iOS Mobile App Development

CT108-3-2 (Version 2)

iOS Framework
 Topic & Structure of The Lesson

• Frameworks – Static and Dynamic

• UIKit framework
• Foundation framework
• Core image framework
• SpriteKit framework
• AV Foundation framework
• Core motion framework

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 Learning Outcomes

• At the end of this topic, You should be able

to
– List out available frameworks in iOS
technology
– Select suitable frameworks for specific
purpose

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 Key Terms You Must Be Able To
Use
• If you have mastered this topic, you should be able to use the following
terms correctly in your assignments and exams:
• Media
• UIKit
• Core
• Foundation
• Static
• Dynamic

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 Introduction

• A hierarchical directory that encapsulates

shared resources, such as a dynamic
shared library, nib files, image files,
localized strings, header files, and
reference documentation in a single
package.
• A bundle and its contents can be accessed
using Core Foundation Bundle Services or
the Cocoa NSBundle class
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 Introduction

• Serve the same purpose as static and

dynamic shared libraries, that is, they
provide a library of routines that can be
called by an application to perform a
specific task.
• Example:
– Application Kit and Foundation frameworks
provide the programmatic interfaces for the
Cocoa classes and methods.
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 App Using Static Library

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 App Using Dynamic Library

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 UIKit framework

• Construct and manage a graphical, event-

driven user interface for your iOS or tvOS
app.
• Provides
– The window and view architecture for
implementing your interface,
– The event handling infrastructure for
delivering Multi-Touch and other types of input
to your app

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 UIKit framework

• Provides
– Other features offered by the framework
• Animation support,
• Document support,
• Drawing and printing support,
• Information about the current device,
• Text management and display,
• Search support,
• Accessibility support,
• App extension support,
• Resource management.

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 UIKit framework

• Manage app Interaction with the system

and provides classes for the developer to
manage the app data and resources.
• E.g.
– Manage data model
– Manage images, string, storyboard, nib file
– Extend application function to other part of
the system.

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 UIKit framework

• User Interface
– Manage view and structure of the interface.
• Views and controls
• View Controller
• View layout

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 UIKit - Views and controls

• Views and controls

are the visual building
blocks of your app’s
user interface. Use
them to draw and
organize your app’s
content onscreen.

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 UIKit -View Controller

• Manage your interface using view

controllers and facilitate navigation around
your app's content.
– class UIViewController
– class UITableViewController
– class UITabBarController
– class UINavigationController
• For more information :
– https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit/view_controllers

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 UIKit - View layout

• Use stack views to lay out the views of

your interface automatically.
– UIStackView
• Use Auto Layout when you require precise
placement of your views.
– Constraints
• Class NSLayoutConstraint
• Protocol UILayoutSupport
• Class NSLayoutDimension

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 AppKit Framework

• Construct and manage a graphical, event-

driven user interface for your macOS app.
• Contains all the objects needed to implement
the user interface for a macOS app
– Windows,
– Panels,
– Buttons,
– Scrollers,
– Text fields

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 AppKit Framework

• Handles all the details efficiently to draw on

the screen, communicates with hardware
devices and screen buffers, clears areas of
the screen before drawing, and clips views.
– App Structure (AppCore)
– User Interface and Interaction
– Graphic, Drawing, Color and Printing
– Text

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 AppKit - Core App

• Objects interaction with the system

– Class NSApplication
– Protocol NSApplicationDelegate
– Class NSUserDefaultsController
– Class NSSharingService

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 AppKit - User Interaction

• Handle events related to mouse,

keyboard, and trackpad input.
– Class NSResponder
– Class NSEvent
– Class NSPanGestureRecognizer

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 Supported Media Formats

• OS X supports more than 100 media types,

covering a range of audio, video, image, and
streaming formats.
• Image formats
– PICT, BMP, GIF, JPEG, TIFF, PNG, DIB, ICO, EPS,
PDF
• Audio file and data formats
– AAC, AIFF, WAVE, uLaw, AC3, MPEG-3, MPEG-4
(.mp4, .m4a), .snd, .au, .caf, Adaptive multi-rate
(.amr)

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 Supported Media Formats

• Video file formats

– AVI, AVR, DV, M-JPEG, MPEG-1, MPEG-2,
MPEG-4, AAC, OpenDML, 3GPP, 3GPP2,
AMC, H.264, iTunes (.m4v), QuickTime (.mov,
.qt)
• Web streaming protocols
– HTTP, RTP, RTSP

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 Foundation Framework

• Access essential data types, collections, and

operating-system services to define the base
layer of functionality for your app.
• Provides a base layer of functionality for apps and
frameworks, including
– data storage and persistence,
– text processing,
– date and time calculations,
– sorting and filtering,
– networking.

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 Foundation Framework

• Numbers, Data, and Basic Values

• Work with primitive values and other
fundamental types used throughout Cocoa.
• Handle
– Strings and Text
– Collections
– Dates and Times
– Filters and Sorting

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 Foundation Framework

• Support
– Task Management
– Resources
– Notifications
– App Extension Support
– Errors and Exceptions

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 EventKit UI Framework

• Display an interface for viewing, selecting,

and editing calendar events and reminders.
• Show calendar and reminder information to
the user modally.
• Provides view controllers for viewing and
editing calendar and reminder information,
choosing which calendar to view, and for
determining whether to present calendars as
read-only or readable and writeable.
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 EventKit Framework

• Provides access to calendar and

reminders data for users to create,
retrieve, and edit calendar items in the
app.
• Can to set up alarms and create recurring
events.
• Can detect the chances in Calendar
database (outside app)

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 PushKit Frameworks

• Sends specific types of notifications

directly to your app for processing.
• Different from UserNotifications
framework, never display alerts, badge
your app's icon, or play sounds.
– Better battery life
– Launch the app if it is not running

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 Core Image Framework

• Image processing and analysis technology

that provides high-performance processing
for still and video images.
• Use the many built-in image filters to
process images and build complex effects
by chaining filters.
• Apply effects (tint, highlight strengthening,
and scaling)

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 Core Animation Framework

• Provides high frame rates and smooth

animations without burdening the CPU
and slowing down your app.
• Handing off most of the work to dedicated
graphics hardware, to accelerate
rendering.
• Use for render, compose, and animate
visual elements.

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 PDFKit Framework

• Display and manipulate PDF documents in

your applications.
• Add widgets, annotation to pdf document

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 SpriteKit Framework

• Use for drawing shapes, particles, text,

images, and video in 2D.
• Offering a simple programming interface to
make it easy to create games and other
graphics-intensive apps.
• Use SceneKit framework for 3D games
and add 3D content

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 GameKit Framework

• Create apps that allow players to interact

with each other (real-time network
matches)

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 AddressBookUI Framework

• Access users’ contacts and display them in a

graphical interface.
• Provides controllers that facilitate displaying,
editing, selecting, and creating records in the
Address Book database.
• Replaced by Contacts UI framework
• Use contact framework to access the user’s
contact information.
• Optimized for thread-safe, read-only usage.
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 AVKit Frameworks

• Create view-level services for media

playback, complete with user controls,
chapter navigation, and support for
subtitles and closed captioning.

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 AVFoundation Framework

• Work with audiovisual assets, control

device cameras, process audio, and
configure system audio interactions.
• Combines four major technology areas that
together encompass a wide range of tasks
for capturing, processing, synthesizing,
controlling, importing and exporting
audiovisual media on Apple platforms.

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 Core Bluetooth Framework

• Provides the classes needed for the apps

to communicate with devices that are
equipped with Bluetooth low energy
wireless technology.

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 LocalAuthentication
Framework
• Many users rely on biometric
authentication like Face ID or Touch ID to
enable secure, effortless access to their
devices.
• Authenticate users biometrically or with
existing a passphrase.

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 Core Motion Framework

• Process accelerometer, gyroscope,

pedometer, and environment-related
events.
• Reports motion- and environment-related
data from the onboard hardware
(hardware generated data)
• Widely use in game to control the
onscreen game behaviour.

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 Quick Review Question

1. Group the frameworks into different

categories.
2. Explain any 5 frameworks.
3. Select suitable frameworks that able to
add an event into the calendar.
4. Based on your answer (Q3), briefly
explain 2 functions available in the
selected frameworks.

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 Summary of Main Teaching Points

• Static and dynamic frameworks.

• Different iOS technology layers
– Frameworks
• Related frameworks at different layers.

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 Question and Answer Session

Q&A

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 What we will cover next

App TableView

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