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Unit 6 - Work, Time and Motion Study

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21 views

Unit 6 - Work, Time and Motion Study

Uploaded by

lamao123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Work, Time, Motion

What is work study?


 One of the most powerful tools to in
improving productivity is work study.
Work study is:
 The systematic examinations of the

methods of carrying on activity


 To improve effective use of resources

 To set up standards of performance


Work study also aims at
the following:
 Simplifying or modifying the methods of
operation
 Reduces unnecessary or excess work
 Stops wasteful use of resources
 Contributes to industrial safety by identifying
hazardous work and developing safer
methods
 Cuts down the time of performing a certain
activity.
Work study
 Motion study
 Time study
 Work study is based on the principle
that for every job, there is:
 a) One best way of doing it. (MS)
 b) A scientific method is the best and
surest way of finding this best way.(MS)
 c) The time taken for doing the job by
the best way can be measured and set
as standards.(TS)
 Time and motion studies were
pioneered by the US industrial engineer
Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856- 1915)
and developed by the husband and wife
team of Frank Gilbreth (1868-1924) and
Dr. Lillian Gilbreth (1878-1972).
Objectives of motion study
 To improve the procedure of doing a work.
 To improve the workplace layout (ultimately
plant layout).
 To minimize the human motion for minimum
fatigue of operators.
 To maximize the utility of resources (men,
m/c, materials).
 To improve the overall working environment.
Procedure in Motion Analysis

The steps in motion analysis are as follows:


 a) Select: Select the work to be studied.

 b) Record: Record all the relevant facts of the proposed work

by direct observation.
c) Examine: Examine the facts critically in sequence, using

special critical examination sheet.


 d) Develop: Develop the best method i.e. the most practical,

economic and effective method under prevailing circumstances


using the principle of motion economy.
e) Install: install that method as standard practice.

f) Maintain: maintain that standard practice by regular routine

check.
Time study
 It was proposed by Frederick Taylor
and later modified to include a
performance rating (PR) adjustment.
 Once the method is established, the
next objective is to set the standard
time for the work. This aspect of work
study is called Time study (or Work
measurement).
Objective
 1) To determine the standard time for various operations
which helps in fixing wage rates and incentives.
 2) To estimate the cost of product accurately.
 3) To predict accurately the duration for a particular work and
customer is promised accordingly.
 4) To determine the number of machines an operator can run.
5) To determine the optimum number of men and machine. 6)
To provide information for planning and scheduling.
 7) To balance the work of all workers working in a group.
 8) To compare the work efficiency of different
workers/operators.
Some techniques
 Work measurement techniques
 1. Time study using stop watch.
 2. Predetermined motion time system
(PMTS).
 3. Work sampling.
 4. Analytical estimating.
 Once the importance of motion and time study is understood and
accepted, the techniques of motion and time study are introduced.

 Flow diagrams
 Multi activity charts

 Operation charts

 Flow process charts

 Process charts

 Operations analysis chart

 Work station design

 Motion economy

 Flow patterns

 Predetermined time standards system (PTSS).

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