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BIOENG472 TOPIC4 ElectronicBiosensors

1) FET-based biosensors use field-effect transistors to detect biological molecules. When an analyte binds to antibodies on the FET surface, it causes a surface charge change that is detected as a change in conductivity across the FET. 2) Nanowire FET biosensors have been fabricated with silicon nanowires 10-20 nm in diameter. Binding of streptavidin and other proteins to biotinylated nanowires is detected electrically. 3) Single viruses have been detected electrically using FET biosensors coated with antibodies against influenza. Cancer biomarkers have also been detected using similar FET devices.

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19 views9 pages

BIOENG472 TOPIC4 ElectronicBiosensors

1) FET-based biosensors use field-effect transistors to detect biological molecules. When an analyte binds to antibodies on the FET surface, it causes a surface charge change that is detected as a change in conductivity across the FET. 2) Nanowire FET biosensors have been fabricated with silicon nanowires 10-20 nm in diameter. Binding of streptavidin and other proteins to biotinylated nanowires is detected electrically. 3) Single viruses have been detected electrically using FET biosensors coated with antibodies against influenza. Cancer biomarkers have also been detected using similar FET devices.

Uploaded by

asdfghjkl
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FET-based biosensors

Field-effect transistor (FET)


Almost all transistors manufactured today are MOSFETs

metal

No gate voltage MOSFET in accumulation: negative


gate voltage attracts holes

MOSFET in depletion: positive gate MOSFET in inversion: VERY positive


voltage repels holes gate voltage attracts electrons from
source and/or drain
Evolution of the FET
FET-based immunosensor
Antibodies

• Specific analyte binding causes a surface charge differential


• Surface charge change is detected as a change in conductange G across the FET surface
Fabrication process
Flow-aligned
Si nanowire FET nanowire biosensor
(10-20 nm diam.)
Biotin Streptavidin

50 nm Al +
100 nm Au

Buffer Buffer Bare NW

Strep
250 nM

Inactive
Cui et al. (Charles Lieber’s group), “Nanowire strep
Nanosensors for Highly Sensitive and
Selective Detection of Biological and Chemical Strep
Species”, Science 293: 1289 (2001) 25 pM
FET nanowire biosensor

Stern et al. (Mark Reed’s group), “Label-free immunodetection with CMOS-compatible


semiconducting nanowires”, Nature 445: 519 (2007)
Electrical detection of single viruses

Influenza A solution

Micrographs

Patolski et al. (Charles Lieber’s group),


“Electrical detection of single viruses”, PNAS
101: 14017 (2004)
FET biosensor
antibody against cancer antigen CA 15.3
cross-linker

control protein

Chen et al., Nanoelectronic detection of breast cancer biomarker, Appl.


Phys. Lett. 97: 233702 (2010)

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