TANZA NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL

Paradahan I, Tanza Cavite

Music Quarter 1 – Module 1:

Music of the 20th Century
 Objective
01 describe distinctive musical elements of given pieces in
20th century styles;
(MU10TC Ia-h-2)
Objective
02 explain the performance practice (setting, composition,
role of composers/performers, and audience) of 20th
century music;
(MU10TC Ib-g-4)
Objective
03 relate 20th Century music to other art forms and media
during the same time period;
(MU10TC Ia-g-3)
Objective
04 perform music sample from the 20th century;
(MU10TC Ib-5) and

Objective
05 evaluate music and music performances using guided
rubrics.

What I need
to know
The module is divided into 3 lessons, namely:

Lesson 1: Impressionism Lesson 2: Expressionism Lesson 3: 20th Century Musical Styles

Pre-Test
When you were in Grade 9, you learned about Western Music and its history from Middle Ages to the
Romantic Period. Let us go back to those eras of Music. Try to recall the characteristics of music in the
following periods:

ROMANTIC PERIOD
CLASSICAL PERIOD
Music from the
BAROQUE PERIOD Music from the Classical Romantic period is
RENAISSANCE PERIOD period shifted away characterized by its
MEDIEVAL PERIOD from the Baroque much greater passion
is vocal and marked the beginning and expression than
Medieval instrumental music may period's emphasis on
instrumental music of what is commonly that of earlier periods.
be characterized by its thin polyphonic texture and
"texture" (relatively few written and performed considered classical
more towards a single
instruments as opposed to the in Europe during music.
melody with
"thick texture" of a full symphony the this era accompaniment
orchestra); very rhythmic https://
character; and repetitive quality, tinyurl.com/y2hjr88n
as well as by the distinctive sound
of instruments of that era .

500- 1400- 1600- 1600- 1600- 1750-

1400 AD 1600 1750 1750 1750
 Baroque (1600 - 1750)
y from The Baroque period marked the beginning of what is commonly considered
ic texture classical music. Music during this time developed from Renaissance music
into the tonal music with which we are familiar today.
ke

Western Music and

Baroque music is primarily characterized by its polyphonic texture, meaning
s texture that the music contains 2 or more independent melodic voices.
In particular, Baroque music is known for its use of the counterpoint. The

C
counterpoint is a pretty complex musical idea, but in simpler terms,

Its History from A

counterpoint uses different, independent musical lines that sound
voice
r voice
ody
B harmonious when played together.
Characteristics of Baroque music include:
• Polyphonic texture: multiple melodic lines in different voices
• Unity of mood: each piece features a single emotion (i.e. a piece

Middle Ages to the

, and
that begins happy will remain happy)
r • Continuity of rhythm: rhythmic patterns are often repeated
throughout a piece
e music

Romantic Period
• Repetition of melody: the melody is repeated; though it is distinct, it
is not lyrical
co, string • Terraced dynamics: dynamics change suddenly rather than gradually
• Ornamentation (music flourishes, often fast notes, to decorate the
main note)
• Less use of instrumental music; large use of the harpsichord
 Baroque
Classical (1600
(1750 - 1750)
- 1830)
The Baroque period marked the beginning of what is commonly considered
Music from the Classical period shifted away from
classical music. Music during this time developed from Renaissance music
theinto
Baroque period's
the tonal emphasis
music with which weon arepolyphonic
familiar today.texture
ke andBaroque
more towards a singlecharacterized
melody with

Western Music and

music is primarily by its polyphonic texture, meaning
accompaniment. This created
that the music contains 2 or moremusic with less
independent texture
melodic voices.
butInwith
particular,
a more Baroque
clearlymusic is known
defined for its use of the counterpoint. The
melody.

C
counterpoint is a pretty complex musical idea, but in simpler terms,
Characteristics of Classical music include:

Its History from B A

counterpoint uses different, independent musical lines that sound
• Single melody
harmonious whenwith accompaniment:
played together. one voice
carries the primary
Characteristics melody
of Baroque musicwhile
include:another voice
• Polyphonic
plays a simplertexture: multiple
line that melodic
supports thelines in different voices
melody
• Unityvariety

Middle Ages to the

• Larger of mood:of each
keys,piece featuresrhythms,
melodies, a single emotion
and (i.e. a piece
that begins happy will remain happy)
dynamics
r • Continuity of rhythm: rhythmic patterns are often repeated
• More contrasta in
throughout a piece
piece
• Shorter, clearer melodiesthe than in isBaroque
repeated;music

Romantic Period
• Repetition of melody: melody though it is distinct, it
• More emphasis
is not lyrical on instrumental music
c • Primary
• Terraced forms of composition:
dynamics: sonata,
dynamics change trio, string
suddenly rather than gradually
• Ornamentation
quartet, symphony, (music flourishes, often fast notes, to decorate the
concerto
main note)
• Less use of instrumental music; large use of the harpsichord
 Baroque
Romantic (1830Classical
- 1920) (1750 (1600 - 1750)
- 1830)
The Baroque period marked the beginning of what is commonly considered
Music from the Romantic
Music fromperiod is characterized
the Classical period shifted by away
its from
classical music. Music during this time developed from Renaissance music
theinto
much greater passion Baroque
and period's
expression
the tonal music with emphasis
than
which wethaton polyphonic
areof today.texture
earlier
familiar
periods. Romanticandworks
more display
towards a single
an expansionmelodyofwith form (like
Western Music and
Baroque music is primarily characterized by its polyphonic texture, meaning
accompaniment.
the key and instrumentation of aThis
that the music contains created
2 or moremusic
piece). with less
independent texture
melodic voices.
but Inwith
particular,
a more Baroque
clearly music is known
defined for its use of the counterpoint. The
melody.
Characteristics of Romantic
counterpointmusic include:
is a pretty complex musical idea, but in simpler terms,
Characteristics
• Freer form and more personal
of Classical
expression
C
music include:
of emotion
Its History from B A
counterpoint uses different, independent musical lines that sound
• Single melody
harmonious whenwithplayedaccompaniment:
together. one voice
• Emphasis on lyrical melodies and themes
carries the primary
Characteristics of Baroquemelodymusicwhile
include:another voice
• More modulation • (change
Polyphonic
plays a simplerintexture:
key)
line to
thatunexpected
multiple melodic
supports the keys:
lines in different voices
melody
the overall effect• ofUnity
this ofismood:
that of it is harder for the
Middle Ages to the
• Larger variety each
keys, piece features
melodies, a single emotion
rhythms, and (i.e. a piece
listener to predict that begins
what happy willnext
will happen remain inhappy)
the piece
dynamics
• Continuity of rhythm: rhythmic patterns are often repeated
• More chromaticism
• More and scales
contrast other
a piecethan major/minor
throughout a in
piece
• Greater variety• in• pitch,
Shorter, dynamics,
clearer and
melodies the rhythm
than in isBaroque
repeated;music

Romantic Period
Repetition of melody: melody though it is distinct, it
• chord
• Less traditional More emphasis
lyrical on instrumental music
progressions
is not
• Program music: • Primary
•more
Terracedforms
pieces of composition:
dynamics:
inspired dynamics sonata,
change trio, string
suddenly
by literary/artistic rather than gradually
• Ornamentation
quartet, symphony, (music flourishes, often fast notes, to decorate the
concerto
sources main note)
• Greater emphasis • onLessnationalism:
use of instrumental many composers
music; large use of the harpsichord
infused cultural songs or dances into their works
Lesson
1 Impressionis
Impressionism
As the world entered the 20th century, a new era in music was introduced and impressionism was one of the earliest
musical forms that paved way to this modern era. Impressionism is a French movement in the late 19th and early 20th
century. The sentimental melodies and dramatic emotionalism of the preceding Romantic Period whose themes and
melody are easy to recognize and enjoy, were being replaced in favor of moods and impressions. Features of
Impressionism music are as follows:
The use of "color", or in musical terms, timbre,
which can be achieved through orchestration,
01 harmonic usage, texture, etc. (Timbre is known as
the tone color or tone quality)

New combinations of extended chords, harmonies,

02 whole tone, chromatic scales, and pentatonic scales
emerged.

Impressionism was an attempt not to depict

03 reality, but merely to suggest it.
 Claude Debussy was one of the most influential and leading composers
of the 20th century. He was the principal exponent of the impressionist
movement and the inspiration for other impressionist composers. He
reformed the course of musical development by eradicating traditional
rules and conventions into a new language of possibilities in harmony,
rhythm, form, texture, and color.

He was born on August 22, 1862 in a small town called St. Germain-en-
Layein in France. He composed a total of more or less 227 masterpieces
which include orchestral music, chamber music, piano music, operas,
ballets, songs, and other vocal music. He was known as the “Father of the
Modern School of Composition” and made his impact in the styles of the
later 20th century composer like Igor Stravinsky. Debussy’s mature
creative period was exemplified by the following works:
• String Quartet
• La Mer (1905)-a highly imaginative and atmospheric symphonic work
for orchestra about the sea
• Première Arabesque
• Claire de Lune (Moonlight)-The third and most famous movement of
Suite bergamasque.
In the field of visual arts, Debussy was influenced by Monet, Pissaro,
Manet, Degas, and Renoir; and from the literary arts, by Mallarme,
Verlaine and Rimbaud. Most of his close friends were painters and poets
who significantly influenced his works. On March 25, 1918, he died of
cancer at the height of the First World War in Paris.
CLAUDE DEBUSSY (1862–1918)
ISTENING #1
L
ACTIVITY

The most remarkable composition of Debussy is Claire De Lune. Have you

watched the Hollywood movie hit Twilight Saga? Try to recall its
sentimental sound tracks. One of them is Claire De Lune! Would you like to
listen to it once again?

While listening to the track, answer the following guide questions posted in your
Google Classroom
• What musical instrument is being played?
• How did the music affect your mood or feelings in terms of the general
atmosphere of the piece?
 Joseph Maurice Ravel was born in Ciboure, France to a Basque mother
and a Swiss father. At age 14, he entered the Paris Conservatory where
he was musically nurtured by a prominent French composer, Gabriel
Faure. The compositional style of Ravel is mainly characterized by its
distinctively innovative but not atonal style (music that is written in a
way that is not based on any particular key) of harmonic treatment.

His works are defined with intricate and sometimes modal

melodies and extended chordal components. It demands
considerable technical virtuosity from the performer which is the
character, ability, or skill of a virtuoso—a person who is
exemplary in musical technique or execution.
Ravel’s works include the following:
• Pavane for a Dead Princess (1899)
• String Quartet (1903)
• Sonatine for Piano (c.1904)
• Rhapsodie Espagnole
• Bolero
Ravel was a perfectionist and every bit a musical craftsman. He
strongly adhered to the classical form, specifically its ternary
structure. A strong advocate of Russian music, he also admired
the music of Chopin, Liszt, Schubert, and Mendelssohn. He died
in Paris in 1937.
MAURICE RAVEL (1875–1937)
ISTENING #2
L
ACTIVITY

Ravel’s defining composition is “Bolero.” Bolero is a one-movement

orchestral piece which was premiered in 1928.

While listening, answer the following guide questions on your Google

Classroom
• What specific dance form can be performed with Bolero as music?
• What feelings or emotions does the music evoke?
 What’s More?

COMPOSERS’ TABLE ACTIVITY. Fill out the table by indicating the name of
Activity #4
the artists and their works during the Impressionism Era and answer the 60%
60% question that follows. Please use the activity Sheet on Google Classroom

Activity #5 WRITING ACTIVITY. Which among the compositions of

Impressionism inspired you most? Why? 80%
80%

Activity #6 MUSIC LISTENING ACTIVITY. Play from the accompanying CD

track 1 and write a 3-4 stanza poem inspired by the musical 50%
50% piece Claire de Lune.
Section Break
Thank You! See You Soon…

Sir Jun-jun Tulin

MUSIC TEACHER