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1.1 Introduction-What Is Statistics

1. Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. It has two main branches: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. 2. Descriptive statistics involves organizing and summarizing data through graphical and numerical techniques. Inferential statistics allows making inferences about an entire population based on a sample. 3. The key difference between descriptive and inferential statistics is that descriptive statistics describes data, while inferential statistics makes conclusions beyond the immediate data.

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65 views

1.1 Introduction-What Is Statistics

1. Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. It has two main branches: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. 2. Descriptive statistics involves organizing and summarizing data through graphical and numerical techniques. Inferential statistics allows making inferences about an entire population based on a sample. 3. The key difference between descriptive and inferential statistics is that descriptive statistics describes data, while inferential statistics makes conclusions beyond the immediate data.

Uploaded by

My Khanh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to statistics

Introduction to statistics

1. What is 3. Main Branches of


2. Data
Statistics? statistics

Descriptive Inferential
Statistics statistics

population vs Statistic vs
sample parameter

2
What is Statistics?

Business
Make decisions use of data.
The most popular sources of statistical data
• Primary: Published by collectors (e.g. ABS)
Published data • Secondary: Published by non-collectors (e.g. World Bank)

Observational data • Example:. Measuring yield of different types of rice without any control

Experimental data • Example: Measuring yield of different types of rice using a certain amount of fertilizer (control factor)

Surveys • Example: Student feedback on subject

Information Technology
Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data

3
What is Statistics?
to make
get
Statistics information
from data informed
decisions

• Collecting data
The science of • Analyzing data
• Drawing conclusions from data

4
Two major branches of Statistics

Descriptive
Statistics Inferential Statistics
• Graphical
• Numerical

5
Descriptive Statistics
Methods of organising, summarising, and presenting data

graphical techniques

• Examples
• Mean, median, mode
numerical measures • Range, variance, standard
deviation

6
Inferential Statistics
• Weight of Tuna cans
ACCC Complaint less than advertised

Investigate
• You cannot go and weigh
Problem every single tuna can

•Select a random sample


Solution
All cans
•Calculate average weights
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Inferential statistic
Population
(ALL cans) Sample
(100 cans)
Subset

Parameter Statistic
Average weight of all cans Average weight of 100 cans
( A descriptive measure of the population) (A descriptive measure
of the sample)

Inferential A process which uses sample statistic to make


statistics: inference about population parameter.
8

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