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This document describes common surgical instruments used for retracting and exposing tissue, cutting, clamping blood vessels, and grasping tissues. It provides details on retractors like the Deaver and Richardson, cutting instruments like knife blades and scissors, clamps like the hemostat and Kelly clamp, and grasping tools like forceps, needle holders, and towel clips. The document explains the purpose and use of each type of basic surgical instrument.

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Edmar Tabinas
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159 views

Or Instruments

This document describes common surgical instruments used for retracting and exposing tissue, cutting, clamping blood vessels, and grasping tissues. It provides details on retractors like the Deaver and Richardson, cutting instruments like knife blades and scissors, clamps like the hemostat and Kelly clamp, and grasping tools like forceps, needle holders, and towel clips. The document explains the purpose and use of each type of basic surgical instrument.

Uploaded by

Edmar Tabinas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BASIC SURGICAL

INSTRUMENTS
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• used to hold back or retract organs or tissue to gain exposure
to the operative site.   They are either "self-retaining" (stay
open on their own) or "manual" (held by hand).  When
identifying retractors, look at the blade, not the handle.
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• A Deaver retractor (manual) is used to retract deep
abdominal or chest incisions.  Available in various widths.
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• A Richardson retractor (manual) is used to retract deep
abdominal or chest incisions
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• An Army-Navy retractor (manual) is used to retract shallow
or superficial incisions.  Other names: USA, US Army.
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• A goulet (manual) is used to retract shallow or superficial
incisions.
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• A malleable or ribbon retractor (manual) is used to retract
deep wounds.  May be bent to various shapes. 
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• A Weitlaner retractor (self-retaining) is used to retract
shallow incisions.
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• A Gelpi retractor (self-retaining) is used to retract shallow
incisions. 
Retracting and Exposing
Instruments
• A Balfour with bladder blade (self-retaining) is used to
retract wound edges during deep abdominal procedures.
Cutting and Dissecting
Instruments
• are sharp and are used to cut body tissue or surgical
supplies.

Knife Handle, Scissors


(left to right)
Cutting and Dissecting
Instruments
• 7 handle with 15 blade (deep knife) - Used to cut deep,
delicate tissue.
• 3 handle with 10 blade (inside knife) – Used to cut
superficial tissue.
• 4 handle with 20 blade (skin knife) - Used to cut skin.

#7, #3, #4
(left to right)
Cutting and Dissecting
Instruments
• Straight Mayo scissors - Used to cut suture and supplies. 
Also known as: Suture scissors.

EX:  Straight Mayo scissors being used to cut suture.


Cutting and Dissecting
Instruments
• Curved Mayo scissors - Used to cut heavy tissue (fascia,
muscle, uterus, breast).  Available in regular and long sizes.
Cutting and Dissecting
Instruments
• Metzenbaum scissors - Used to cut delicate tissue. 
Available in regular and long sizes.
Clamping and Occluding
Instruments
• are used to compress blood vessels or hollow organs for
hemostasis or to prevent spillage of contents.
Clamping and Occluding
Instruments
• A hemostat is used to clamp blood vessels or tag sutures. 
Its jaws may be straight or curved.  Other names: crile, snap
or stat.
Clamping and Occluding
Instruments
• A mosquito is used to clamp small blood vessels.  Its jaws
may be straight or curved.

hemostat, mosquito (left to right)


Clamping and Occluding
Instruments
• A Kelly is used to clamp larger vessels and tissue.   Available
in short and long sizes.  Other names: Rochester Pean.

Kelly, hemostat, mosquito (left to right)


Clamping and Occluding
Instruments
• A burlisher is used to clamp deep blood vessels.   Burlishers
have two closed finger rings.  Burlishers with an open finger
ring are called tonsil hemostats. Other names: Schnidt
tonsil forcep, Adson forcep.
Clamping and Occluding
Instruments
• A right angle is used to clamp hard-to-reach vessels and to
place sutures behind or around a vessel.  A right angle with
a suture attached is called a "tie on a passer."  Other names:
Mixter.
Clamping and Occluding
Instruments
• A hemoclip applier with hemoclips applies metal clips onto
blood vessels and ducts which will remain occluded.

hemoclip applier with hemoclips


Grasping and Holding Instruments
• are used to hold tissue, drapes or sponges.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• An Allis is used to grasp tissue.  Available in short and long
sizes.  A "Judd-Allis" holds intestinal tissue; a "heavy allis"
holds breast tissue.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• A Babcock is used to grasp delicate tissue (intestine,
fallopian tube, ovary).  Available in short and long sizes.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• A Kocher is used to grasp heavy tissue.   May also be used
as a clamp.  The jaws may be straight or curved.  Other
names: Ochsner.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• A Foerster sponge stick is used to grasp sponges.  Other
names: sponge forcep.

Foerster sponge stick EX:  Sponge sticks holding a 4 X 4

and probang.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• A dissector is used to hold a peanut.

EX:  Dissector holding a peanut.


dissector
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• A Backhaus towel clip is used to hold towels and drapes in
place.  Other name: towel clip.

Backhaus towel clip Large & small towel clips


Grasping and Holding Instruments
• Pick ups, thumb forceps and tissue forceps are available in
various lengths, with or without teeth, and smooth or
serrated jaws.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• Russian tissue forceps are used to grasp tissue.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• Adson pick ups are either smooth: used to grasp delicate
tissue; or with teeth: used to grasp the skin.  Other names:
Dura forceps.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• Long smooth pick-ups are called dressing forceps.   Short
smooth pick-ups are used to grasp delicate tissue.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• DeBakey forceps are used to grasp delicate tissue,
particularly in cardiovascular surgery.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• Thumb forceps are used to grasp tough tissue (fascia,
breast).   Forceps may either have many teeth or a single
tooth.    Single tooth forceps are also called "rat tooth
forceps."

single tooth forceps,  many teeth forceps


(top to bottom)
Grasping and Holding Instruments
• Mayo-Hegar needle holders are used to hold needles when
suturing.  They may also be placed in the sewing category.

short, medium & long EX: Needle holder with suture.


(top to bottom)

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