OBJECTIVES:

 1. Identify public speaking situations.

 2. Identify the characteristics of good delivery.
 3. Use principles of effective speech delivery focusing on
articulation, modulation, stage presence, facial expression,
gestures and movements, and rapport with the audience.
Delivery for
Different
Situations
 1.Speaking to a specific audience size
Description • Audience size depends on the venue size.

Advantages • You can determine your approach with your

audience; more intimate and personal for a smaller
size; more formal for a large size.
Disadvantage • This can be challenging and intimidating.

Tips • Ask the organizers about the estimated number of

the audience so you can adjust your delivery.
• Practice, practice, practice.
 2.Speaking in an open-air venue or outside
a building
Description• Examples are open courts or grounds, football
fields, farms, etc.
Advantages • You will feel more relaxed due to the atmosphere of
the venue.
Disadvantage • You will encounter a lot of communication barriers such as noise, inattentive
audiences, discomfort, challenging weather, possible absence of technology
such as audio-visual equipment, etc.
• You might be forced to make adjustments, especially in voice projection.
Tips • Check the venue prior to your speaking engagement.
• Ask the organizers about the availability of equipment.
• Challenge yourself on how you can get and maintain the attention of your
audience.
• Use the outdoor setting or venue to your advantage as a way of jumpstarting
your speech or as an example to support your main point.
• Practice, practice, practice.
 3.Speaking in different venues
Description • Speaking venues that vary according to size: classroom, meeting or
conference room, ball room, social hall, auditorium, covered court, open
court, etc.
Advantages • You will be exposed to different venues, which will add to your public
speaking experience.
Disadvantages • You will have to make big adjustments in terms of your nonverbal cues:
volume of voice, body language, facial expression, etc.
Tips • Check the venue days before your scheduled speech and arrive hours
earlier in the venue, so you can determine the adjustments to make.
• For a large venue, speak more slowly, use pauses frequently to highlight
the most important ideas of your speech, and make use of facial
expressions and gestures. When you use visual aids, make them more
visible.
• In a small venue, your audience will see you up close. Therefore, manage
your notes well when you use them and adjust your nonverbal cues as
necessary.
• Practice, practice, practice.
4.Speaking with a microphone
Description • Its main function is to increase the volume of your voice, not to clarify the
pronunciation and enunciation of words

Advantages • With a microphone, you can easily get the attention of your audience
because of the loudness of your voice.

Disadvantages • Using a microphone can be challenging because there is a tendency to

underuse or overuse it.

Tips • Check the microphone if it functions well.

• Check your voice in the microphone to see whether you are audible
enough.
• In a small venue, you may not use a microphone, but you need to manage
your voice’s volume well.
• Practice, practice, practice.
 5.Speaking with a podium or lectern
Description • A podium or lectern is a reading desk with a stand and a slanted top.

Advantages • Notes can be placed on the slanted top, and will work best for
extemporaneous and manuscript speeches.
• The lectern can be used as a means to hide or cover nervousness or stage
fright.
Disadvantages • Some may have the tendency to hide their hands behind the podium, which
will not help them enhance their message

Tips • Stand straight, as good posture exudes confidence.

• Avoid gripping the edges of the podium with both hands. Aside from this,
also avoid hiding them behind the podium.
• For extemporaneous and impromptu speakers, step to the side
occasionally once you have composed yourself, so you can effectively use
your gestures, make eye contact, and connect more with your audience.
• Practice, practice, practice.
 Tools for Effective Speech Delivery

 How they approach their audience (formal, informal, personal,

conversational, intimate, among others)
 How they connect with their audience (using eye contact, body
movements, and facial expressions)
 How they present themselves (stage presence: how they look,
stand, walk, use nonverbal cues, act on and off the stage)
 How they use their voice in terms of volume (loudness or
softness), pitch (highness or lowness), rate or speed, pauses
to show emphasis and strengthen the clarity of the message,
vocal variety (effective changes in volume, pitch, rate and
pauses), and pronunciation
More Tips for Effective Speech Delivery
1. Use a conversational style more often. This is the style that is more natural; it is the style that
you always use when you express yourself with your family and friends. Audience members do
not like the speaker to sound unnatural or exaggerated.
2. Look your audience members in the eye so they will feel that they are part of your speech. Eye
contact should be maintained to keep the attention of your audience and enhance your delivery.
3. Remember to adjust your volume to the size of the audience and the venue. When addressing a
large audience, modulate your voice in such a way that you speak loudly without sounding like
shouting or yelling.
4. Vary your rate or speed to keep your audience interested and to avoid a monotone pattern. The
audience might get bored if you speak very slowly and they might get confused if you speak very
fast. Hence, your rate should be at an appropriate speed.
5. Master your voice and find your pitch level (high or low). If you have a high pitch level, modulate
or slightly move it down. If you have a low pitch level, modulate or slightly move it up. Your
performance will definitely be affected if you do not modulate.
More Tips for Effective Speech Delivery
6. Use pauses when you emphasize the most important words, phrases, or sentences. Your pauses
should not last for three seconds. Otherwise, it will result in dead air or a moment of awkward
silence.
7. Pronounce and enunciate words correctly. You will confuse the audience if you mispronounce
words, and it could distract them and affect your credibility.
8. Avoid fillers or expressions that substitute actual words in your speech because these words are
distracting. Examples of fillers are “like,” “um,” “ah,” “uh,” and “er.” To reduce the use of these fillers,
detect the instances when you use them: Do you generally use fillers after each sentence, between
different ideas, or whenever you make transitions? Then, instead of using them the next time you
deliver a speech, simply stop and pause.
9. Start your speech by standing straight and balancing your weight. This will give a positive first
impression.
10. Use precise movements. Avoid distracting mannerisms like swaying back and forth, leaning on the
podium, licking or biting your lips, playing with your wristwatch or jewelry, scratching parts of your
body, frowning, and others. Observe your mannerisms and learn how to avoid them when speaking
in public.
More Tips for Effective Speech Delivery
11. Avoid having a poker face or a highly animated face. These facial expressions
appear distracting and may even be annoying. Instead, follow the most
highly suggested tip: smile. However, make sure that the meaning of your
speech reflects in your facial expressions; do not smile if you are talking about
something sad.
12.Dress properly and appropriately. Wearing the proper attire will make you look
more confident and professional. Make sure not to overdress, as this may
distract your audience.
13. Observe ethics by coming prepared, being honest with your words, being
polite, avoiding offensive words and back-biting or talking negative things about
other people, or copying someone’s work without proper documentation.
14. Breathe in and out to relax before your speech. Most importantly, have fun.