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Research Methodology: by Asaye Gebrewold (PHD Candidate)

This document outlines the key components of a research methodology, including defining research and its purposes such as exploration, description, and explanation. It discusses developing research objectives, operational definitions, conducting a literature review, determining sample size and sampling procedures, identifying study variables, data collection and quality assurance procedures, ethical considerations, data management and analysis plans, and providing references. The overall purpose is to guide the development of a systematic, logical, and evidence-based research process.

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natnael haile
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85 views17 pages

Research Methodology: by Asaye Gebrewold (PHD Candidate)

This document outlines the key components of a research methodology, including defining research and its purposes such as exploration, description, and explanation. It discusses developing research objectives, operational definitions, conducting a literature review, determining sample size and sampling procedures, identifying study variables, data collection and quality assurance procedures, ethical considerations, data management and analysis plans, and providing references. The overall purpose is to guide the development of a systematic, logical, and evidence-based research process.

Uploaded by

natnael haile
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Research Methodology

By Asaye Gebrewold (PhD candidate)


What is Research?

1. Systematic – research process


2. Logical – induction/deduction
3. Empirical – evidence based
4. Reductive – generalisation
5. Replicable – methodology.
Purposes of Research
 Exploration
 gaining some familiarity with a topic, discovering some of its main dimensions, and
possibly planning more structured research
 Description
 Census Bureau’s report on number of Ethiopians
 Political poll predicting who will win an election
 Anthropologist’s ethnographic account of a preliterate tribe
 Explanation
 Take it one step further
Introduction
 Background
• Setting out current status of the problem based on previous key research
and facts set in a broader perspective; the research context or preview

 Statement of the problem


What is the magnitude of the problem globally, regionally and
nationally with specific emphasis in the research area?
Objectives
It includes general and specific objectives
Specific objectives should be SMART
It is better if specific objectives are not more than two unless you
have relevant and very critical reasons for more.
It can be expressed in the form of research question, positive
statement or hypothesis
Rationale of the study

Why are you intending to do this research?


What is the knowledge gap that you identified from
your literature review?
What kind of gap are you planning to fill?
Operational definitions
 Provide definitions for terms that require definition for your own operational
activities
 Please note that you do not need to define terms that have a well known scientific
definition
 are usually given to variables and values (For instance if you study knowledge,
you need to define a cut off point to classify your respondents as those who have
knowledge and those who have no knowledge based on your questions)
Literature review
What do literatures say about your study topic?
What is the existing knowledge pertinent to the subject under study?
What is the report from different studies?
Do reports from other studies contradict or supplement one another in
what ways do they supplement or contradict?
Develop a conceptual framework based on your review
Methods

• Research Approach
• Quantitative or/and Qualitative
• Study design
• Survey
• Correlational
• Case study
• Longitudinal
• Crosssectional
Sample size determination
Describe how you arrived at your sample size
What formula you used and why and how you
used it?
Why did you choose the specified elements of the
formula?
Sampling procedure

 Describe what kind of sampling technique you are going to use


 Describe clearly the procedure or the steps how you apply these
sampling technique in the field ( if there are steps in the procedure
clearly describe the procedure in a logical sequence until you pick the
study participants)
Study Variables

List all variables of the study both dependent and


independent
Data collection procedures, and quality
assurance
 What type of data are you going to collect?
 How are you going to collect the data? Describe the data collection procedure in detail including the pretesting of your tools and how,
where and on whom you are going to do your pretest
 Describe the tool (questionnaire) you are going to use
 Describe the data collectors and the training period and with what module you are going to train them
 Who are the respondents?
 Where are you going to administer the questionnaire?
 When are you going to administer the questionnaire? (Period/time)
 How are you going to monitor the quality of data during collection?
Ethical considerations
Data management and Data analysis

 Describe your data management procedure with the following


sequence: coding, entering, cleaning, storing, recoding and the
software to be used
 Describe the statistical method you are going to use for analysis
(descriptive and/or analytic, use of univariate and/or multivariate
analysis, etc)
• References

• Annexes
• Thank You!!

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