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Communication

1. Effective communication occurs when the right people receive the right information in a timely manner through an exchange between a sender and receiver. 2. There are various channels of communication that differ in their ability to convey information, from less rich channels like emails and memos to richer channels like videoconferences and face-to-face conversations. 3. Barriers like filtering, selective perception, defensiveness, differences in language, and information overload can interfere with effective communication.

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Aditya Kumar
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55 views

Communication

1. Effective communication occurs when the right people receive the right information in a timely manner through an exchange between a sender and receiver. 2. There are various channels of communication that differ in their ability to convey information, from less rich channels like emails and memos to richer channels like videoconferences and face-to-face conversations. 3. Barriers like filtering, selective perception, defensiveness, differences in language, and information overload can interfere with effective communication.

Uploaded by

Aditya Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Organizational Behavior

The Contribution Of Communication Activities


To Real Managers’ Effectiveness
What is Communication?
• The process by which information is
exchanged between a sender and a receiver.

• Interpersonal communication involves the


exchange of information between people.

• Effective communication occurs when the right


people receive the right information in a timely
manner.
The Communication Process Model

1. Chooses a 2. Encodes 3. Chooses


message the message the channel

Sender Receiver

5. Provides 4. Decodes
feedback the message
Choosing Channels
• Channels differ in their capacity to convey
information.
• Rich channels have the ability to
• Handle multiple cues simultaneously
• Facilitate rapid feedback
• Be very personal
Information Richness of Communication
Channels

Formal reports, Prerecorded Online discussion Live speeches Videoconferences


bulletins speeches groups, groupware

Low High
channel channel
richness richness

Telephone Face-to-face
Memos, letters Electronic mail Voice mail conversations conversation
Communication Networks

Formal communication:
• Wheel Network :Leader (head) is central
facilitator for all communication
• Chain Network: Communication flows
through a strict hierarchy
• Star Network (all channel network): All team
members exchange information freely.
Communication Networks
Communication Networks
• Informal Communication
Grapevine Communication
Has 3 essential features:
• Not controlled by Management
• Perceived by the employees as more reliable
than formal communication that comes from
management
• Serves the self interests of the people using it
rather than the organization’s objectives
Direction of Communication
Downward Communication:
• To give instructions
• Provide information about procedures, policies
etc
• Feedback
• Explain rationale for a job to a new employee
• Information required by different teams and
departments for achievement of goals
handbooks, manuals, newsletters, notices,
bulletin boards, intranet, meetings, speeches,
telephones, video conference etc.
Direction of Communication
• Upward Communication:
non directive in nature
empowered employees participating freely in
decision making.
• Grievance redressal procedure
• Open door policy
• Counseling, attitude questionnaires, exit
interviews
• Participative techniques
• Ombudsperson
Direction of Communication
• Lateral Communication:
Cross Communication
Boundary Spanners
Research and Development
Quality Control
Legal Department
Interpersonal Communication

• Oral Communication

• Written Communication

• Non verbal Communication


Nonverbal Communication
• Messages conveyed through body movements,
facial expressions, and the physical distance
between the sender and the receiver
• Kinesics
• The study of body motions, such as
gestures, facial configurations, and other
movements of the body
• Proxemics
• The study of physical space in
interpersonal relationships
Nonverbal Communication
Paralanguage: Deals with how people say
something… It includes pitch , rhythm, tempo
and volume.
Visual Symbols:
Barriers to Effective Communication
• Filtering
• Refers to a sender manipulating information
so that it will be seen more favorably by the
receiver.
• Selective Perception
• Receivers in the communication process
selectively see and hear based on their
needs, motivations, experience,
background, and other personal
characteristics.
Barriers to Effective Communication
• Defensiveness
When individuals interpret another’s
messages threatening, they often respond in
ways that retard effective communication.
• Language
Words mean different things to different
people.
• Information Overload
Individuals have finite capacity to absorb, and
understand information.

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