WASTE

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMNT SYSTEM SORTING AT SOURCE

SOLID WASTE IS GENERATED FROM VARIOUS HUMAN MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: IT SHALL BE PLANNED BASED ON EXISTING MARKETS
ACTIVITIES AND WHICH IS NORMALLY DISPOSED AS 1. WASTE SORTING AT SOURCE ,COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION AND RECYCLABLE MATERIALS
USELESS AND UNWANTED , IT DPEND UPON THE TYPE 2. RESOURCE RECOVERY THROUGH CENTRLIZED SORTING AND RECYCLING METHODS OF SORTING :
BUILDING AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT , IT INCLUDE SOLID 3. RESOURCE RECOVERY THROUGH WASTE PROCESSING THAT IS, RECOVERY 1. BULKY WASTE
OR SEMI SOLID DOMESTIC WASTE SUCH AS SANITARY OF ENERGY 2. BIO WASTE OR GARDEN WASTE
WASTE, COMMERCIAL WASTE , OFFICE , ETC. 4. WASTE TRANSFORMATION WITHOUT TRECOVERY 3. CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE
4. HAZARDOUS MATERIAL
5. DRY RECYCLABLE MATERIAL
FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF MUNICIPAL:
TYPES OF SORTING:
6. HAND SORTING FROM RAISE PICKING BELT
BASED ON SOURCE GENERATION SOLID 7. MECHANIZED SORTING FACILITIES
WASTE IS CATEGORIZED: REFUSE CHUTE SYSTEM
1. DOMESTIC WASTE TRANSFER
AND IT IS A CONVENIENT AND SAFE MODE OF TRANSPORTATION AND
2. HORTICULTURE WASTE
TRANSPORT WASTE COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE S FROM BUILDING
3. INDUSTRIAL WASTE
GENERATION EXCEEDING 5 STOREYS FROM FLOORS AT DIFFERENT HEIGHT.
4. INSTITUTIONAL AND COMMERCIAL WASTE
THE CHUTE MAY CARRIED THROUGH SERVICE SHAFTS MENS CARRYING
WASTE DRAINAGE PIPES
HANDLING,SORT REFUSE COLLECTION ROOM
TRANSFER AND
ING,STORGE IT SHOULD BE PLANNED IN GROUND OR BASEMENT LEVEL EITH
TRANSPORT
APPROPRIATE VENTILATION
DOMESTIC WASTE AND PROPER DRAINAGE.
REFUSE COLLECTION CHAMBER
IT IS LOACTED IN GROUND OR BASEMENT LEVEL , PROVIDED
BASED ON SUITABILITY FOR HANDLING ASSESMENT PER CAPITA APPROPRIATE ARRANGEMENT
WASTE QUANTITY: IS MADE FOR DRAINAGE OF THE COLLECTION PIT BY GRAVITY FLOW.
AND DISPOSAL : 1. RESIDENTIAL USE – 0.3 TO 0.6
1. GARBAGE
kg/capita/day
2. MUNICIPAL WASTE
2. COMMERCIAL USE – 0.1 TO 0.2
3. HAZARDOUS WASTE
kg/capita/day
4. BIO MEDICAL WASTE
COMMERCIAL WASTE 3. STREET SWEEPINGS – 0.05 TO 0.2
5. PLASTIC
kg/capita/day
4. INSTITUTIONAL REFUSE – 0.05 TO
TREATMENT OF SOLID 0.2 kg/capita/day
COMPOSTING
DECOMPOSITION AND STABILIZATION OF ORGANIC WASTE MATTER ISA NATURAL
WASTE PHENOME
GARBAGE COLLECTED AT ONE LOCATION NON , COMPOSTING IS AN ORGANIZED METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOST
MAY BE TREATED FOR ORGANIC MANURE BY
PORTION , ANDINORGANIC PORTION SHALL ADOPTING NATURAL PHENOMENON.
BE HANDED TOVENDORS CARRYING 1. MANUAL COMPOSTING
RECYCLING. 2. MECHANICAL COMPOSTING
BIOLOGICAL PROCESS: 3. VERMI COMPOSTING
1. ANAEROBIC PROCESS
2. AEROBIC PROCESS

ACT FOR ENVIRONMENT:

1. THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT ,1986
2. THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES ,2016 REFUSE CHUTE SYSTEM
3. THE BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT,2016
4. THE E- WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES,2016
5. THE PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES, 2016
6. THE BATTERIES (MANAGEMENT AND HANDLING
RULES) ,2016
7. THE HAZARDOUS AND OTHER WASTE VERMI COMPOSTING
MANAGEMENT RULES,2016

LAND FILLING
MANUAL COMPOSTING DISPOSAL OF WASTE ON LANDS IDENTIFIED FOR THE PURPOSE IS TYPICAL
OF THIS METHOD OF WASTE DISPOSAL , THE DEPTH OF FILLING DEPENDS
UPON THE SITE TOPOGRAPHY AND LOCATION
THERMAL PROCESS LANDFILL SITES ARE:
1. PYROLISIS SYSTEM 1. SPECIFICATION FOR LANDFILL SITES
2. GASIFICATION SYSTEM 2. SITE SELECTION
3. COMBUSTION SYSTEM 3. FACILITIES AT SITE
MECHANICAL COMPOSTING LAND FILLING
4. SPECIFICATION OF LAND FILLING

• SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

SERVICES
 CONTENT : • IWASTE
• SOLID WASTE • TREATMENT
• WASTE QUANTITY • REFUSE CHUTE SYSTEM
 LIFT TYPES OF LIFT( ON BASIS OF FUNCTION) TYPES OF LIFT( ON BASIS OF USE)

•A VERTICAL TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT THAT EFFCIENTLY

MOVES PEOPLE BETWEEN FLOORS ( LEVEL,DECKS) OF A
BUILDING,VESSELS OR ANY OTHER STRUCTURE.
• GENERALLY, POWERED BY A ELECTRIC MOTOR THAT PASSENGER LIFT VEHICLE LIFT GOODS LIFT
DRIVE BY A TRACTION CABLE AND COUNTERWEIGHT HYDRAULIC
SYSTEM LIKE A HOIST AOR A HYDRAULIC PUMP. ELECTRIC
LIFT
LIFT DUMPWAITER LIFT
SCISSOR LIFT

NEED AND IMPORANCE:

•RAPID DEVELOPMENT- BUILDING DESIGNED NOWDAYS BUILT
VERTICALLY DUE TO INCREASED LAND COST AND ELECTRIC LIFT
DEVELOPMENT.4
•COMFORT- TO PROVIDE EFFICIENT AND SAFE VERTICAL •ELECTRIC LIFT – IT IS BASICALLY ELECTRO-
TRANSPORTATION TO PEOPLE IN VERTICAL BUILDINGS. MECHANICAL ENABLED GEARLESS TRACTION ELECTRIC
•TRANSPORTATION OF PATIENTS IN HOSPITALS AND VERTICAL TECHNOLOGY TO SEND PEOPLE TO SEND PEOPLE TO
TRANSPORTATION OF HANDICAPPED PEOPLE. HIGHER BUILDING.
•TO INCREASE WORKING EFFICIENCY OF OFFICES AND LARGE
ORGANIZATIONS. T •HYDRAULIC LIFT- THESE ARE POWDERED BY PISTON
THAT TRAVELS INSIDE A CYLINDER, AN ELECTRIC MOTOR VEHICLE LIFT
HYDRAULIC LIFT PUMPS HYDRAULIC OILI NTO THE CYCLINDER TO MOVE
PISTON.
COMPONENTS OF LIFTS SCISSOR LIFT
•LIFT CAR- IT IS VERTICALLY MOVING CHAMBER IN WHICH PASSENGER
OR GOODS ARE TRANSPORTED, IT IS MAINLY CONSTRUCTED OF STEEL
AND IRON ATTACHED WITH STEEL FRAME.
•LIFT DOOR- THE UTILIZATION OF DOOR IS RECOMENDED AS THEY USAGE OF LIFT
REDUCE THE ROUND TRIP TIME AND HELP IN IMPROVING THE •TRADE LIFT- USED IN OFFICES, BUILDINGS,HOTELS ETC.
EFFICIENCY OF LIFT. •HOSPITAL LIFT-USED IN HOSPITAL AND TREATMENT
•LIFT SHAFT- IT IS ALSO CALLED ALIFT HOIST, IT IS CONSTRUCTED WITH CENTERS.
RCC TO ACCOMMODATE THE LOADING AND FIRE RESISTANCE, THE SIZE •CAR LIFT- USED TO LIFT CARI IN MULTI STOREY CAR
IS DECIDED ON THE BASIS OF USERS. PARKING.
•FIRE LIFT- LIFT CONTROLS A SYSTEM BACK IN
TEMPORARY.
•HIGH RESIDENTIAL LIFT- USED IN FLATSAND OTHER
HIGH RISE BUILDING.
GUARD RAIL PASSENGER LIFT
FACTORS AFFECTING SELECTION OF LIFT:
•GUARD RAIL- IT IS TRACK LAID ON BOTH THE SIDES OF •UTILITY- THE FUNCTION BE IDENTIFIED WHETHER LIFT
QUALITY OF LIFT
THE LIFT SHAFT TO KEEP THE CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT IS RESIDENTIAL , COMMERCIAL OR HOSPITALS ETC TYPES OF OPENING IN LIFT
IN BALANCE. •CAPACITY- THIS DEPENDS ON TYPE OF BUILDING AND
•COUNTER WEIGHT- IT IS CONNECTED WITH A ROPE OF FREQUENCY OF ACCESS TO LIFT.
ELEVATOR CAR TO SUPPORT THE LOAD CARRIED BY •SPEED- THIS DEPENDS ON NO. OF STOPS AND USERS.
GENERATOR, ITS MAIN FUNCTION TO GRIP THE LIFT CAR.
•BUFFER-IT IS GROPUP OF SPRINGS PLACED IN VERTICAL
LIFT SHAFT
DIRENCTION TO ABSORB THE IMPACT OF LIFT CAR WHEN DESIGN SPECIFICATION OF LIFT
IT FAILS. •CAPACITY- THE MINIMUM SIZE CAR RECOMMENDED
FOR SINGLE PURPOSE IS ONE SUITABLE FOR A DUTY
LOAD 88KG AND FOR OFFICE BUILDINGS CAR WITH
CAPACITIES UPTO 240KG
•SPEED- IT DEPENDS UPON QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF
SERVICE DESIRED.

POPULATION
•EXACT POPULATION CALCULTIONS ARE RARELY
AVAILABLE SO THE CALCULATION ON THE BASIS OF THIS
FACTOR IS MADE ON THE BASIS OF TYPE OF BUILDING,
NO. OF FLOORS, NET AREA AVAILABLE.
COUNTER WEIGHT •AVERAGE POPULATION DENSITY CAN VARY FROM ONE
PERSON PER (4-20) SQ.METER..
BUFFER

SERVICES
 CONTENT : • ILIFT
• TYPES OF LIFT
• USAGE
• COMPONENTS OF LIFT
ESCLATOR TYPES OF ESCLATOR ( ON BASIS OF FUNCTION)
•A MOVING STAIRCASE-A CONVEYOR TRANSPORT
DEVICE FOR CARRYING PEOPLE BETWEEN FLOORS OF A
BUILDING.
•CONSIST OF A MOTOR-DRIVEN CHAIN OF INDIVIDUAL,
PARALLEL
LINKED STEPS THAT MOVE UP OR DOWN ON TRACKS, CRISS CROSS
TYPE
ALLOWING THE STEP TREADS TO REMAIN HORIZONTAL. TYPE
•THEY ARE USED TO MOVE PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC IN MULTI
PLACES WHERE ELEVATORS WOULD BE IMPRACTICAL PARALLEL
LIKE SHOPPING MALLS, AIRPORTS, CONVENTION TYPE
CENTERS. PARALLEL TYPE
•THE TYPICAL SPEEED OF AN ESCLATOR IS 100FEET PER
MINUTE.
TYPES OF ESCLATOR:
•PARALLEL TYPE- THESE ARE ESCLATORS WHICH ARE
CONSTRUCTED SIDE BY SIDE OR WITH SOME DISTANCE
BETWEEN THEM, THESE ARE USUALLY AT METRO STATION.
DESIGN REQUIREMENTS OF •MULTI-PARALLEL TYPE- THESE ARE TWO OR MORE ESCLATORS
MOVING WALKWAYS - TRAVELLATOR:
A SLOW MOVING CONVEYOR MECHANISM THAT TRANSPORTS
ESCLATOR: CONSTRUCTED OF SAME NATURE IN PARALLEL.
PEOPLE ACROSS A HORIZONTAL OR INCLINED PLANE OVER A SHORT
•ANGLE OF INCLINATION- IT SHALL NOT BE> 30 •CRISS-CROSS TYPE- THESE ARE ESCLATORS WHICH ARE
TO MEDIUM DISTANCE.
CONSTRUCTED KEEPING THE SAME NATURE OF ESCLATORS ON
DEGREE FROM HORIZONTAL FOR VERTICAL •HIGH SPEED WALKWAYS- USING THE HIGH SPEED –WALKWAY IS
TRANSPORTATION UP TO 6M, PERMITTED UP ONE SIDE.
LIKE USING ANY OTHER MOVING WALKWAY, EXCEPT THAT FOR
TO 35 DEGREE IN EXTREME CASE. SAFETY THRE ARE SPECIAL PROCEDURES TO FOLLOW WHEN
•BALUSTRADE- IT SHALL BE PROVIDED ON EACH MULTI PARALLEL TYPE JOINING OR LEAVING.
SIDE WITH SOLID BALUSTRADE, GLASS •RIDERS MUST HAVE AT LEAST ONE HAND FREE TO HOLD THE
BALUSTRADING SHOULD CAN BE USED APPLICATIONS HANDRAIL, THOSE CARRYING BAGS, SHOPPING ETCOR MUST USE
CONSIDERING IS2533-1964. THE ORDINARY WALKWAY NEARBY.
•HANDRAILS- EACH BALUSTRADE SHOULD BE •INCLINED MOVING WALKWAYS- IT IS USED TO MOVE PEOPLE TO
PROVIDE WITH A HANDRAILS MOVING IN THE ANOTHER FLOOR SO THAT PEOPLE CAN TAKE ALONG THEIR
SAME DIRENCTION AT SAME SPEEDAS THAT OF SUITCASE TROLLEY OR SHOPPING CARTOR BABY CARRIAGE.
STEPS..
•COMBPLATES- THERE SHOULD BE COMBPLATE
AT ENTRANCE AND EXIT OF EVERY ESCLATOR,
THERE SHOULD BE MESHED UP WITH TREAD
SURFACE AND SHOULD BE ADJUSTABLE.
•LANDINGS- LANDING OF RCC SHOULD BE
PROVIDED CONFORMING TO SECURE
FOOTHOLD. CRISS CROSS TYPE

•TRACK SYSTEM- THIS IS EMBEDED INSIDE THE TRUSS

AND THESE ARE CONNECTED BY CHAIN OR BELT ,
THERE ARE TWO TRACKS WHICH MOVE RELATIVELY DIFFERENT SIZES AND ITS APPLICATIONS
SUCH THAT STAIR COMES OUT A COMBPLATE CALLED
AS STEP-WHEEL TRACK. SIZE WIDTH (BETWEEN SINGLE STEP APPLICATIONS
•TRUSSES/ GIRDERS- TRUSS IS HOLLOW METAL BALUSTRADE)
STRUCTURE THAT BRIDGES THE LOWER AND UPPER VERY SMALL 400mm(16 in) ONE PASSENGER A RARE HISTORIC
LANDINGS,IT ENDS ARE ATTACHED TO UPPER AND WITH FEET TOGETHER DESIGN FOUND
LOWER LANDINGS. MOSTLY IN ORDER
STORES
HIGH SPEED WALKWAY
MECHANISM OF ESCLATOR SMALL 600mm (24 in) ONE PASSENGER LOW VOLUME OF
SITES, UPPERMOST
•AN ESCLATOR IS A CONTINOUSLY MOVING STAIRCASE, LEVEL OF
EACH STAIR HAS A PAIR OF WHEELS ON EACH SIDE. DEPARTMENT STORE.
•ONE AT THE FRONT OF THE STEP AND ONE AT THE
REAR, THE WHEELS RUN ON TWO RAILS. MEDIUM 600mm (31 in) ONE PASSENGER+ONE SHOPPING MALLS,
•AT THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF THE ESCLATOR, THE PACKAGE OR ONE DEPARTMENT
PIECE OF LUGGAGE STORES, SMALLER
INNER RAIL DIPS BENEATH THE OUTER RAIL, SO THAT AIRPORTS
THE BOTTOM OF THE STAIR FLATTERS, MAKING IT
EASIER FOR RIDERS TO GET ON AND OFF. LARGE 1000 mm (39 in) TWO PASSENGERS- MAINLY IN METRO
•AS THE CHAIN MOVES THE STEPS ALWAYS STAY LEVEL. ONE MAY WALK PAST STATION, LARGER
•AT THE TOP AND BOTTOM STEPS COLLAPSE ON EACH ANOTHER AIRPORTS,TRAIN
OTHER AND CREATING PLATFORM. STATION

INCLINED MOVING WALKWAY

SERVICES
 CONTENT : • ESCLATOR
• TYPES OF ESCLATOR
• MECHANISM
• TRAVELLATOR