GSM BASED SERVICE

SECURITY IN BSNL
By…,
D.Supraja
J.Tulasi rami reddy
B.Venkataiah
K.Tejaswi

Under the guidance of.,

m.Srinivas rao
B.Tech
Asst.Prof
Why we go for GSM?
GSM is a digital cellular network. It offers high quality
voice communication and low bandwidth(96kbps).
It uses more advanced technology and handles more
subscribers than analog cellular network.
GSM was designed with a moderate level of service
security. It uses several cryptographic algorithms.
It has high data rate(270.8kbps) when compared to
CDMA(14.4-115kbps) so, it can handle more number of
subscribers.
 GSM-NETWORK SYSTEM
MS
Um

BTS VLR HLR

BSC
Abis MSC
A B H
MS C AuC
BTS GMSC
E F
Abis
EIR
A E
MSC

BSC PSTN
Um
BTS X.25
VLR
X.25
OMC Server
3
GSM SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
Frequency band
Uplink 890 – 915 MHz
Downlink 935 -960MHZ

Duplex Frequency Spacing 45MHz

Carrier separation 200KHz

Frequency Channels 124

Time Slots /Frame(Full Rate) 8

Voice Coder Bit Rate 13Kbps

Modulation GMSK

Access method FDMA/TDMA

IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT
MS BTS BSC MSC

1 CHANNEL REQUEST
RACH 2
CHANNEL REQUIRED
CHANNEL ACTIVATION 3 Immediate
CHANNEL ACTIVATION
4
Assignment
ACK.
IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT5 IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT5
AGCH COMMAND

6CM SERVICE REQUEST

SDCCH or TCH
OR
LOCATION
6 UPDAT. REQU.
SDCCH or TCH
INTRA-LOCATION VLR UPDATE
1 BSS

2 TMSI + old LAI 2 MSC

BSC
new TMSI 3
3
BTS 4
4 2
New TMSI
TMSI
3
New LAI VLR

IMSI
TMSI
LAI
IMSI not Required
INTER-LOCATION VLR UPDATE
1 BSS
2
2TMSI + old LAI BSC MSC
5
newTMSI
5
BTS 7
7 2
TMSINew TMSI
5
New LAI Old VLR New VLR
IMSI, TMSI 3 IMSI,TMSI
Old LAI
RAND, SRES, LAI
RAND, SRES,
Kc 4 Kc

6
IMSI not Required HLR subscriber
6 data
new
VLR id
 MOBILE ORIGENATING CALL
MS BSS MSC PSTN
1 CHANNEL REQUEST VLR
Dialing
IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT
2

2CM SERVICE REQUEST 2CM SERVICE REQUEST

3 Authentication procedure
3 Ciphering procedure
Sending 4 SETUP (basic) or 4 SETUP
Number EMERGENCY
5
IAM
CALL PROCEEDING7 6 Ring
CALL PROCEEDING
7
Ringing
7 Assignment procedure
ACM 8
ALERTING 9
Ringing
ANM
Path CONNECT 11
10

Established CONNECT ACKnowledge ACM = Address Complete Message

11 ANM = ANswer Message
IAM = Initial Address Message

8
 MOBILE TERMINATING CALL
Visitor PLMN International Home PLMN
SS7
VLR HLR
Provide Roaming Number
(IMSI) 4

Roaming Number
5 (MSRN)

9 6
Send
Send info Routing Routing
PAGE to I/C
PAGING (TMSI + LA) Information Information
REQUEST (MSRN) (MSRN) (MSISDN)
(TMSI)
8 3
11 PAGING
REQUEST
IAM (MSRN) IAM
BSS (TMSI + LA)
10 VMSC 7 GMSC (MSISDN) 2
PN

IAM : Initial Address Message

MSISDN : Mobile Station Integrated Services Digital
network Number
MSRN : Mobile Station Roaming Number
GSM SERVICES
 Types of services
Bearer services
Tele-services
Supplementary services
 Line Identification Services
Calling Line Identification Presentation(CLIP)
Calling Line Identification Restriction(CLIR)
Connected Line Identification Presentation(COLP)
Connected Line Identification Restriction(CLIR)
 Call Offering Services
Call Forwarding Unconditional(CFU)
Call Forwarding On Mobile Subscriber Busy(CFB)
Call Forwarding In Mobile Subscriber Not Reachable(CFNRc)
 Call Completion Services
Call Waiting(CW)
Call Holding(HOLD)
 Multiparty Supplementary Services
 Charging Supplementary Services
Advice Of Charge(information)(AOCI)
Advice Of Charge(charging)(AOCC)
 Call Restriction Services
Barring Outgoing Calls
Barring Ingoing Calls
 GSM SECURITY
PURPOSE FOR SECURITY

Due to lack of voice privacy.

GSM was designed with a moderate level of service security. It provides several
algorithms.

The system was designed to authenticate the subscriber using a pre-shared key
and challenge-response.

Customers may move to another service because of the lack of security.

Funtions of services
Anonymity  Anonymity
Authentication
Encryption
SIM &IMEI
Authentication Encrption And Decrption
Limitations

The customer requires some privacy against traffic being

overhead.
No common frequency band
No support of video
Low voice quality
Low information bit rates
Conclusion
Despite the security breaches, GSM is by far more
secure than previous analog cellular systems and
continues to be the not secure public wireless standard
in the world.
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THANK
YOU