAM)

✖ The statements in the lambda expression is all for that method.

✖ If it contains multiple methods, the compiler will not be able to compile
the lambda expression.
✖ So, for the compiler to understand lambda expressions, the interface must
contain exactly one abstract method.
✖ Such an interface is known as a functional interface, or a Single Abstract
Method (SAM) interface.

AnonymousHandlerDemo
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MouseEvent

MouseEventDemo

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The KeyEvent Class

KeyEventDemo

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The KeyCode Constants

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Example: Control Circle

with Mouse and Key

ControlCircleWithMouseAndKey

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Listeners for Observable Objects
✖ You can add a listener to process a value change in an observable object.
✖ An instance of Observable is known as an observable object, which
contains the addListener(InvalidationListener listener) method for adding
a listener.
✖ Once the value is changed in the property, a listener is notified. The listener
class should implement the InvalidationListener interface, which uses the
invalidated(Observable o) method to handle the property value change.
Every binding property is an instance of Observable.

DisplayResizableClock

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Animation
JavaFX provides the Animation class with the core
functionality for all animations.

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 PathTransition 27

PathTransitionDemo

FlagRisingAnimation

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 FadeTransition 28

The FadeTransition class animates the change of the

opacity in a node over a given time.

FadeTransitionDemo

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 Timeline 29

PathTransition and FadeTransition define specialized

animations. The Timeline class can be used to program
any animation using one or more KeyFrames. Each
KeyFrame is executed sequentially at a specified time
interval. Timeline inherits from Animation.

TimelineDemo

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 Clock Animation 30

ClockAnimation

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 Case Study: Bouncing Ball 31

BallPane

BounceBallControl

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Motivations
 User enter a loan amount, annual
interest rate, and number of years and
click the Compute Payment button to
obtain the monthly payment and total
payment.

 Use event-driven programming to

write the code to respond to the
button-clicking event.

LoanCalculator

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Thanks!
Any questions?
You can find me at:
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