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Understanding Confidence Interval Estimates For The Sample Mean

This document discusses confidence intervals for estimating population means from sample data. It defines confidence level and confidence interval, provides formulas for computing confidence intervals using the normal distribution, and gives examples of computing point estimates and 95% confidence intervals. The key points are that confidence intervals provide a range of values that may contain the true population parameter, and the confidence level indicates the likelihood this interval will contain the parameter across many samples.

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66 views

Understanding Confidence Interval Estimates For The Sample Mean

This document discusses confidence intervals for estimating population means from sample data. It defines confidence level and confidence interval, provides formulas for computing confidence intervals using the normal distribution, and gives examples of computing point estimates and 95% confidence intervals. The key points are that confidence intervals provide a range of values that may contain the true population parameter, and the confidence level indicates the likelihood this interval will contain the parameter across many samples.

Uploaded by

Gena Clarish Carreon
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNDERSTANDING CONFIDENCE INTERVAL

ESTIMATES FOR THE SAMPLE MEAN


Lesson Objectives

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

• define confidence level;


• define confidence interval;
• apply the normal curve concepts in computing the interval
estimate; and
• compute confidence interval estimates.
Pre-Assessment
Pre-Assessment
Lesson Introduction
Suppose we want to know the “true” average weight of all
the students in the population where the students in this
class belong. We can increase the precision of our guess by
getting as many random samples as we can from the
population where the students purportedly come from.
Form five groups and name each Group A, Group B, Group
C, Group D, and Group E. Assume that these groups are
random samples.
Lesson Introduction
Group Tasks
• Using a weighing scale, find the weight of each group member carefully.
• Compute the mean weight and the standard deviation of each group.
• Compute the mean of the group means.
• How would you describe your group based on the result of the
computation?
• What is your estimate of the mean of the population where your group
seems to belong?
• Reflect on your estimation. Are you confident about it? To what extent
are you confident? Express your confidence as a percentage.
Discussion Points
• An interval estimate, called a confidence interval, is a range of
values that is used to estimate a parameter. This estimate
may or may not contain the true parameter value.

• The confidence level of an interval estimate of a parameter is


the probability that the interval estimate contains the
parameter. It describes what percentage of intervals from
many different samples contain the unknown population
parameter
Discussion Points
Formula for Confidence Interval

  
E  z / 2  
 n
However, when σ is not known (as is often the case), the sample standard deviation s is used

to approximate σ. So, the formula for E is modified.

 s 
E  z / 2  
 n
Discussion Points
• In computing a confidence interval for a population mean by using
raw data, round off to one more decimal place than the number of
decimal places in the original data.

• In computing a confidence interval for a population mean by using


a sample mean and a standard deviation, round off to the same
number of decimal places as given for the mean.
Discussion Points
Example 1
•  
Find the best point Given:
estimate. Find the =
estimate of the = 72
population mean μ
using the 95%
confidence level.
Point Estimate
95% Confidence Interval
Example 2
•A  researcher wants to estimate the number of hours that 5-
year old children spend watching television. A sample of 50
five-year old children was observed to have a mean viewing
time of 3 hours. The population is normally distributed with
a population standard deviation = 0.5 hours, find:
•the best point estimate of the population mean
•the 95% confidence interval of the population mean
Solution
Solution
Exercises
1. What measure of central value best estimates the population mean?
2. Why is the interval estimate a preferred value for the population parameter?
3. Given the information: the sampled population is normally distributed, X– = 36.5,
σ = 3, and n = 20.
a. What is the 95% confidence interval estimate for μ?
b. Are the assumptions satisfied? Explain why.
4. A sample of 60 Grade 9 students’ ages was obtained to estimate the mean age of
all Grade 9 students. X– = 15.3 years and the population variance is 16.
• What is the point estimate for μ?
• Find the 95% confidence interval for μ.
• Find the 99% confidence interval for μ.
• What conclusions can you make based on each estimate?
Summary

• An interval estimate, called a confidence interval, is a range of values


that is used to estimate a parameter. This estimate may or may not
contain the true parameter value.

• The confidence level of an interval estimate of a parameter is the


probability that the interval estimate contains the parameter. It
describes what percentage of intervals from many different samples
contain the unknown population parameter

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