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Lecture 5

Manufacturing and Reverse Engineering

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Muhammad Irfan
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46 views

Lecture 5

Manufacturing and Reverse Engineering

Uploaded by

Muhammad Irfan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LECTURE OBJECTIVES

To develop an understanding of:

 Lathe Machine & its parts


 Types of Lathe Machine
 Lathe Operations
Lathe

• Lathe is a machine which removes the metal from a piece of work to


the required shape & size.
Component Description
Types of Lathe

1. Speed lathe
2. Workshop lathe
3. Engine lathe
4. Tool room lathe
5. Special type lathe or turret lathe
6. CNC Lathe
Types of Lathe

1. Speed Lathe
 Consist of three parts 1) head stock
2) tail stock 3) simplest type of tool
 It can operate in 3-4 speeds.
 Spindle speed is very high.
 Used for machining operation such
as polishing, wood turning, and
metal chapping.
Types of Lathe

2. Workshop lathe
 Mostly small in size
 Used for home workshop
 Chuck size is about 7 inch
 Center to center distance 12 to 18
inches
 It can operate in 6-8 speeds.
Types of Lathe
Engine lathe
 Used in industries for heavy work
 Classified into two types.
I. Bench type
II. Pedestal type
I. Bench type
 Components are mounted on a bench
 Chuck size is 30 inch
 Used for light work
 Center to center distance is about 20 inches
Types of Lathe

II. Pedestal type


 Mounted on bed
 Size is greater than bench type
machine
 Center to center distance is
about 3 ft to 12 ft
 Speed 1400 to 5600 rpm
 Spindle size may varies up
to 50 in
Types of Lathe

4. Tool room lathe


• Advance form of engine lathe
• May be bench type or pedestal
type
• Speed is high and accuracy is
more
• Depth of cut is also more
Types of Lathe
5. Special type lathe or turret lathe
 More then one tool on tool post, called
turret
 Many types of operations can be
performed same time
 Designed to reduced skilled labor and to
increase the production.
 Turret lathe is used for repeated
production of duplicate parts.
 Turret lathe perform multiple cutting
execution with different cutters.
Types of Lathe
6. CNC Lathe
 It is the most advanced featured and
electronically controlled lathe machine for
ease of operation with consistent and
accurate output.
 It requires very low human intervenes
during the operation.
 CNC lathe is completely atomized with
computer program and required skilled
worker having the knowledge of
computer operation to handle the machine.
Applications of Lathes

 Lathe is one of the most used engineering machines for various


industries and has different applications.

 Lathe machines are used in automobile, repairing shops, tool rooms,


workshops of various industries like automobiles, power plants, steel
rolling mills, paper, textile and mining industries etc.
Lathe Operations
Following operations can be performed on a lathe:
1. Turning (Facing, Tapper turning, Contour turning, Form turning,
Chemfering, Cutoff, Threading, Knurling, Finishing)
2. Drilling
3. Boring
4. Reaming
Summary of Lathe Operations
Machining operations that are
performed on a lathe:
(a)Facing
(b) Tapper turning
(c) contour turning
(d) form turning
(e) chamfering
(f) cutoff
(g) threading
(h) Boring
(i) drilling
(j) knurling
Lathe Operations

1. Turning

Work piece held in jaws


Mostly right hand tool is
used
Such tool feed from right to
left towards head stock
assembly
Most turning starts from
roughing then finishing cut
Lathe Operations

Tapper Turning

An operation
performed on a lathe
that feeds a tool at an
angle to the length of
the work piece in order
to create a conical
shape.
Lathe Operations

Facing
Facing is done to Left hand and right
produced flat surface. hand tools are mostly
The tool travels across the used
end of rotating work
piece.
Lathe Operations

Knurling
Knurling consists of making regular shaped
rough surfaces on a work piece
The lathe is set so that the chuck revolves at a
low speed.
The knurling tool is then pressed against the
rotating steel and pressure is slowly increased
until the tool produces a pattern on the steel. 
Lathe Operations

Threading
Threading is done on a work piece to
produce the threads on the surface of
the work piece for using it for joint
e.g nuts and bolt
Thread
Terminology
Lathe Operations

Pitch
Distance from point on one thread to corresponding point on next thread,
measured parallel to axis
Lead
Distance screw thread advances axially in one revolution.
Depth of thread
Distance between crest and root measured perpendicular to axis
Angle of thread
Included angle between sides of thread measured in axial plane
Helix angle
Angle that thread makes with plane perpendicular to thread axis
Lathe Operations

Finishing
 Finishing is done to achieve superior
surface finish up to mirror-like finishing
and very close dimensional precision.
 The finishing operations are assigned as the
last operations in typical single part
production cycle usually after the
conventional or abrasive machining
operations.
Lathe Operations

Drilling
 Hold the drill in quill while workpiece on face
plate
 Taper shank is used for dia more than ½” and
mounted on quill
 Below ½” used regular quill chuck and mount
on tail stock quill
 For deep hole occasionally withdraw the drill
to clear the chips
Lathe Operations

Boring

During boring on the lathe machine


the work is held in a chuck
While the tool is fixed at the tool
post
Boring is used to enlarge the
existing hole
Lathe Operations

Reaming
Reaming is done for the final
smoothing or slightly increase the size
of the hole
Reamer is held at tail stock quill by
using
1. Tapper shank
2. Straight shank

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