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Basic Intelligence

This document provides an overview of basic intelligence concepts including: 1) It defines intelligence as knowledge acquired through collecting, evaluating, analyzing, integrating and interpreting all available information about enemies or potential enemies. 2) It outlines the four phases of the intelligence cycle: planning collection efforts, collecting information, processing information into intelligence, and disseminating intelligence. 3) It describes key terms like the intelligence cycle, collection agencies, and the importance of evaluating information for reliability and accuracy.

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Jarvie John
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926 views

Basic Intelligence

This document provides an overview of basic intelligence concepts including: 1) It defines intelligence as knowledge acquired through collecting, evaluating, analyzing, integrating and interpreting all available information about enemies or potential enemies. 2) It outlines the four phases of the intelligence cycle: planning collection efforts, collecting information, processing information into intelligence, and disseminating intelligence. 3) It describes key terms like the intelligence cycle, collection agencies, and the importance of evaluating information for reliability and accuracy.

Uploaded by

Jarvie John
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RM2 RICHARD U NATIVIDAD 823875 PN

149TH NROTCU
PHILIPPINE MERCHANT MARINE ACADEMY

MILITARY SCIENCE 31

BASIC INTELLIGENCE
1
Basic intelligence
I. INTRODUCTION
II. DEFINITION OF TERMS
III. FOUR (4) PHASES OF INTELLIGENCE
IV. PLANNING OR DIRECTION OF THE COLLECTION
EFFORT
V. FIVE (5) STEPS TO CONSIDER PLANNING
VI. COLLECTION OF INFORMATION
VII. PROCESSING OR PRODUCTION OR INFO INTO
INTELLIGENCE
VIII.EVALUATION RATING
IX. INTERPRETATION
X. DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INTELLIGENCE, ITS
CRETERIA AND METHODS
Basic intelligence
I. INTRODUCTION:
NOW, FOR THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY, LET US
LOOK INTO THE IMPORTANCE OF
INTELLIGENCE AS VISUALIZED BY SUN TZU, A
CHINESE MILITARY PHILOSOPHER AND
THINKER. HE SAID: “IF YOU KNOW THE
ENEMY AND KNOW YOURSELF, YOU NEED
NOT FEAR THE RESULT OF A HUNDRED
BATTLES. IF YOU KNOW YOURSELF BUT NOT
THE ENEMY, FOR EVERY VICTORY GAINED
YOU WILL ALSO SUFFER A DEFEAT. IT YOU
KNOW NEITHER THE ENEMY NOR YOURSELF,
YOU WILL SUCCUMB IN EVERY BATTLE.”
Basic intelligence
II. DEFINITION OF TERMS:

 INTELLIGENCE - KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED BY


THE COLLECTION, EVALUATION, ANALYSIS,
INTEGRATION AND INTERPRETATION OF ALL
AVAILABLE INFORMATION CONCERNING AN ENEMY,
WHETHER ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL.

 COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE - ALL ACTIVE AND


PASSIVE MEASURES TAKEN TO ENSURE THE
SAFEGUARDING OF INFORMATION, PERSONNEL
AND MATERIALS FROM ESPIONAGE, SUBVERSION
AND SABOTAGE.
Basic intelligence

 INTELLIGENCE CYCLE - IT IS A CONTINUOUS


PROCESS. IT IS A REPETITION OF WHAT HAS
TRANSPIRED OR BECOME KNOWN. THEREFORE,
THERE IS NO FIRST NOR LAST PHASE – HENCE A
CYCLE.
Basic intelligence

III. 4 PHASES IN THE


INTEL CYCLE:

A. PLANNING OR DIRECTION
OF THE COLLECTION EFFORT
B. COLLECTION OF
INFORMATION
C. PROCESSING OR
PRODUCTION OF INTEL
D. DISSEMINATION & USE OF
THE RESULTING
INTELLIGENCE
Basic intelligence
A. PLANNING OR DIRECTION THE
COLLECTION EFFORT
1. DEFINITION - IS A CRUCIAL
PHASE IN THE PRODUCTION OF
INTELLIGENCE FOR IT IS HERE
THAT WE DETERMINE THE
INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENTS
TO SUPPORT THE COMMANDER’S
MISSION.
- IT IS HERE ALSO THAT WE
DETERMINE
. WHICH COLLECTION
AGENCIES ARE TO EXPLOIT
WHICH SOURCE.
Basic intelligence

STEPS TO CONSIDER IN PLANNING:

1. DETERMINING THE INTELLIGENCE


REQUIREMENTS- GUIDELINES/CONSIDERATION

a. ENEMY CAPABILITIES - THESE REFER TO


ENEMY STRENGTHS WHICH WOULD AFFECT THE
ACCOMPLISHMENT OF THE MISSION.
b. ENEMY VULNERABILITIES - THESE REFER
TO ENEMY WEAKNESSES OR THAT WHICH RENDER
THE ENEMY TO DAMAGE, DECEPTION AND DEFEAT.
Basic intelligence

c. WEATHER AND TERRAIN - WEATHER


INFORMATION MAY BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE
ITS EFFECT ON THE ENEMY AND THE TERRAIN.
TERRAIN DATA INCLUDES CROSS-COUNTRY
TRAFFIC ABILITY, OBSTACLES, ROADS AND RAIL
CONDITIONS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FLOODING.

d. ORDER OF BATTLE - WHEN THE ENEMY


SITUATION IS VAGUE, AND FOR PURPOSES OF
LONG RANGE PLANNING, ORDER OF BATTLE
FACTORS MAYBE THE BASIS FOR INTELLIGENCE
REQUIREMENTS.
Basic intelligence
e. NEXT MAJOR DECISION - FUTURE
OPERATIONS ARE CONSIDERED. IF THE
INTELLIGENCE DOES NOT PLAN AHEAD, THE
COMMANDER, WILL FIND HIMSELF READY TO
CONTINUE THE WORK /ATTACK, BUT THE
INFORMATION OF INTELLIGENCE NEEDED.
f. PREVENTING SURPRISE OF THE COMMAND -
REQUIRED IN ORDER TO AVOID TACTICAL
SURPRISE.
g. INFORMATION NEEDS OF HIGHER OR
ADJACENT UNITS - EACH LEVEL OF COMMAND
WILL NORMALLY BE ASSIGNED COLLECTION MISSION
BY HIGHER, LOWER & ADJACENT HEADQUARTERS.
Basic intelligence
 2. DETERMINING THE INTELLIGENCE PRIORITIES.
THERE ARE TWO REQUIREMENT PRIORITIES NAMELY:
a) ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION (EEIS)
1. COMMANDER’S HIGHEST PRIORITY
REQUIREMENTS
2. OBTAINED ITEMS OF INFORMATION AND OR
INTELLIGENCE NEEDED BY THE COMMANDER IN
MAKING A DECISION WITH AN ACCEPTABLE DEGREE
OF CONFIDENCE.
3. INFORMATION ABOUT THE ENEMY AND THE
AOO THAT THE COMMANDER MUST HAVE TO ARRIVE
AT A REASONABLY SOUND DECISION DURING A
PARTICULAR PHASE OF AN OPERATION. 
Basic intelligence

b) OTHER INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENTS (OIRS)


-INFO NEEDED BY THE CMDR BUT ARE NOT HIS
HIGHEST PRIORITY.
1. COLLECTION WORKSHEET - EITHER WRITTEN
OR ORAL, WHEREBY AN INTELLIGENCE OFFICER TAKES
THE INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENTS AS ANNOUNCED
BY THE COMMANDER.

2) COLLECTION AGENCY - IT IS AN INDIVIDUAL OR


UNIT WHICH SYSTEMATICALLY EXPLOITS THE SOURCE
OF INFORMATION IN ORDER TO GAIN THE DESIRED
INFORMATION.
Basic intelligence
CATEGORIES OF COLLECTION AGENCIES:
1) INTELLIGENCE SPECIALISTS - INDIVIDUALS
TRAINED IN THE SPECIALIZED ASPECTS OF
INTELLIGENCE. ORGANIC TO THE MILITARY ORGZN.
EX: OB SPECIALIST; INTERROGATORS;
PHOTO INTERPRETERS

2) TROOPS - SOLDIERS AND THEIR UNITS


EX: BATTALION; DIV CORPS; FIELD ARMY

3) SPECIAL UNITS - UNITS DEALING IN THE


COLLECTION OF INFORMATION
Basic intelligence
B. COLLECTION OF INFORMATION
1.DEFINITION- THE SYSTEMATIC
EXTRACTION OF THE
INFORMATION FROM SOURCE.

2. PRIMARY CONSIDERATION:
a. SOURCE OF INFORMATION -
THE ACTUAL ORIGIN OF THE
INFORMATION. (PERSON, THINGS,
DETECTABLE ENEMY ACTIVITY)
b. COLLECTION AGENCIES -
THIS TOPIC HAS BEEN DISCUSSED
UNDER PLANNING COLLECTION
EFFORT.
Basic intelligence
C. PROCESSING OR PRODUCTION OR INFO INTO
INTELLIGENCE
1. DENINITION: INFORMATION IS RECORDED,
EVALUATED AND INTERPRETED, THE END RESULT OF
WHICH BECOMES INTELLIGENCE.
2. THREE (3) PARTS OF PROCESSING:
a) RECORDING - MECHANICAL
PROCESS WHEREBY ALL COLLECTED
INFORMATION RECOGNIZED IN A
READY USABLE FORM. -
REDUCES ALL AVAILABLE INFO,
MAKING INTERPRETATION EASIER
AND MORE ACCURATE.
Basic intelligence

TOOLS USED IN RECORDING:


A. INTELLIGENCE JOURNAL
B. INTELLIGENCE WORKSHEET
C. ENEMY SITUATION MAP
D. INTELLIGENCE FILES

b) EVALUATION - THE EXAMINATION OF


INFORMATION TO DETERMINE ITS PERTINENCE OR
VALUE IN THE PRODUCTION OF INTELLIGENCE,
THE RELIABILITY OF ITS SOURCE OR AGENCY AND,
ITS CREDIBILITY OR ACCURACY.
Basic intelligence

EVALUATION RATING
RELIABILITY OF SOURCE AND AGENCY PROBABLE
ACCURACY
A - COMPLETELY RELIABLE1 - CONFIRMED
B - USUALLY RELIABLE 2 - PROBABLY TRUE
C - FAIRLY RELIABLE 3 - POSSIBLY TRUE
D - NOT USUALLY RELIABLE 4 - DOUBTFULLY RELIABLE
E - UNRELIABLE 5 - IMPROBABLE
F - JUDGE 6 - TRUTH CANNOT BE JUDGE
Basic intelligence
c. INTERPRETATION - DETERMINING THE
SIGNIFICANCE OF INFORMATION WITH RESPECT
TO INFORMATION AND INTELLIGENCE ALREADY
AT HAND AND THE DRAWING OF CONCLUSIONS
AS TO THE PROBABLE MEANING OF THE
EVALUATED INFORMATION.

THREE (3) COMPONENTS OF INTERPRETATION:


1. ANALYSIS - THE EXAMINATION OF
INFORMATION WITH SELECTED EMPHASIS IN THE
LIGHT OF WHAT HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY KNOWN.
- TAKING APART AN INFORMATION TO
CRITICALLY EXAMINE EACH COMPONENT
Basic intelligence

2. INTEGRATION - THE COMBINING OF


SELECTED DATA TO FORM A PATTERN WHICH
WILL HAVE MEANING AND ESTABLISH A BASIS
FOR DEDUCTION OR CONCLUSION.

3. DEDUCTION - IS SIMPLY THE FORMATION OF


CONCLUSION CONCERNING THE EFFECT OF THE
EVALUATED INFORMATION ON THE CURRENT
SITUATION.
Basic intelligence

D. DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INTELLIGENCE

1. DEFINITION - THE PROCESS OF


TRANSMITTING INFORMATION AND
INTELLIGENCE TO HIGHER, LOWER, AND
ADJACENT UNITS FOR THE POSSIBLE USE.

2. CRITERIA OR CONSIDERATION IN
DISSEMINATION:
a. TIMELINESS - FOR DISSEMINATION TO BE
TIMELY
Basic intelligence

b. PROPRIETY - FOR INFORMATION AND


INTELLIGENCE TO BE DISSEMINATED PROPERLY,
THEY MUST BE:
1) SENT TO THE CORRECT ULTIMATE USERS.
2) PRESENTED IN A FORM THAT LENDS
ITSELF FOR IMMEDIATE USE
3) DISTRIBUTED THROUGH THE MOST
EFFECTIVE MEANS OF COMMUNICATIONS
APPROPRIATE TO BOTH TIME AND SECURING
REQUIREMENTS.
4) ADEQUATE AND ACCURATE.
Basic intelligence
3. METHODS OF DISSEMINATION:

a) BY PERSONAL CONTACTS, WHICH INCLUDE


STAFF VISITS, TELEPHONE CALLS AND
CONFERENCES.
b. BY MESSAGES WHICH INCLUDE SPOT
REPORT.
c. BY INTELLIGENCE DOCUMENTS, WHICH
INCLUDE INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATES,
INTELLIGENCE SUMMARY, PERIODIC INTELLIGENCE
REPORTS, INTELLIGENCE ANNEX TO AN
OPERATION ORDER, AND TACTICAL STUDY OF
WEATHER AND TERRAIN.
Basic intelligence

END OF PRESENTATION

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