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Module 2 - Socio Anthropological Perspectives of The Self

The document discusses perspectives on the development of self from socio-anthropological views. It explores how social relationships and interactions help define our sense of self. Specifically, it examines Charles Cooley's concept of the "looking glass self" where we see ourselves through the reflections of how others see us. It also discusses George Mead's perspective that we develop a sense of self by internalizing how others view us and taking on different social roles. The self emerges through social experiences like language, play, and games where we learn to take the perspectives of others.

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233 views49 pages

Module 2 - Socio Anthropological Perspectives of The Self

The document discusses perspectives on the development of self from socio-anthropological views. It explores how social relationships and interactions help define our sense of self. Specifically, it examines Charles Cooley's concept of the "looking glass self" where we see ourselves through the reflections of how others see us. It also discusses George Mead's perspective that we develop a sense of self by internalizing how others view us and taking on different social roles. The self emerges through social experiences like language, play, and games where we learn to take the perspectives of others.

Uploaded by

Rephraim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Socio

Anthropological
Perspectives of the
Self
Understanding the Self (PSY 1A)
Module #2
Social relationships define our self

How we think of ourselves is linked to the person


we are with at the moment
Socialization
 The interactive process through which
people learn
 Basic skills
 Values
 Beliefs
 Behavior patterns of a society

Within socialization, a person


develops a sense of self
OUR SENSE
OF
SELF

The most important aspect of yourself is


your
SELF!
There are three things extremely
hard,
Steel, a Diamond and to know
one’s self.
- Benjamin Franklin

TSU PSYCHOLOGY DEPT


SELF-CONCEPT DEFINED

The SELF-CONCEPT is the


sum total of beliefs we each
have about ourselves

TSU PSYCH DEPT


RECOGNIZING
ONESELF
Human infants begin to
recognize themselves in
the mirror when they are
about two years old

The Beginnings of the


Self Concept

TSU PSYCH DEPT


Being able to recognize
yourself as a distinct
entity is a necessary
first step in the
evolution and
development of a
SELF-CONCEPT.

The Beginnings of the


Self Concept
The Beginnings of the
Self Concept

The LOOKING GLASS SELF


(Charles Horton Cooley ( 1902)
Other people serve as a mirror in which we can see ourselves
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY

Charles Horton Cooley with his family


created the idea of
how primary groups
— parents, siblings,
play groups, elders
— are the
FOREMOST FORCE
IN DEVELOPING A
PERSON'S
CHARACTER.

TSU PSYCH DEPT


The Looking Glass Self

• Based on the idea of


REFLECTED APPRAISALS

• It states that our self-views


form as a result of our
perceptions of other people’s
opinions of us.
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY

• people develop a sense


of WHO THEY ARE AND
WHAT TO THINK OF
THEMSELVES by

watching the reactions of


the people in their
"primary group" as well as
those they meet
throughout their lives.
module by DR. GRACE ANNE C. HASEGAWA
The Looking Glass Self

"we gain a sense of who


we are by observing our
own actions …
but we also pay close
attention to what others
think of us — or to put it
more exactly, what we
think others think of us."
The Looking Glass Self

This notion is
especially applicable
to the way children
form their SELF-
ESTEEM.
The Looking Glass Self

Using social
interaction as a type
of “mirror,” people use
the judgments they
receive from others to
MEASURE THEIR OWN
WORTH, VALUES, AND
BEHAVIOR.
TSU PSYCHOLOGY DEPT
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY

The Looking Glass Self

Not all people’s


assessments
have the same
weight.
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY

The Looking Glass Self

the OPINIONS
OF
FAMILY AND CLOSE
RELATIONSHIPS
seem to be more relevant
to our self-concept
THAN THOSE OF
STRANGERS.
The process of the formation of our
SELF CONCEPT

1. We Imagine how
others SEE US
(An individual in a social
situation imagines how they
appear to others.)
The process of the formation of our
SELF CONCEPT

2. We Imagine how
others ASSESS US
(That individual imagines
others’ judgment of that
appearance.)
The process of the formation of our SELF CONCEPT

3. WE DEVELOP OUR
SELF-VIEWS
THROUGH THESE
JUDGEMENTS.
(The individual develops
feelings about and
responds to those
perceived judgments.)
TSU PSYCHOLOGY DEPT
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY

The Looking Glass Self

self-esteem doesn’t form


only as a result of self-
knowledge,
or how much we generally
like or dislike ourselves,
but is also A BY-PRODUCT
OF OUR SOCIAL
INTERACTIONS.
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY

The Looking Glass Self

self-concept is built not in


solitude, but rather within social
settings.
society and individuals are not
separate, but rather two
complementary aspects of the
same phenomenon.
We come to know ourselves
by imagining what significant
others think of us and then
INCORPORATING THESE
PERCEPTIONS into our self-
concept

(George Herbert Mead, 1934)

TSU PSYCHOLOGY DEPT


The Beginnings of the
Self Concept

Unfortunately,
PEOPLE’S SELF-
CONCEPTS OFTEN
DO NOT MATCH
what others actually
think of them.
(Felson, 1985, Shrauger &
Schoeneman, 1979)
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD

Sense of self stems from


the human
ability to be self-conscious,
to take ourselves as
objects of experience.
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD

A sense of self only arises as


WE BEGIN TAKING THE
PERSPECTIVES OF OTHERS
TOWARD OURSELVES,
internalizing them as our own
perspective and viewpoint on
“who I am.”
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD
The self, then, is an emergent
product of social experience.

Only by being able to take


others’ perspectives can we gain
a viewpoint from outside of our
own egos from which to think
about and evaluate our personal
identities.
THE CONCEPT OF “I” AND
“ME”
The “I” and the “Me” as a dynamic
relationship that actually forms what we call
the self.

The self, in other words, is the relationship


between the “I” and “Me.”

TSU PSYCHOLOGY DEPT


The “Me” is the
internalization of others’
perspectives on ourselves —the
perspective we get
of ourselves from
HOW OTHERS TREAT US
(as a man, for example,
or an “at-risk youth”).
The “I,” then, is the part of
us that responds to these
internalized attitudes—
HOW WE ACT BASED ON
OTHERS’ PERSPECTIVES
OF US .
The “I” ACTS
CREATIVELY IN
RESPONSE
TO THE “ME,”
conforming to the “Me,”
to be sure, but rarely in
a total way
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD

Social INTERACTION
WITH OTHERS
HELPS BUILD SELF-
PICTURE
of oneself.
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD

As he says when a human is


born there is no concept of
Self so therefore AT BIRTH
THERE IS NO
SOCIAL INTERACTION SO
THERE IS NO SELF. 
TSU PSYCHOLOGY DEPT
Three Main activities with
which the self develops

LANGUAGE
it allows one to act or take
the role of the others and
allows OTHERS TO PAY
FEEDBACK to his own
actions in terms of the
attitudes of others.
Three Main activities with
which the self develops

PLAY
Here PERSON TAKES
ON THE ROLES OF
OTHERS and also
pretend as them and
display the expectations of
others.
Three Main activities with
which the self develops

PLAY
This process of
playing different roles
is said to GENERATE
SELF-
CONSCIOUSNESS
and to generally
DEVELOP A FEELING
OF SELF.
Three Main activities with
which the self develops

GAMES
the person is said to make
attitudes part of ones
nature by learning the roles
of others, therefore who
are part of the game need
to follow the rules of the
game.
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD
People can
CHANGE THEIR ACTIONS
ACCORDING
TO THE SITUATIONS they
are involved in.

People CAN FORM THEIR


OWN MEANINGS of
different things
CHARACTERISTICS OF
THE SELF (Stevens, 1996)

THE SELF IS SEPARATE AND


DISTINCT
from other selves

 One cannot be another person


 One is unique and has its own identity
CHARACTERISTICS OF
THE SELF (Stevens, 1996)

THE SELF IS SELF CONTAINED AND


INDEPENDENT

 * It does not require any other self to exist


 It has its own thoughts, characteristics
and volition
CHARACTERISTICS OF
THE SELF (Stevens, 1996)

THE SELF IS CONSISTENT AND HAS


AN ENDURING PERSONALITY

 Traits, characteristics, tendencies and


potentialities are more or less the same
CHARACTERISTICS OF
THE SELF (Stevens, 1996)

THE SELF IS UNITARY

 It is the center of all experiences and


thoughts
 The command center where all
processes, emotions and thoughts
converge
CHARACTERISTICS OF
THE SELF (Stevens, 1996)

THE SELF IS PRIVATE

 Each person sorts out information,


feelings and emotions and thought
processes within the self
 The self lives in its own world
Toot Your Horn
 COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS BY WRITING THE
FIRST THING THAT COMES IN YOUR MIND:

 I like myself because…


 I’m an expert at…
 I feel good about…
 My friends would tell you I have a great…
 My favorite place is…
 I’m loved by…
People say I am a good…
I’ve been told I have pretty…
I consider myself a good…
What I enjoy most is…
The person I admire the most is…
I have a natural talent for…
Goals for my future are…
I know I will reach my goals
because I am…
People compliment me about…
I feel good when I…
I’ve been successful at…
I laugh when I think about…
The traits I admire myself for are…
I feel peaceful when…

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