Scribd
Upload
46 views

By:-Mahipal Singh Mba Gen 2 Sem

This document discusses descriptive research methods. It provides definitions and examples of descriptive research, which involves gathering and organizing data to describe events and identify patterns. The document also outlines different data collection techniques used in descriptive research, such as surveys, interviews, observations, and portfolios. It discusses advantages and disadvantages of these various techniques. Finally, it emphasizes that descriptive research is useful for educational research as it can reveal needed changes without attempting to control variables.

Uploaded by

Anant Jain
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
46 views

By:-Mahipal Singh Mba Gen 2 Sem

This document discusses descriptive research methods. It provides definitions and examples of descriptive research, which involves gathering and organizing data to describe events and identify patterns. The document also outlines different data collection techniques used in descriptive research, such as surveys, interviews, observations, and portfolios. It discusses advantages and disadvantages of these various techniques. Finally, it emphasizes that descriptive research is useful for educational research as it can reveal needed changes without attempting to control variables.

Uploaded by

Anant Jain
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

By:-

Mahipal Singh
MBA GEN 2nd SEM.
 It Involves gathering data that describe
events and then organizes, tabulates,
depicts, and describes the data.
 Uses description as a tool to organize data
into patterns that emerge during analysis.
 Often uses visual aids such as graphs and
charts to aid the reader
 What is the best way to provide access to
computer equipment in schools?
 Do teachers hold favorable attitudes toward
using computers in schools?
 What have been the reactions of school
administrators to technological innovations in
teaching?
 Refers to the nature of the research question
 The design of the research
 The way that data will be analyzed for the
topic that will be researched
The type of research question will determine
whether descriptive research approach is
appropriate to use.
 Educational research  Data collection may
and experiences may be spread over a large
contain many number of people
variables that cannot over a large
be realistically geographic area
controlled.
 Educational research
may require
observations of life
experiences
Surveys Interviews

Observations Portfolios
 May be used to reveal  May be used to
summary statistics by explore relationships
showing responses to between 2 or more
all possible variables.
questionnaire items.
 Often provide leads in
identifying needed
changes
 Written Factors to be considered
 Sampling
questionnaires
 Type of population
 Personal interviews  Question Form
 Telephone interviews  Question Content
 Response rates
 Costs
 Available facilities
 Length of data collection
 Computer assisted
techniques for data
collection
 More time efficient
 Allow the researcher to establish a rapport
with the respondent
 Allow the acquisition of more in-depth
information
 Allow for interviewer observation
 Allow the interviewer to obtain visual cues
 May be personal or telephone interviews
Disadvantages
 Require more staff time
 Require more travel time
Advantages Disadvantages
 Less expensive  Limited telephone
 Less time-consuming access
 Lack of interviewer’s
ability to observe the
respondent and
obtain visual cues
Advantages Disadvantages
 Ability to reach large  Lower response rate
number of people across a
 Need to design a
wide geographic area
 Ease and low cost of
survey instrument
distribution with a simple format
 Minimal amount of staff
required
 Allows respondents to
respond in their time
frame
 A letter of transmittal should accompany mailed
questionnaires.
 Should state purpose and importance of research
 Should state importance of responding
 Should give a time frame to respond
 Should include a confidentiality statement
 Should include an offer to share results
 Should include a thank-you note to the
respondent
 Good questioning techniques
 Use complete sentences
 Offer a limited set of answers
 Interesting
 Worded so that questions mean the same to
all
 Provide definitions for confusing terms
 Uses the “I don’t know” answer very
carefully
1. Naturally occurring behaviors observed in
natural contexts
2. Contexts that are contrived to be realistic
 Require direct observation of behavior
 Data gathered without intermediary
instruments
 Can yield a wealth of invaluable information
 Can be a complicated process
 Can be employed productively to support
many purposes in educational technology
 How do learners interact with a specific
program?
 How do learners interact with a new hardware
system?

Observation makes it possible to explore the


implementation of a particular technological
innovation and assess the instructional
outcomes.
 2 Forms of Observational Research
 Structured
 Unstructured
Structured Observations Unstructured
 Rigid and controlled Observations
 Predetermined
 Used to determine
unselective, detailed,
methods continuous description of
behavior.
 Detects unintended
effects
 More time consuming
because of time and labor
required to collect and
analyze sets of extensive
observations
 Descriptive Research methods have gained
acceptance
 Number of descriptive studies published in
research journals has increased
 Descriptive research leads to prescriptions
that instructional designers and educators
can heed as they consider future direction

You might also like