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Inequalities: John Karlo Mendoza BS Mechanical Engineering University of The Philippines Diliman

An inequality is a statement comparing algebraic expressions using relations such as greater than, greater than or equal to, less than, and less than or equal to. An absolute inequality is satisfied by all real numbers, while a conditional inequality is satisfied by some numbers but not others. Equivalent inequalities have the same solution set. To solve linear and polynomial inequalities, techniques include adding or multiplying both sides by the same quantity and using a case method or interval method to find the solution set.

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113 views20 pages

Inequalities: John Karlo Mendoza BS Mechanical Engineering University of The Philippines Diliman

An inequality is a statement comparing algebraic expressions using relations such as greater than, greater than or equal to, less than, and less than or equal to. An absolute inequality is satisfied by all real numbers, while a conditional inequality is satisfied by some numbers but not others. Equivalent inequalities have the same solution set. To solve linear and polynomial inequalities, techniques include adding or multiplying both sides by the same quantity and using a case method or interval method to find the solution set.

Uploaded by

JChris Esguerra
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INEQUALITIES

John Karlo Mendoza


BS Mechanical Engineering
University of the Philippines Diliman
Inequalities
An inequality is a statement that an algebraic
expression is greater than, greater than or
equal to, or less than or equal to, less than, to
another algebraic expression.

A value of the variable for which an inequality


is true is a solution of the inequality. The set
of all solutions of an inequality is the solution
set of the inequality.
Absolute Inequality
An absolute inequality is an inequality that is
satisfied by every number for which the
algebraic expressions in the inequality are real
numbers.
x  0, SS  
2

1 1
  3, SS   /{0}
x x
Conditional Inequality
A conditional inequality is an inequality that is
satisfied by some numbers and not satisfied
by others.

GOAL: We want to solve conditional


inequalities, that is, to find the
solution set of conditional
inequalities.
Equivalent Inequality

Equivalent inequalities are inequalities having


the same solution set.
Solving Linear Inequalities

To solve, apply both addition and


multiplication axiom for order.

AAO:  a,b,c  R, a > b, then a + c > b + c


MAO:  a,b,c  R, c > 0, a > b, then ac > bc
Theorem:  a,b,c  R, c < 0, a > b, then ac <
bc
Examples
Find the solution set of the following:
1. 3 x  1  x  5
2x  4
x 2

 SS  {x | x  , x  2}  (2,)
Examples
2x  1 2x 1
2.  
4 3 6
3(2 x  1)  4(2 x )  2
6x  3  8x  2
 2 x  1
1
x
2
1 1
 SS  {x | x  , x  }  [ ,)
2 2
Examples
3.  2  5  3x  20
 7  3x  15
7
 x5
3
 7 
 SS    ,5 
 3 
Polynomial and Rational Inequalities

To solve, express the inequality in the form A >


0 or A < 0 where A is an algebraic expression.
Apply case method or interval method.
Examples
Find the solution set of the following:

1. x  4 x  3  0
2

( x  3)( x  1)  0
Case Method
Case 1: x – 3 > 0, and x – 1 < 0, x > 3, x < 1

Case 1:
1 3
no intersection

 SS1  
Case Method
Case 2: x – 3 < 0, and x – 1 > 0, x < 3, x > 1

Case 2:
1 3
SS2  (1,3)
Final Answer : SS    (1,3)
 SS  (1,3)
Interval Method/Critical Point Method

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