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HEALTH 9 - Lecture 6 First Aid Basics and Vital Signs

1. The document discusses guidelines for providing first aid, including checking the scene for safety, calling for help, and caring for victims. 2. When checking the scene, first aiders should consider factors like potential dangers, the cause of injury, and the role of bystanders before providing care. 3. Calling for help involves activating emergency services and providing key details about the incident. Primary and secondary assessments check victims' responsiveness, airway, breathing, and circulation along with other vital signs.

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Zeus Macatangay
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539 views

HEALTH 9 - Lecture 6 First Aid Basics and Vital Signs

1. The document discusses guidelines for providing first aid, including checking the scene for safety, calling for help, and caring for victims. 2. When checking the scene, first aiders should consider factors like potential dangers, the cause of injury, and the role of bystanders before providing care. 3. Calling for help involves activating emergency services and providing key details about the incident. Primary and secondary assessments check victims' responsiveness, airway, breathing, and circulation along with other vital signs.

Uploaded by

Zeus Macatangay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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First Aid Basics and Vital Signs

Lecture # 6
Learning Objectives
• discuss basic information about t aid (principles, roles,
responsibilities, and characteristics of a good aider)
• assess emergency situations for unintentional injuries
properly
• consider the safety of all as an utmost priority at home,
school, and community.
Essential Questions
• Why would you be
concerned with first aid?

• Why should you learn to


do first aid?
General Guidelines in giving First Aid

1. Check the surroundings.


- lifting and moving
2. Call for help.
- primary assessment
- secondary assessment
3. Care for the victim
- giving first aid
- transport
1. Check the surroundings
• SCENE SAFETY AND STABILITY
• KNOWING WHAT HAPPENED
• CAUSE OF INJURY
• NATURE OF ILLNESS
• ROLE OF BYSTANDERS
• NUMBER OF CASUALTIES
• ASKING PERMISSION OR CONSENT
Lifting and Moving

• EMERGENCY MOVE – MOVEMENT TO A SAFE PLACE BEFORE INITIAL


ASSESSMENT AND CARE IS PROVIDED, TYPICALLY BECAUSE THERE IS SOME
POTENTIAL DANGER
• NON-EMERGENCY MOVE – MOVEMENT WHEN BOTH THE SCENE AND PERSON
ARE STABLE

• DO NOT MOVE AN INJURED OR ILL PERSON WHILE GIVING CARE EXCEPT IN


THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS:
– WHEN FACED WITH IMMEDIATE DANGER SUCH AS FIRE, LACK OF OXYGEN, RISK OF
EXPLOSION OR A COLLAPSING STRUCTURE
– WHEN THERE IS A NEED TO GET TO ANOTHER PERSON WHO MAY HAVE A MORE
SERIOUS PROBLEM; IN THIS CASE A PERSON WITH MINOR INJURIES MAY BE
MOVED TO REACH SOMEONE NEEDING IMMEDIATE CARE
– WHEN IT IS NECESSARY TO BE ABLE TO GIVE PROPER CARE; IF THE SURFACE OR
SPACE IS NOT ADEQUATE FOR GIVING THE NECESSARY CARE (EX. CPR NEEDS A
FIRM, FLAT SURFACE)
Guidelines in lifting and moving

• ONLY ATTEMPT TO MOVE PERSONS WHO YOU ARE SURE YOU CAN COMFORTABLY
HANDLE
• BEND YOUR BODY AT THE KNEES AND HIPS
• LIFT WITH YOUR LEGS, NOT WITH YOUR BACK
• WALK CAREFULLY USING SHORT STEPS
• WHEN POSSIBLE, MOVE FORWARD RATHER THAN BACKWARD
• ALWAYS LOOK AT WHERE YOU ARE GOING
• SUPPORT THE HEAD, NECK, AND BACK, IF NECESSARY
• IF SUPINE, LIFT AND CARRY THE BODY AS ONE UNIT
• AVOID BENDING OR TWISTING VICTIM WITH A POSSIBLE HEAD, NECK, OR BACK INJURY
• USE THE LOG-ROLL TECHNIQUE WHEN PLACING A BLANKET OR A SPINE BOARD UNDER
THE VICTIM IN PREPARATION FOR A CARRY.
2. Call for help - Primary Assessment
-CAN BE DONE WITH THE PATIENT IN THE POSITION IN WHICH
YOU FIND HIM/HER AND BEGIN'S WITH CHECKING THE PATIENT'S
RESPONSIVENESS 1. Airway
head tilt chin maneuver
– Assessing responsiveness modified jaw thrust maneuver
• Alert
2. Breathing
• Responsive to voice LLF (look, listen, feel)
• Responsive to pain
• Unresponsive/unconscious 3. Circulation
1. Pulse (carotid for adult or child, brachial
– Activate medical help pulse for infant)
• Call first or care first 2. Bleeding
– Call first – cardiac emergencies 3. Shock
– Care first – airway emergencies 4. Skin
• INFORMATION TO BE REMEMBERED:
– WHAT HAPPENED?
– LOCATION
– NUMBER OF INJURED OR ILL
– CAUSE AND EXTENT OF INJURY , NATURE OF ILLNESS, AND FIRST AID GIVEN
– PHONE NUMBER FROM WHERE CALL IS MADE
– NAME OF PERSON WHO CALLED MEDICAL HELP (MUST HANG UP THE PHONE LAST)
Consiousness
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
2. Call for help- Secondary Assessment
• CHECK THE PERSON FROM HEAD TO
– if not an immediately life- TOE
threatening condition’: HEAD – TOP, EYES, CHEEK, MOUTH,
JAW
• Interview (sample approach) NECK TO NAPE
– signs and symptoms SHOULDER - PUSH DOWN AND
– Allergies INWARD
– Medications “ALIGNED AND INTACT”
CHEST – MALE: UPPER, MIDDLE,
– Pertinent past medical history
LOWER
– Last intake and output - FEMALE: UPPER, LOWER
– Events leading up to injury or illness STERNUM – USE BLADES OF HANDS
D Deformity
(PRAY POSITION); “STERNUM IS
C Contusion INTACT AND ALIGNED”
ABDOMEN – PALPATE USING 2 OR 4 FINGERS OF
A Abrasion EACH HAND: LL,LU,RU,RL
“NO TENDERNESS AND SWELLING”
P Puncture HIPS – PUSH DOWN AND INWARD; NO CREPITUS;
“ÏNTACT AND ALIGNED”
B Burn or bleeding LEGS – FARTHER TO CLOSER LEG
ARMS – FARTHER TO CLOSER ARM
T Tenderness (pain upon palpation) BACK- SIDE LYING, SUPPORT CHEEK WITH
BOTTOM ARM, LEGS CROSSED, HOLD SHOULDER
L Laceration AND HIP AWAY FROM YOU

S welling • CHECK FOR VITAL SIGNS


3. Care for the victim
• Stay calm and focused. Ensure the victim that help is
coming. Provide physical assistance and emotional
support.
• Giving First Aid
• - heimlich maneuver
• - CPR
• - bandaging and dressing of wounds

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