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Communicative Strategy Has 3 Parts

Speech act theory proposes that when a speaker makes an utterance, they perform three acts: the locutionary act (literal meaning), the illocutionary act (intended function or social purpose), and the perlocutionary act (effect on the listener). Some examples of illocutionary acts are requests, complaints, invitations, and refusals. Performative utterances have a built-in function so that saying something enacts or brings about the action referred to, like pronouncing a couple married in a wedding ceremony.

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Violly Chyril Bugtong
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69 views

Communicative Strategy Has 3 Parts

Speech act theory proposes that when a speaker makes an utterance, they perform three acts: the locutionary act (literal meaning), the illocutionary act (intended function or social purpose), and the perlocutionary act (effect on the listener). Some examples of illocutionary acts are requests, complaints, invitations, and refusals. Performative utterances have a built-in function so that saying something enacts or brings about the action referred to, like pronouncing a couple married in a wedding ceremony.

Uploaded by

Violly Chyril Bugtong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Communicative Strategy

has 3 parts:
Let’s Warm Up
Direction: Choose the letter of your answer.

2. What do you think does the speaker


mean when he/she says, “Can you open
the door?”
a. The speaker wants to know if I have the ability
to open the door.
b. The speaker is requesting me to open
the door.
c. The speaker does not make sense.
d. The speaker is asking me a question.
Let’s Warm Up
Direction: Choose the letter of your answer.

3. You and your friend who has a fever


enter your room. She shivers and tells you,
“It’s cold in here!” How would you interpret
what she said?
a. She feels cold.
b. She wants me to increase the temperature in
the room.
c. She does not feel well because of the cold.
d. She is complimenting the temperature in my
room.
Let’s Warm Up
Direction: Choose the letter of your answer.

4. Based on the scenario in item number 3,


what would your next action be?
a. I will thank my friend.
b. I will agree with her and say that the room is
cold.
c. I will increase the temperature to decrease the
coldness.
d. I will ignore my friend.
Let’s Warm Up
Direction: Choose the letter of your answer.

5. In which of the following statements is


the speaker making a commitment?
a. “I checked her Facebook
profile yesterday.”
b. “I’m in love and I’m happy.”
c. “I promise to love you for better or
for worse.”
d. “I think following my suggestion will get
us a high grade.”
A speech act is an utterance that a
speaker makes to achieve and
intended effect.
Some functions carried out using speech act:
• offering an apology
• greeting
• request
• complaint
• invitation
• compliment
• refusal
This was according to
John Langshaw Austin
(1962), a philosopher and
the developer of the
Speech Act Theory.
1. LOCUTIONARY
ACT is the actual
act or the literal
meaning of “Please
uttering.
do the
“UTTERANCE ” dishes.”
2. ILLOCUTIONARY
ACT is the social
function of what By uttering the
is said. locution “Please do
What’s the the dishes.” the
particular intention speaker requests
in making of the the addressee to
utterance? wash the dishes.

“INTENTION”
3. PERLOCUTIONARY
ACT is the
resulting act “Please do the
what is said.
of dishes” would lead
This effect is to the addressee
basedparticular
the on washing the dishes.
context in which
the speech act
was mentioned.

“RESPONSE”
TYPES OF SPEECH ACT

There are also indirect


speech acts which occur
when there is no direct
connection between the
form of the utterance and
intended meaning.
INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS

“Can you pass the rice?


Inferred Speech act:
Do you have the ability to hand
over the rice?
Indirect speech act:
Please pass the rice.
TYPES OF SPEECH ACT

Austin also introduced the concept of


PERFORMATIVE
UTTERANCES
-statements which enable the
speaker to perform something just
by stating it.
- said by the right person under
the right circumstances results in
a change in the world.
- note that certain conditions have
PERFORMATIVE UTTERANCES

For example, the phrase “I now


pronounce you husband
and
wife,” when uttered by an
authorized person such as
judge or priest have
will
actual the
effect of binding a couple
in marriage.
a.‘I do (sc. take this woman to be my lawful
wedded wife)’ – as uttered in the course of the
marriage ceremony.
b.‘I name this ship the Queen Elizabeth’ –
accompanied by the smashing of a bottle
against the hull of the ship.
c.‘I give and bequeath my watch to my
brother’ – as occurring in a will.
Let’s Work and Learn
1. ASSERTIVE
The speaker expresses belief
about the truth of proposition.
Acts: suggesting, putting forward,
swearing, boasting, and
concluding
Example:
“No one makes
better pancakes than
I do.”
2. DIRECTIVE
The speaker tries to make the
addressee perform an action.
Acts: asking, ordering, requesting,
inviting, advising,
and begging
Example:
“Please close
thedoor.”
3. Commissive
Commits the speaker to doing
something in the future.
Acts: promising, planning,
vowing, and betting.
EXAMPLE
“From now on, I will
participate in our group
activity.”
4. EXPRESSIVE
The speaker expresses his/her
feelings or emotional reactions.
Acts: thanking, apologizing,
welcoming, and
deploring.
EXAMPLE
“I am so sorry for not helping out
in our
group projects and letting you do
all
the work.”
5.
DECLARATION
A change in the external
situation.
Acts: blessing, firing,
baptizing, bidding, passing a
sentence, and
excommunicating.
EXAMPLE
“You are
fired!”
By saying that
someone is fired, an
employer causes or
brings about the
person’s
unemployment, thus
changing his external
situation
CONSTATIVE
Constative utterances describe states of affairs which
are either true or false. They are utterances which
describe the world and in so doing ascertain or state
something. Constatives mostly (though not
necessarily) have the form of declarative sentences,
they refer to the act of saying something, and, as
mentioned above, they are truth-evaluable or at
least purport to describe reality (cf. Petrey 1990:4).
• Examples of Constatives Snow is white. (true)
• Snow is red. (false)

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