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Introduction To Microbiology: by T. Topodzi Bpharm (Hons) University of Zimbabwe

This document provides an introduction to microbiology. It defines microbiology as the study of microscopic living organisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, and viruses. It discusses how Louis Pasteur is considered the father of microbiology for his work demonstrating that microorganisms cause fermentation and for developing vaccines. It also outlines the branches of microbiology including bacteriology, mycology, and medical microbiology. Finally, it explains why microbiology is important for areas like producing antibiotics, diagnosing diseases, treating waste, and ensuring sterility in pharmaceuticals.

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Von Valentine Mhute
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124 views

Introduction To Microbiology: by T. Topodzi Bpharm (Hons) University of Zimbabwe

This document provides an introduction to microbiology. It defines microbiology as the study of microscopic living organisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, and viruses. It discusses how Louis Pasteur is considered the father of microbiology for his work demonstrating that microorganisms cause fermentation and for developing vaccines. It also outlines the branches of microbiology including bacteriology, mycology, and medical microbiology. Finally, it explains why microbiology is important for areas like producing antibiotics, diagnosing diseases, treating waste, and ensuring sterility in pharmaceuticals.

Uploaded by

Von Valentine Mhute
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

MICROBIOLOGY
By T. Topodzi
BPharm(Hons) University of Zimbabwe
WHAT IS IT?
Definition
• The study of living organisms of microscopic size.
• These include:
1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Algae
4. Protozoa
5. Viruses
A BIT OF HISTORY
• The term microbiology was introduced by a French Chemist, Louis Pasteur a.k.a the father
of microbiology.

• He demonstrated that fermentation was caused by the growth of bacteria and yeast.

• Developed anthrax and rabies vaccines.


MICROBIOLOGY CNTD….
• These microorganism cannot be seen by naked eyes, they are only seen under the
microscope.

• Microorganisms are present everywhere on earth, including human beings, animals, plants,
soil, water, food and atmosphere.

• Microorganisms may be beneficial or harmful to human beings.


BRANCHES OF MICROBIOLOGY
Pure science
• • Bacteriology (study of bacteria)
• • Mycology (study of fungi)
• • Protozoology (study of protozoa)
• • Algology (study of algae)
• • Parasitology (study of parasites)
• • Genetics (study of heredity and variation)
• • Immunology (study of mechanism involved in the development of resistance by body to
infectious diseases)
BRANCHES OF MICROBIOLOGY
Applied science
• • Medical microbiology
• • Pharmaceutical microbiology
• • Industrial microbiology
• • Food microbiology
• • Soil microbiology
• • Agriculture microbiology
• • Aquatic microbiology
• • Air microbiology
• • Epidemiology
MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

• It deals with the study of causative agents of infectious diseases in human beings.

• Medical microbiology has close links with other disciplines such as pathology, clinical
medicine, pharmacology and therapeutics..
PHARMACEUTICAL
MICROBIOLOGY
• It deals with the study of microorganisms which are responsible for the production of
antibiotics, enzymes, vaccines, vitamins and other pharmaceuticals substances.

• It also includes the method of sterilization and disinfection, microbiological testing of


pharmaceuticals, sterile product preparation and diagnosis of disease and treatment
CLASSIFICATION OF CELLS

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

Genetic material is Genetic material is


not enclosed by the enclosed by the
nuclear membrane. nuclear membrane

Absence of nuclear Presence of nuclear


membrane membrane.
WHY IS MICROBIOLOGY IMPORTANT?

1. Production of antibiotic Eg: penicillin from penicillium.


2. Production of enzymes , vaccines, biosurfactants,alcoholic and other pharmaceutical product.
3. Diagnosis of disease and treatment Eg: ELISA, Widal test.
4. Treatment of industrial waste and material
5. Plant growth promotion
6. Sterile product preparation
7. Sterilization ( process of killing microorganisms). Eg: moist heat sterilization, dry heat sterilization, and
membrane filtration.
8. Steroid biotransformation. Eg: progesterone, testosterone.
9. Identification of microorganisms. Eg: morphological, cultural or microscopic study.
10. Testing of Pharmaceuticals products and raw materials.

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