Unit: 7 – Changes

Universidad Politécnica Salesiana del Ecuador

Learning Outcomes

• Lesson A:Talk about life-changing events

• Lesson B: Describe health and lifestyle changes

Universidad Politécnica Salesiana del Ecuador

Lesson
LessonA:
A:Comparatives
Comparativesand
andSuperlatives
Superlatives
Comparative Adjectives:

One way to describe nouns (people, objects, animals, etc.) is by

comparing them to something else. When comparing two objects,
places or people.
There are five rules to use them.
Rule # 1
Adjectives with one syllable add er.
Example: Mike is taller than Paul
Lesson
LessonA:
A:Comparatives
Comparativesand
andSuperlatives
Superlatives
Rule 2
Adjectives ending in Y change it into IER.
Example:
Homer is lazier than Barn
Lesson
LessonA:
A:Comparatives
Comparativesand
andSuperlatives
Superlatives
Rule # 3

One syllable adjectives ending with one vowel + one consonant,

double the last consonant and add er.
Example:
Mrs Smith is fatter than her husband.
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives

Rule # 4
Adjectives with more than 2 or more syllables add MORE before the
adjective.
Example:
Carol is more beautiful than Jacky
 Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives

Rule # 5
Irregular adjectives that we need to memorize
Good better
Bad worse
Example:
The Lion King movie is better than Tom &Jerry
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives
Superlative Adjectives
We use them to compare them, to compare one object, place or a person in
a group.
Rule # 1
Adjective with one syllable add “ the + adjective + est”
Example:
Tom is the shortest in his family.
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives
Rule # 2
Adjectives ending in Y change it into “iest”
Example:
Larry is the healthiest boy in my class.
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives
Lesson A: Comparatives and Superlatives
Superlatives
Rule # 3

One-syllable adjectives ending with vowel +consonant double the last

consonant and add est.
Example:
Arnold was the saddest boy in the neighborhood.
Lesson
LessonA:
A:Comparatives
Comparativesand
andSuperlatives
Superlatives
Rule # 4
Adjectives with more than 2 or more syllables add THE MOST before the
adjective.
Example:
Jake was the most popular boy in his school.
 Lesson
LessonA:
A:Comparatives
Comparativesand
andSuperlatives
Superlatives
Rule # 5

Irregular adjectives: good-best, bad-worst

Example:
Superman was the best super hero for me.
Lesson
LessonA:
A:Comparatives
Comparativesand
andSuperlatives
Superlatives
PRACTICE
Complete the following sentences with the right form of the adjective:
1. My suitcase is________________ (big) than your suitcase.
2. The Palace Hotel is _____________ (expensive) in my country.
3. John is a ____________ (good) student than Peter.
4. WE didn’t have enough money, so we stayed in ______ (bad) hotel.
5. Chimborazo is _________ (high) mountain in Ecuador.
6. Today is ______ (hot) day of the month. Don’t go out.
7. Life in the 19th century was _________ (easy) than now.
8. Paul is _________ (young) than Michele, he is just 16.
9. My desk is _______ (heavy) than your table.
Lesson
LessonA:
A:Comparatives
Comparativesand
andSuperlatives
Superlatives
Answer
AnswerKey
Key
Complete the following sentences with the right form of the adjective:
1. My suitcase is BIGGER (big) than your suitcase.
2. The Palace Hotel is THE MOST EXPENSIVE (expensive) in my country.
3. John is a BETTER (good) student than Peter.
4. WE didn’t have enough money, so we stayed in THE WORST (bad)
hotel.
5. Chimborazo is THE HIGHEST (high) mountain in Ecuador.
6. Today is THE HOTTEST (hot) day of the month. Don’t go out.
7. Life in the 19th century was EASIER (easy) than now.
8. Paul is YOUNGER (young) than Michele , he is just 16.
9. My desk is HEAVIER (heavy) than your table.
Lesson
LessonB:
B:Used
Usedtoto

Used to expresses the idea that something was an old habit that stopped in the past.
It indicates that something was often repeated in the past, but it is not usually done
now.
Examples:

• I used to live in Paris.

• Sarah used to be fat, but now she is thin.
• George used to be the best student in class, but now Lena is the best.
• Oranges used to cost very little in Florida, but now they are quite expensive.
 Lesson
LessonB:
B:Used
Usedtoto
FORM
[used to + VERB]
Examples:
I used to go to the beach every day, but now I don’t have time.
I didn’t use to eat vegetables, but now I love them.
It is better not to use used to in questions or negative forms; however,
this is sometimes done in informal spoken English. It is better to ask
questions and create negative sentences using simple past.
Lesson
LessonB:
B:Used
Usedtoto
Practice:
Complete the statements with USE TO about events in the past.
1. I _________live in a flat when I was a child.
2. ____ we ________ go to the beach every summer?
3. She ________ to love eating chocolate, but now she hates it.
4. He ___________smoke, but now he smokes quite often..
5. I __________ play tennis when I was at school.
6. She __________ be able to speak French, but she has forgotten it all.
7. ______ he _______ play golf every weekend?
8. They both __________ have short hair.
9. Julie __________ study Portuguese.
10. I ____________ hate school, but now I don’t like it!
Lesson
LessonB:
B:Used
Usedtoto
Practice:
Complete the statements with USE TO about events in the past.
1. I USED TO live in a flat when I was a child.
2. DID we USE TO go to the beach every summer?
3. She USED TO love eating chocolate, but now she hates it.
4. He DIDN’T USE TO smoke, but now he smokes quite often.
5. I USED TO play tennis when I was at school.
6. She USED TO be able to speak French, but she has forgotten it all.
7. DID he USE TO play golf every weekend?
8. They both USED TO have short hair.
9. Julie USED TO study Portuguese.
10. I DIDN’T USE TO hate school, but now I like it!
Organize the following statements:

1. (-) Mary / to drink / used to / a lot _______________________

2. (+) Cristina / to go out / used ______________________
3. (-) they / at night / to drive / used to _____________________
4. (+) he / used to / to hate/ the dishes______________________
5. (?) Cristina / used to / to study _________________________
6. (?) Mary/ used to / to talk on the phone ___________________

Universidad Politécnica Salesiana del Ecuador 21

Answer Key

Organize the following statements:

1 (-) Mary / to drink / used to / a lot Mary USED TO DRINK a lot

2. (+) Cristina / to go out / used Cristina USED TO GO OUT
3. (-) they / at night / to drive / used to They DIDN’T USE TO drive at night
4. (+) he / used to / to hate/ the dishes He used to hate the dishes
5. (?) Cristina / used to / to study DID Cristina USE TO study?
6. (?) Mary/ used to / to talk on the phone DID Mary USE TO talk on the phone?

Universidad Politécnica Salesiana del Ecuador 22

Practice
Practice
Organize the events using the signal words

The ______ thing I do in my day is wake up. ______, I get washed up and
dressed. ______ I eat breakfast and head to work. ______ my work day is
over, I head home where I do house and yard work. When those chores are
done I eat dinner and relax in front of the television. ______, I head to bed and
fall asleep.
Answer Key
Answer Key
Organize the events using the signal words

The FIRST t thing I do in my day is wake up. NEXT, I get washed up and
dressed. THEN I eat breakfast and head to work. AFTER THAT, I head home
where I do house and yard work. LATER I eat dinner and relax in front of the
television. FINALLY, I head to bed and fall asleep.
References:
Empower– Students book.
.

Universidad Politécnica Salesiana del Ecuador 27