Element

s of a
Story
Ms. Walsh
 Elements of a
•
Story:
Setting – The time and place a story takes place.
• Characters – the people, animals or creatures in a story.
• Plot – the series of events that make up a story.
• Conflict – a problem or struggle between two people, things or ideas.

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Setting

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 Settin
g
• The setting describes where
an when the story takes place.
Details can describe:

Time of day
• It helps build background
 Time of year
and create images in the
• mind.  Time in History

It helps set the tone or mood  Scenery

of the story.
 Weather

 Location

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 Using the Five
•
Senses
A good setting helps • SIGHT
the reader visualize • SMELL
the places in the • TASTE
story.
• FEEL
• A good author
• SOUND
includes
descriptions of the
setting using the
five senses…

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 Take a Look…Which is
better?

The castle
was
beside the
water.

OR…

The waves crashed loudly against the shoreline.

The fog lifted lightly and the medieval castle came
into view. It was a beautiful site!
The fog brushed my face and I could smell
the smoke from the fire in the distance and taste the Walsh Publishing Co. 2009
sea salt on my lips.
 Your Turn…
• On the next slide, there is a picture of a setting.
• In your own words, write a detailed description of the
setting in your picture. Include many adjectives and
don’t forget to include descriptions for each of the five
senses: see, hear, feel, smell, taste
• Extension: Draw your own setting and then
write about it.
• Extension: Your teacher will give you a magazine to
look through. Find a picture that could be a setting for
a story.

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Characters

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 Every story
needs
Characters…

People Animals Or Creatures

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The protagonist is
the “good guy”
The antagonist is the
“bad guy” or force
 Characteri
zation
Characterization is the
way in which an author
shows the personality of a
character

Characterization is a
technique writers use to
make characters “come to
life.”
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 Think about your favorite book,
movie or TV character…
• How can you describe his/her appearance?
• What kind of personality does he/she have?
• What kinds of things does he/she like?
• Make a list of character traits for this
character.
 Characteri
Characters are people or animals in a story.
zation
A writer can tell you directly about a character…
(Freddy was very competitive)
Or
A writer can tell you indirectly about a character…
(Two days before the game, Freddy gathered his
teammates and laid out his plan. Then he looked at
them and said, “We are going to win this one. No
excuses.”)
 Dire
ct
• Direct Characterization • “The patient boy and the

Characteriza
tells the reader the
personality of the
character.
quiet girl were both well
behaved and did not
disobey their mother.

tion
• Direct Characterization is
obvious to the reader and
“spells” it right out.
 Indir
Indirec
•
h aect
r a c t e r i z
C
Characterization shows
things
t that reveal the
sister asT she
hepoked
b ohim
and teased him. He did
personality of the not react. He carefully
character.
ay statino n
picked up her doll from
• Speech the floor and placed it
ex t to his
• Thought on her lap saying gently,
• “Here you go, why don’t
Effect
you play with your
• on
doll?”
• Others
Actions
 Indir
☻
☻What C h ect
feelings?
a ra c te
What is revealed
doe through
s th ethe
c character’s
ha rac private
ter sathoughts
y? and

☻ What is the character’s effect on others? How do

other characters feel or behave in reaction to the

r i z a t io n …
character?
☻ Ho
Whatwdoes dothe character
es th e do?chHow ara cter speak?
does he/she
behave?
☻ What does the character look like? Dress like?
 Character
Character Traits are descriptive

•Honest
Traits
•Excited
adjectives that tell us
specific qualities of a
•Bright •Unselfish •Humble •Ambitious
•Light-hearted •Studious character
•Courageous •Self-confident •Friendly •Able
•Leader •Inventive •Serious •Respectful •Short •Quiet
•Expert •Creative •Funny •Considerate •Adventurous •Curious
•Brave •Thrilling •Humorous •Imaginative •Hard-working •Reserved
•Conceited •Independent •Sad •Busy •Timid •Pleasing
•Mischievous •Intelligent •Poor •Patriotic •Shy •Bossy
•Demanding •Compassionate •Rich •Fun-loving •Bold •Witty
•Thoughtful •Gentle •Tall •Popular •Daring •Fighter
•Keen •Proud •Dark •Successful •Dainty •Tireless
•Happy •Wild •Light •Responsible •Pitiful •Energetic
•Disagreeable •Messy •Handsome •Lazy •Cooperative •Cheerful
•Simple •Neat •Pretty •Dreamer •Lovable •Smart
•Fancy •Joyful •Ugly •Helpful •Prim •Impulsive
•Plain •Strong •Selfish •Simple- •Proper •Loyal
minded
 Factors in Analyzing
Characters
Physical appearance/what they look like
Personality & Character Traits

Background/personal history

Motivation/why do they act?

Relationships

Conflict or struggles
 Character
• Character Motivation is the driving force behind why
Motivation
the character does what he/she does. (Reasons for
character’s actions)
• What does the main character want more than
anything else (main goal)?
• What do secondary characters want more than
anything else (main goal)?
• What potential conflicts or struggles might exist
between the characters?

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 Snow White:
•
Motiva
Character
Character Motivation. Why does the queen’s heart turn

•
tion
against Snow White?
Character Motivation. Why do the dwarfs allow Snow
White to stay with them?
• Character Motivation. Why does the queen disguise herself
as an old peddler woman?
• Character Motivation. Why does the queen give Snow
White the poison apple?
 Your Turn…Think of a character from a
book, a movie or TV…
• Who is the character? From what story?
• What does he/she want?
• What does he/she need?
• What is his/her motivation?
• What does he/she do to get
• what they need?
How does the character change during the movie,
book or TV show?
 Character Poem Example of poem
First name Snow White,
Four traits
Beautiful, giving, loving, unhappy
Related to: Cares
deeply for
The Queen, her wicked stepmother
Who feels The seven dwarfs
Who needs Safe in the forest
Who gives The love of a Prince
Who would Love to the seven dwarfs
like to see Goodness throughout the kingdom
Resident of The forest.

Identifying Character Traits Worksheet: http://www.readwritethink.org/lesson_images/lesson175/RWT186-2.pdf

P lot

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 P lot

Plot - the events that take place in a story. Every

story needs a plot! The plot has different
“parts…”
 Plot Components
Climax: the turning point, the most
intense moment—either mentally
or in action

Rising Action: the series of Falling Action: all of the

events and conflicts in the story action which follows the
that lead to the climax climax

Exposition: the start of the story, Resolution: the conclusion, the

before the action starts tying together of all of the threads
The climax is the most exciting
part!!
 Special Techniques of
Plot…
Suspense- excitement or tension
Flashback- interrupts the normal sequence of
events to tell about something that happened
in the past
Surprise Ending- conclusion that reader does
not expect
And…Foreshadowing…
A hint about what will happen next is
called foreshadowing

For example, if you hear this:

Then you know someone’s about to get eaten!

 Your Turn…
• You will be given a short story to read.
• Once you’ve finished reading, fill out the plot diagram for the
story.
Conflict

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 Confl
ict
• Conflict is the
“battle” between
two forces.

• Conflict isn’t always

bad..sometimes it
helps to create
change.
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Conflict
Conflict is the struggle between two
forces in a story. Without conflict,
there is no plot.
 Types of Conflict
Character vs Character

Character vs Nature

Character vs Society

Character vs Self
Types Of Conflict…a deeper look

1. Character vs. Character

(problem with another character)

2. Character vs. Nature

(problem with force of nature)

3.Character vs. Society

(problem with the laws or beliefs of a group)
(character vs. community, society or
culture)

4. Character vs. Self

(problem with deciding what to
 Your turn…
What’s a well-known
movie that has…
Character vs. Character Conflict
Character vs. Nature Conflict
Character vs. Society
Character vs. Self