Ederlyn Maura M.

Delamide RN MAN
Nursing Leadership &
Management
 Nursing Leadership and Management

•Leadership is the ability to direct or

motivate an individual or group to achieve
set goals. 

•Management is to plan, organize, direct,

and control available human, material, and
financial resources to deliver quality care to
patients and families.
Leadership Management
Process of Process of
influencing getting done
people through
people
 do not have delegated
authority but obtain
their power through
other means, such as
influence

focus on group process,

information gathering,
Leadership feedback, and
empowering others

Nursing have goals that may or

may not reflect those of
Leadership & the organization

Management
legitimate source of
power due to the
delegated authority

emphasize control,
decision making,
Management decision analysis, and
results

greater formal
responsibility and
accountability for
rationality and control
than leaders
Theories In
Nursing
Management
 • a person who controls and
manipulates resources
and expenditures, to meet
the organizational goals.
Manager
• a person responsible for
supervising and
motivating employees and
for directing the progress
of an organization.
 •Planning
Functions •Organizing
of Nursing •Directing/Leading
Managers •Controlling
Functions of
Management
 Management Process
•As a process, Management has
similarities with the nursing process
Nursing Process Management Process
Assessment Date Gathering
Planning Planning
Implementation Organizing
Evaluation Directing/Leading
Controlling
 •Planning means to
decide in advance what is
to be done. It charts a
course of actions for the
Planning future.
•It is an intellectual
process and it aims to
achieve a coordinated
and consistent set of
operations aimed at
desired objectives
 3 Steps To Good Planning :

1. Which goals should be

Planning hunted?
2. How should the goal be
attained?
3. How should resources be
allocated?
 The management function
of organizing can be
defined as:
•“relating people and
things to each other in
Organizing such a way that they are
all combined and
interrelated into a unit
capable of being directed
toward the
organizational
objectives.”
 Work activities required for the
organizational performance
are separated through:
a. Horizontal
differentiation (i.e.. Dividing
Organizing the organization into
operational units for more
effective and efficient
performance.)
b. Vertical differentiation
(i.e.. Establishes the hierarchy
and the number of levels in
the organization.)
 •Traditional Patient Care
Delivery Method
•Total patient care
•Functional Nursing
Organizing •Team and Modular Nursing
•Primary Nursing
•Case Management
 •Nurse assume total
responsibility during their
time on duty for meeting
Total all the needs of assigned
Patient patients
•Also referred to as the
Care Case Method Assignment
because patients may be
assigned as cases
 Charge
Nurse

Nursing Nursing Nursing

Staff Staff Staff

Patient Patient Patient

 •Functional Nursing is
efficiency-based tasks
are completed quickly
Functional with little confusion
Method regarding responsibility
•Allow care to be provided
with a smaller number of
RNs
 Charge Nurse

Nursing
RN Medication RN Treatment Clerical
Nurse Nurse Assistant Housekeeping

Patients
 • Ancillary personnel
collaborate in providing
care to a group of patients
under the direction of a
Team professional nurse
Nursing • As the team leader the
nurse is responsible for
knowing the condition and
the needs of all the
patients assigned to the
team and for planning
individual care.
 Charge
Nurse

Team Team Team

Leader Leader Leader

Nursing Nursing Nursing

Staff Staff Staff

Patients Patients Patients

 • Uses a mini-team (two or
three member with at
least one member being
an RN with members of
Modular the modular nursing team
sometimes being called
Nursing case pairs
• Patient care units are
typical divided into
modules or districts and
assignment are based on
the geographical location
of patients
 Charge Nurse

Geographic Patient Unit Geographic Patient Unit Geographic Patient Unit

Patient Care Team: Patient Care Team: Patient Care Team:
RNs RNs RNs
Nurse Assistant Nurse Assistant Nurse Assistant
Meds Meds Meds
Supplies Supplies Supplies
Linens Linens Linens
 • Primary nurse assumes
24-hour responsibility for
planning the care of one
or more patients from
admission or the start of
treatment to discharge or
Primary the treatment ends
• During work hours, the
Nursing primary nurse provides
total direct care for that
patient
• When the primary nurse is
not on duty, associates
nurses who follow the
care plan established by
the primary care nurse
provide care
 Charge Health care
Physician Nurse Organization
Resources

Primary Care
Nurse

Patient
Associat
Associat e Nurse
e Nurse (Days)
(Evening
) Associat
e Nurse
(Nights)
 • A collaborative process of
assessment, planning
facilitation and advocacy for
options and services to meet
an individual’s health needs,
through communication and
Case available resources to
Management promote quality cost-
effective outcomes

• Nurse address each patient

individually, identifying the
most cost-effective
providers, treatments and
care settings possible
 •The leader-manager
recruits, selects, places
Staffing and indoctrinates
personnel to accomplish
the goals of organization
 1. Determine the
numbers and types of
personnel needed to
fulfill the philosophy,
meet fiscal planning
Steps in responsibilities, and
carry the chosen
Staffing patient care delivery
system selected by the
organization

2. Recruit, interview, select

and assigned personnel
based on established job
description performance
standard
 3. Uses organizational
resources for induction
and orientation
4. Ascertain that each
Steps in employee is adequately
socialized to
Staffing organization values
and unit norms
5. Use creative and
flexible scheduling
based on patient care
needs to increase
productivity and
retention
 •Is the process of actively
seeking out or attracting
applicants for existing
Recruitment position and should be
an ongoing process.
• A leadership role in
staffing includes
identifying, recruiting,
and hiring gifted people
 • Process of choosing
among applicants the best
qualified individual or
individuals for a particular
job or position
Selection • Involves verifying the
applicant’s qualifications
checking his or her work
history and deciding if a
good match exists
between the applicant’s
qualifications and the
organizations
expectations
 • The nurse leader is able to
assign a new employee to a
position within his or her
sphere of authority where
the employee will have a
reasonable for success
Placement
• Proper placement fosters
personal growth, provides
a motivating climate for
the employee, maximizes
productivity and increases
the probability that
organizational goals will
be met
 •Planned, guided adjustment
of an employee to the
organization and he work
environment
Indoctrination
•Induction, the first phase of
indoctrination includes all
activities that educate the
new employee about the
organization and
employment and personnel
policies and procedures
 •Orientation-activities
are more specific for the
position
•To make employee feel
Indoctrination like part of the team

•Reduce burnout and

help new employees
become independent
more quickly in the
new roles
 •Establish competence
•To meet new learning
Staff needs
Development •To satisfy interests the
staff may have in learning
in specific areas.
 • Socialization- refers to a
learning of the behaviors
that accompany each role by
instruction, observation and
trial and errors.
Socialization
• Resocialization- occurs when
individuals are forced to
learn new values, skills,
attitudes and social rules as a
result of changes in the type
of work they do, the scope of
responsibility they hold, or
in the work setting itself.
 • Centralized Staffing –
staffing decision are made
by personnel in a central
office or staffing center

Staffing • Decentralized Staffing –

unit manger is often
responsible for covering
all scheduled staff
absences, reducing staff
during periods of
decreased patient census
or acuity, preparing
monthly unit schedules,
and preparing holiday and
vacation schedules
Patient Classification System
Formula for Staffing
Formula for Staffing
 • Getting work done through
others or as directing the
performance of one or more
people in accomplish
organizational goals
Delegation
• The mark of great leader is
when he or she can
recognize the excellent
performance of someone
else and allow other to shine
for their accomplishments
 •Right task
•Right circumstances
5 Rights of •Right person
Delegation •Right direction/
communication
•Right level of supervision
 • Directing means the issuance
of orders, assignments and
instructions that permit the
Directing subordinate to understand
what is expected of him, and
the guidance and overseeing
of the subordinate so that he
can contribute effectively and
efficiently to the attainment
of organizational objectives.
 •Directing includes the
following activities
•• a. Giving orders.
Directing •• b. Making supervision
•• c. Leading
•• d. Motivating
•• e. Communicating
•• f. Supervision .
 • Leadership is the ability to
inspire and influence others
to contribute to the
attainment of the objectives.
Successful leadership is the
Leading result of interaction
between the leader and his
subordinates in a particular
organizational situation.

• There are number of styles

of leadership that have been
identified such as autocratic,
democratic participative
leadership.
 • Regulation of activities in
accordance with the
requirements of plans.

• An ongoing and
Controlling continuous process to
ensure that activities
conform to plan.

• It include quality
assurance, performance
appraisal, fiscal
accountability, legal &
ethical control and
professional control. .
 • Steps of control involves four
steps.
• • a. established of standards.
Controlling • • b. Measuring performance
• • c. Comparing the actual
results with the standards.
• • d. Correcting deviations
from standards.
 • Quality Control refers to
activities that are used to
evaluate, monitor or
regulate services rendered to
consumers.

Quality • Health-care quality degree

which health services for
Control individual and popul0ations
increases the likelihood of
desired health outcomes and
are consistent with current
professional knowledge
 Hallmarks of effective
quality control programs
• Supportive top-level
Quality administration
• Commitment by the
Control organization in terms of
fiscal and human resources
• Quality goals reflect search
for excellence rather than
minimums
• Process is ongoing
(continuous)
 •Systematic and official
examination of a record,
process structure
Nursing environment or account to
evaluate performance
Audit •Auditing in health care
provides managers with a
means of applying the
control process to
determine by the quality of
service rendered
Types of
Nursing Audit
Types of
Nursing Audit
Quality
Improvement
Model
Performance
Appraisal
Performance
Appraisal Tools
Performance
Appraisal Tools
Effective
Coaching
Effective
Coaching
 1. Safe and quality nursing
practice
2. Management of resources &
environment
Standards 3.
4.
Health education
Legal responsibility
of Nursing 5. Ethico-moral responsibility
Practice 6. Personal & professional
development
7. Quality improvement
8. Nursing Research
9. Record management
10. Communication
11. Collaboration & Teamwork
 •The Director of Nursing
Resource Management This
individual directs the
Management management of the staffing
Needs/Resources and payroll functions,
nursing supervisors, and
the nurse manager of the
organization.
 •The Staffing and Workforce
Office This office is
responsible for providing
support to the inpatient
Management nursing units and the
emergency department for
Needs/Resources scheduling, staffing and
workforce. Its
responsibilities include
daily staffing, maintaining
scheduling changes .
 •The Nursing Supervisors
direct and evaluate nursing
care and related activities of
Management the nursing units on the off-
Needs/Resources shifts and serve as the
administrative resource
person within the hospital.
 • Nurse Manager This
individual manages the
staff of the organization
and the 24-hour
operations of the holding
Management areas.
Needs/Resources •The Nursing Staff is
comprised of the
following positions:
registered nurse, certified
nursing assistants, unit
secretaries, and nursing
service aides.
Theories In
Leadership
Transactional and Transformational Leadership
 •Changes in the healthcare
organizations often take
places because workers
and consumers are aware
Change of their right to
Management participate in decision
making
 •Coercive change
•Emulative change
•Indoctrination
•Interactional change
Types of •Natural Change
Change •Socialization Change
•Technocratic change
•Planned Change
 •Conflict is as clash between
hostile or opposing parties
or ideas
Conflict
Management •Unhealthy but it
strengthen an
organization.
Quality
Improvement
Model
 Total Quality Management

•QA –Quality Assurance

•QC- Quality Control
•QI – Quality Improvement
Total Quality Management