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Constructivism: Presented By: H.M Afzal Hameed 2019-1523

Constructivism is a theory of learning that says people actively construct their own understanding and knowledge through experiences and reflecting on those experiences. Key contributors to constructivism include Piaget, Vygotsky, Dewey and Montessori. Constructivist learning emphasizes exploration, hands-on activities and social interaction over direct instruction, with assessment through student works and observations rather than testing.

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Malik Musnef
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31 views

Constructivism: Presented By: H.M Afzal Hameed 2019-1523

Constructivism is a theory of learning that says people actively construct their own understanding and knowledge through experiences and reflecting on those experiences. Key contributors to constructivism include Piaget, Vygotsky, Dewey and Montessori. Constructivist learning emphasizes exploration, hands-on activities and social interaction over direct instruction, with assessment through student works and observations rather than testing.

Uploaded by

Malik Musnef
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONSTRUCTIVISM

Presented By:
H.M Afzal Hameed
2019-1523
WHAT IS CONSTRUCTIVISM

 Constructivism is basically a theory


 based on observation and scientific study
about how people learn.
 It says that people construct their own
understanding and knowledge of the world
 through experiencing things and reflecting on
those experiences.
CONSTRUCTIVISM
When we encounter something new
 we have to reconcile it with our previous ideas and
experience
 maybe changing what we believe, or

 Maybe discarding the new information as irrelevant.

 In any case, we are active creators of our own


knowledge.
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN ???
Constructivism is the idea that learning doesn’t just happen
by the traditional methods of teachers standing in front
of the class and lecturing.
HISTORY
 Early educational philosophies did not place much value
on what would become constructivist ideas; children's
play and exploration was seen as aimless and of little
importance.
 Jean Piaget did not agree with these traditional views,
however. He saw play as an important and necessary part
of the student's cognitive development and provided
scientific evidence for his views.
INFLUENTIAL CONSTRUCTIVISTS
 John Dewey (1859–1952)
 Maria Montessori(1870–1952)

 Jean Piaget (1896–1980)

 Lev Vygotsky (1896–1934)

 Heinz von Foerster (1911–2002)

 George Kelly (1905–1967)

 Jerome Bruner (1915–)


CONSTRUCTIVE LEARNING MODEL
CONFUCIUS AND CONSTRUCTIVISM

It is best described by Confucius’ quote:


“I hear and I forget.
I see and I remember.
I do and I understand.” (Cashman et al 390)
THEORY OF CONSTRUCTIVISM
 Formalization of the theory of constructivism is
generally attributed to Jean Piaget, who articulated
mechanisms by which knowledge is internalized by
learners. He suggested that through process of
assimilation and accommodation individuals
construct new knowledge from their experiences.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTIVISM

 Learners construct their own meaning.


 New learning builds on prior knowledge.
 Learning enhanced by social interaction.
 Meaningful learning develops through authentic task.
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTIVISM

 Cognitive Constructivism
or
Individual Constructivism
 Social Constructivism
COGNITIVE CONSTRUCTIVISM
 Cognitive constructivism also called as individual
constructivism emphasizes on individual internal
construction of knowledge.
 Largely based on Piaget’s theory.

 Learners should be allowed to discover principles


through their own exploration rather than direct
instruction by the teacher.
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISM
 Knowledge exits in a social context and is initially
shared with others instead of being represented solely in
the mind of an individual.

 Based on Vygotsky’s theory.


DIFFERENCE B/W TRADITIONAL AND CONSTRUCTIVIST
CLASSROOM

Traditional Classroom Constructivist Classroom


It is based on basic skills It is focuses on the big concept

Teacher centric approach Child centric approach

Strict adherence to fixed curriculum Pursuit of student questions / interests

Teacher’s role is directive, rooted in Teacher role is interactive and rooted in


authority negotiations

Learning is based on rote memorization Learning is based on interaction and there is


exchange of ideas b/w teachers and students
DIFFERENCE CONT….
Traditional Classroom Constructivist Classroom
Assessment via testing / correct Assessment via student works,
answers observations, points of view, tests.
Knowledge is inert Knowledge is dynamic / changes with
experiences
Students work individually Students work in groups
LEARNING IMPACTS OF CONSTRUCTIVISM

 Curriculum : Constructivism calls for the elimination of


a standardized curriculum.
 Instruction : Teacher rely heavily on open ended
questions and promote extensive dialogue among
students.
 Assessment : Constructivism calls for the elimination of
grades and standardized testing.
BENEFITS OF CONSTRUCTIVISM IF WE
IMPLEMENT IN OUR CLASSROOM:
 Children learn more and enjoy learning
 Promote divergent thinking
 Education works best when it concentrates
on thinking and Understanding rather than
on rote memorization.
 Boost the confidence of learners
 Constructivist learning is transferable.
BENEFITS OF CONSTRUCTIVISM CONT…
 Constructivism concentrates on how to think and
Understand
 Promote collaborative learning
 Constructivism gives students ownership of what they
learn, Since learning is based on students.
 Engaging the creative instincts develops student’s abilities
to express knowledge through a variety of ways.
 Constructivism promotes social and communication skills
By creating a classroom environment that emphasizes.
WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR ME ?
 I would definitely use some constructivist methods in my
classroom because I believe that it is a well-developed
concept. As a student, I definitely learn better when I am
more focused, engaged, and interested. As a teacher, it
feels good to watch a student expand their knowledge in
hands-on ways.

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