Chapter 11

Planning Reports and

Proposals

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 Types of Reports

Content and Layout

Frequency

Audience
Informational
Informational Analytical
Analytical
Proposals
Proposals
Reports
Reports Reports
Reports

Length and Complexity

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Applying the Three-Step Process
to Reports and Proposals

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 Analyzing the Situation

Define Your Prepare the

Purpose Work Plan

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 Gathering Information

Purpose Audience

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 Selecting the Right Medium

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 Organizing Your Information

Direct
Direct Approach
Approach Indirect
Indirect Approach
Approach

Conclusions
Conclusions and
and Overall
Overall Findings
Findings
Recommendations
Recommendations

Overall
Overall Findings
Findings Discussion
Discussion and
and Support
Support

Conclusions
Conclusions and
and
Objective
Objective Support
Support Recommendations
Recommendations
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 Supporting Your Messages
with Reliable Info.

1. Plan your research

2. Locate data and information
3. Process data and information
4. Apply your findings
5. Manage information efficiently
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 Planning Your Research

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Locating Data and Information

Secondary Primary
Research Research

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 Evaluating Your Sources

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 Evaluating Your Sources

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 Using Your Research Results:
Textual Information

 Analyzing Data
 Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing
Information
 Drawing Conclusions
 Making Recommendations
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 Conducting
Conducting Secondary
Secondary Research
Research

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 Conducting Secondary
Research

Inside Company Outside Company

Reports
Reports and
and Memos
Memos Print
Print Resources
Resources

Other
Other Documents
Documents Online
Online Resources
Resources

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 Finding Information at a
Library

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 Finding Information Online:
Search Tools

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 Finding Information Online:
Monitoring Tools
Track Industry Trends, Consumer
Sentiment, and Other Information:
 Newsfeeds: Blogs, Websites
 Microblogs: Twitter
 Alerts: Search Engines, Online
Databases
 Specialized Monitors: Tweetbeep,
TweetDeck
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 Conducting
Conducting Primary
Primary Research
Research

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 Selecting Primary Research
Methods

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 Conducting Surveys

Avoid Sampling Bias

Reliable Valid
Sample Sample

Representative Sampling

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 Conducting Interviews

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Types of Informational Reports

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 Organizing
Informational Reports

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 Organizing Website Content

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 Planning
Analytical Reports
Assess Solve Support
Opportunities Problems Decisions

MarketAnalysis
Market Analysis Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Feasibility
Feasibility

DueDiligence
Due Diligence FailureAnalysis
Failure Analysis Justification
Justification

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 Methods of Organization

Skeptical Audience Attitude Receptive

Focus
Focuson
onConclusions
Conclusions

Focus
Focuson
onRecommendations
Recommendations

Focus
Focuson
onLogical
LogicalArguments
Arguments

Indirect Preferred Strategy Direct

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 Planning Proposals

Internal
Internal Proposals
Proposals External
External Proposals
Proposals

Management
Management Support
Support Investment
Investment Proposals
Proposals

New
New Equipment
Equipment Grant
Grant Proposals
Proposals

Research
Research Projects
Projects Sales
Sales Proposals
Proposals

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 Types of Proposals

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