Informational

WRITING
Patterns
Reference

Refer to pages 3-11 of your EAPP book.

 Objectives
At the end of the lesson the students should be
able to:
A.Determine appropriately the structure of a
specific text through text analysis;
B.Comprehensively use knowledge of text
structure to glean the information through an
essay; and
 Objectives
C. Classify correctly the writing patterns
using the language cues through a quiz.
 Writing Patterns
1.Definition/Elucidation
2.Description
3.Narration
4.Cause & Effect
 Writing Patterns
5. Problem and Solution
6. Comparison and Contrast
7. Enumeration
8. Classification
9. Thesis-Evidence
 Approaches in Determining Text
Structure
1.By noting language cues
2.By making graphic representation of
the text
3.By outlining
1. By Language Cues
These are signal words that is
universally used in a specific
writing pattern.
 Language Cues
e.g. means, is, DEFINITION
denotes,
implies, appears
as though,
refers,
 Language Cues
e.g. tall, dark, DESCRIPTION
pretty, good,
 Language Cues
e.g. first, NARRATION
second, then,
before, after,
while, (dates)
 Language Cues
e.g. attributed
to, because of, CAUSE
largely, due to

e.g. such as so, so EFFECT

that, as a result,
consequently
 Language Cues
e.g. dilemma PROBLEM-
is, if/then, so SOLUTION
that, solves,
an answer to,
 Language Cues
e.g. similarly, in
like manner, in COMPARISON
the same way

e.g. contrary, CONTRAST

although, in
contrast, however
 Language Cues
e.g.first, second, ENUMERATION
then, before,
after,
 Language Cues
e.g. types, CLASSIFICATION
kinds, a part of,
an example of,
Let’s practice
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Sample from Ancestral Houses of Laguna by Marietta Gapud

Mercado House. … this early Spanish period house has the

typical elongated floor plan where rooms follow each other in a
train-like sequence. Typical too is the wooden projecting upper
floor cantilevered by the adobe zaguan below. The façade is
severely simple windows of plain slatted capiz. Its floor plan is
quite introverted in the sense that bedrooms dominate the
upper area fronting the main street, thus leaving no space for
the usual ‘grandstand” where one usually watched parades of
processions outside. Recurring themes are huge thick doors
and grand arches.
 Description
A descriptive text gives a concrete
details about appearance,
characteristics, or actions. Some words
that signal descriptions are adjectives to
describe size, shape, position, color,
texture; adverbs to qualify an action or
thing; and adjective phrases.
 Preparing the Poor Man’s Leche Flan
Break four eggs in a bowl and beat for about 5 minutes or until the
white is evenly mixed with the yolk. Next, pour 1 small can of
condensed milk and ½ small can of evaporated milk into the bowl and
mix. Set this aside. Then place a llanera or leche flan mold over a low
fire and prepare the caramel by melting 5 tablespoons of washed
sugar in a little water until it thickens. Set this aside until the caramel
cools and hardens. Afterwards, pour the mixture of eggs and milk into
the llanera and cover it with aluminum foil. Put the llanera into a
steamer and cook for about 10 minutes. Finally, to test if it is ready,
use a toothpick: if some solid particles stick to it, it’s done.
Preparing the Poor Man’s Leche Flan
Break four eggs in a bowl and beat for about 5 minutes or until the
white is evenly mixed with the yolk. Next, pour 1 small can of condensed
milk and ½ small can of evaporated milk into the bowl and mix. Set this
aside. Then place a llanera or leche flan mold over a low fire and
prepare the caramel by melting 5 tablespoons of washed sugar in a little
water until it thickens. Set this aside until the caramel cools and
hardens. Afterwards, pour the mixture of eggs and milk into the llanera
and cover it with aluminum foil. Put the llanera into a steamer and cook
for about 10 minutes. Finally, to test if it is ready, use a toothpick: if
some solid particles stick to it, it’s done.
Preparing the Poor Man’s Leche Flan
Break four eggs in a bowl and beat for about 5 minutes or until the
white is evenly mixed with the yolk. Next, pour 1 small can of condensed
milk and ½ small can of evaporated milk into the bowl and mix. Set this
aside. Then place a llanera or leche flan mold over a low fire and prepare
the caramel by melting 5 tablespoons of washed sugar in a little water
until it thickens. Set this aside until the caramel cools and hardens.
Afterwards, pour the mixture of eggs and milk into the llanera and cover it
with aluminum foil. Put the llanera into a steamer and cook for about 10
minutes. Finally, to test if it is ready, use a toothpick: if some solid
particles stick to it, it’s done.
Preparing the Poor Man’s Leche Flan
Break four eggs in a bowl and beat for about 5 minutes or until the
white is evenly mixed with the yolk. Next, pour 1 small can of condensed
milk and ½ small can of evaporated milk into the bowl and mix. Set this
aside. Then place a llanera or leche flan mold over a low fire and
prepare the caramel by melting 5 tablespoons of washed sugar in a little
water until it thickens. Set this aside until the caramel cools and
hardens. Afterwards, pour the mixture of eggs and milk into the llanera
and cover it with aluminum foil. Put the llanera into a steamer and cook
for about 10 minutes. Finally, to test if it is ready, use a toothpick: if some
solid particles stick to it, it’s done.
Preparing the Poor Man’s Leche Flan
Break four eggs in a bowl and beat for about 5 minutes or until the
white is evenly mixed with the yolk. Next, pour 1 small can of condensed
milk and ½ small can of evaporated milk into the bowl and mix. Set this
aside. Then place a llanera or leche flan mold over a low fire and
prepare the caramel by melting 5 tablespoons of washed sugar in a little
water until it thickens. Set this aside until the caramel cools and
hardens. Afterwards, pour the mixture of eggs and milk into the llanera
and cover it with aluminum foil. Put the llanera into a steamer and cook
for about 10 minutes. Finally, to test if it is ready, use a toothpick: if some
solid particles stick to it, it’s done.
Preparing the Poor Man’s Leche Flan
Break four eggs in a bowl and beat for about 5 minutes or until the
white is evenly mixed with the yolk. Next, pour 1 small can of condensed
milk and ½ small can of evaporated milk into the bowl and mix. Set this
aside. Then place a llanera or leche flan mold over a low fire and prepare
the caramel by melting 5 tablespoons of washed sugar in a little water
until it thickens. Set this aside until the caramel cools and hardens.
Afterwards, pour the mixture of eggs and milk into the llanera and cover it
with aluminum foil. Put the llanera into a steamer and cook for about 10
minutes. Finally, to test if it is ready, use a toothpick: if some solid
particles stick to it, it’s done.
 NARRATION
A chronological narration of a
historical period, a sequential
description of a process or a
procedure.
Texting, an abbreviated form of writing used on mobile
phones and pagers with tiny screens and keyboards,
suspends normal convention of grammar, spelling, and
punctuation. It is a hybrid construct, combining elements
of writing with speech forms but its mixing takes entirely
new resonances and characteristics. Texting appears as
though people are talking when in fact they are writing.
Texting resembles speech because of its “etherial and
fleeting” qualities. Yet, it also resembles written text
because the text has physicality in the form of the words
and symbols printed on the screen.
Texting, an abbreviated form of writing used on mobile
phones and pagers with tiny screens and keyboards,
suspends normal convention of grammar, spelling, and
punctuation. It is a hybrid construct, combining elements
of writing with speech forms but its mixing takes entirely
new resonances and characteristics. Texting appears as
though people are talking when in fact they are writing.
Texting resembles speech because of its “etherial and
fleeting” qualities. Yet, it also resembles written text
because the text has physicality in the form of the words
and symbols printed on the screen.
Texting, an abbreviated form of writing used on mobile
phones and pagers with tiny screens and keyboards,
suspends normal convention of grammar, spelling, and
punctuation. It is a hybrid construct, combining elements
of writing with speech forms but its mixing takes entirely
new resonances and characteristics. Texting appears as
though people are talking when in fact they are writing.
Texting resembles speech because of its “etherial and
fleeting” qualities. Yet, it also resembles written text
because the text has physicality in the form of the words
and symbols printed on the screen.
 DEFINITION
A method of giving satisfactory
explanation to the meaning of the
word and may point limitations to
the given meaning.
The difference between Buddhism from
Hinduism is that Buddhism has ultimate objective
of attaining Nirvana. Like Hinduism, Buddhism
allows religious divergence. Unlike it,though,
Buddhism rejects the Caste system.
The difference between Buddhism from
Hinduism is that Buddhism has ultimate objective
of attaining Nirvana. Like Hinduism, Buddhism
allows religious divergence. Unlike it,though,
Buddhism rejects the Caste system.
The difference between Buddhism from
Hinduism is that Buddhism has ultimate objective
of attaining Nirvana. Like Hinduism, Buddhism
allows religious divergence. Unlike it,though,
Buddhism rejects the Caste system.
The difference between Buddhism from
Hinduism is that Buddhism has ultimate objective
of attaining Nirvana. Like Hinduism, Buddhism
allows religious divergence. Unlike it,though,
Buddhism rejects the Caste system.
The difference between Buddhism from
Hinduism is that Buddhism has ultimate objective
of attaining Nirvana. Like Hinduism, Buddhism
allows religious divergence. Unlike it,though,
Buddhism rejects the Caste system.
 COMPARISON & CONTRAST
• Trying to note the likeness and unlikeness of
the two being compared.
There are different kinds of flowers. The first on
the list is the thorny roses which varies in
different colors; from the red to white, to pink or
lavander. Another kind of flowers are the tulips.
Tulips are fragrant-producing flowers. These are
just some kinds of flowers.
There are different kinds of flowers. The first on
the list is the thorny roses which varies in
different colors; from the red to white, to pink or
lavander. Another kind of flowers are the tulips.
Tulips are fragrant-producing flowers. These are
just some kinds of flowers.
There are different kinds of flowers. The first on
the list is the thorny roses which variesin
different colors; from the red to white, to pink or
lavander. Another kind of flowers are the tulips.
Tulips are fragrant-producing flowers. These are
just some kinds of flowers.
There are different kinds of flowers. The first on
the list is the thorny roses which variesin
different colors; from the red to white, to pink or
lavander. Another kind of flowers are the tulips.
Tulips are fragrant-producing flowers. These are
just some kinds of flowers.
There are different kinds of flowers. The first on
the list is the thorny roses which variesin
different colors; from the red to white, to pink or
lavander. Another kind of flowers are the tulips.
Tulips are fragrant-producing flowers. These are
just some kinds of flowers.
 CLASSIFICATION
Taking down notes the
important relationship of an
enumerated list based on a
given standards.
Colors can mean a lot of things. It can influence
our emotions, our actions, and our perceptions .
Red, the warmest, means confidence, courages,
and vitality. Yellow symbolizes wisdom,
happiness, and intellectual energy. Pink
symbolizes love and beauty. Green symbolizes
life, fertility, and nature. Blue symbolizes youth,
truth, and peace.
Colors can mean a lot of things. It can influence
our emotions, our actions, and our perceptions .
Red, the warmest, means confidence, courages,
and vitality. Yellow symbolizes wisdom,
happiness, and intellectual energy. Pink
symbolizes love and beauty. Green symbolizes
life, fertility, and nature. Blue symbolizes youth,
truth, and peace.
Colors can mean a lot of things. It can influence
our emotions, our actions, and the way we
perceive things. Red, the warmest, means
confidence, courages, and vitality. Yellow
symbolizes wisdom, happiness, and intellectual
energy. Pink symbolizes love and beauty. Green
symbolizes life, fertility, and nature. Blue
symbolizes youth, truth, and peace.
Colors can mean a lot of things. It can influence
our emotions, our actions, and the way we
perceive things. Red, the warmest, means
confidence, courages, and vitality. Yellow
symbolizes wisdom, happiness, and intellectual
energy. Pink symbolizes love and beauty. Green
symbolizes life, fertility, and nature. Blue
symbolizes youth, truth, and peace.
Colors can mean a lot of things. It can influence
our emotions, our actions, and the way we
perceive things. Red, the warmest, means
confidence, courages, and vitality. Yellow
symbolizes wisdom, happiness, and intellectual
energy. Pink symbolizes love and beauty. Green
symbolizes life, fertility, and nature. Blue
symbolizes youth, truth, and peace.
Colors can mean a lot of things. It can influence
our emotions, our actions, and the way we
perceive things. Red, the warmest, means
confidence, courages, and vitality. Yellow
symbolizes wisdom, happiness, and intellectual
energy. Pink symbolizes love and beauty. Green
symbolizes life, fertility, and nature. Blue
symbolizes youth, truth, and peace.
 ENUMERATION
The topic sentence is
introduced first, then examples
are enumerated afterwards.
Heavy rainfalls are one of the major cause of
floods. The level of water in rivers rises due to
heavy rainfalls. When the water level rises above
the riverbanks, the water starts overflowing,
which causes flood. The water overflows to the
areas adjoining to the rivers causing flood or
deluge. The flood water causes havoc and great
destruction in the areas where it flows. Floods
occur more in the regions that get heavy rainfall
Heavy rainfalls are one of the major cause of
floods. The level of water in rivers rises due to
heavy rainfalls. When the water level rises above
the riverbanks, the water starts overflowing,
which causes flood. The water overflows to the
areas adjoining to the rivers causing flood or
deluge. The flood water causes havoc and great
destruction in the areas where it flows. Floods
occur more in the regions that get heavy rainfall
Heavy rainfalls are one of the major cause of
floods. The level of water in rivers rises due to
heavy rainfalls. When the water level rises above
the riverbanks, the water starts overflowing,
which causes flood. The water overflows to the
areas adjoining to the rivers causing flood or
deluge. The flood water causes havoc and great
destruction in the areas where it flows. Floods
occur more in the regions that get heavy rainfall
Heavy rainfalls are one of the major cause of
floods. The level of water in rivers rises due to
heavy rainfalls. When the water level rises above
the riverbanks, the water starts overflowing,
which causes flood. The water overflows to the
areas adjoining to the rivers causing flood or
deluge. The flood water causes havoc and great
destruction in the areas where it flows. Floods
occur more in the regions that get heavy rainfall
 CAUSE & EFFECT
It explains how a certain
cause produces results or
effects.
Why Filipino Kids are not Learning
…To discover the poor achievement among incoming freshmen,
a survey of their reading levels was likewise done following the
2002 NDT test. The initial conclusion: incoming HS students in
Metro Manila were reading at the late Grade 4 and early Grade 5
levels, or about two years behind in terms of age and grade
levels. Little wonder then that our public secondary students
fared in the readiness and achievement tests.
To address this problem, DepEd set a number policy directions,
including: new grading system to reflect true performance of the
students, High School Bridge program to help those that need
help the most, and “Every Child a Reader” program.
Why Filipino Kids are not Learning
…To discover the poor achievement among incoming freshmen,
a survey of their reading levels was likewise done following the
2002 NDT test. The initial conclusion: incoming HS students in
Metro Manila were reading at the late Grade 4 and early Grade 5
levels, or about two years behind in terms of age and grade
levels. Little wonder then that our public secondary students
fared in the readiness and achievement tests.
To address this problem, DepEd set a number policy directions,
including: new grading system to reflect true performance of the
students, High School Bridge program to help those that need
help the most, and “Every Child a Reader” program.
Why Filipino Kids are not Learning
…To discover the poor achievement among incoming freshmen,
a survey of their reading levels was likewise done following the
2002 NDT test. The initial conclusion: incoming HS students in
Metro Manila were reading at the late Grade 4 and early Grade 5
levels, or about two years behind in terms of age and grade
levels. Little wonder then that our public secondary students
fared in the readiness and achievement tests.
To address this problem, DepEd set a number policy directions,
including: new grading system to reflect true performance of the
students, High School Bridge program to help those that need
help the most, and “Every Child a Reader” program.
 PROBLEM-SOLUTION
A way of presenting reasons of
the problem and the possible
solutions of the problem.
Liberalism is a political doctrine that takes protecting
and enhancing the freedom of the individual to be
central problem of politics.It means that government is
necessary to protect individuals from being harmed by
others, but they also recognize that government itself
can pose a threat to liberty.