MICROSOFT OFFICE

• Microsoft Office (or simply Office) is a family of 

client software, server software, and services developed by
Microsoft. It was first announced by Bill Gates on August 1,
1988, at COMDEX in Las Vegas. Initially a marketing term for
an office suite (bundled set of productivity applications), the
first version of Office contained Microsoft Word, 
Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft PowerPoint. Over the years,
Office applications have grown substantially closer with
shared features such as a common spell checker, OLE data
integration and Visual Basic for Applications scripting
language. Microsoft also positions Office as a development
platform for line-of-business software under the 
Office Business Applications brand. On July 10, 2012, 
Softpedia reported that Office is used by over a billion people
worldwide.
• Office is produced in several versions targeted
towards different end-users and computing
environments. The original, and most widely
used version, is the desktop version, available
for PCs running the Windows and macOS 
operating systems. Office Online is a version of
the software that runs within a web browser,
while Microsoft also maintains Office apps for 
Android and iOS.
• Since Office 2013, Microsoft has promoted Office 365
 as the primary means of obtaining Microsoft Office:
• it allows use of the software and other services on a 
subscription business model, and users receive free
feature updates to the software for the lifetime of the
subscription, including new features and 
cloud computing integration that are not necessarily
included in the "on-premises" releases of Office sold
under conventional license terms. In 2017, revenue
from Office 365 overtook conventional license sales.
• The current on-premises, desktop version of Office is 
Office 2019, released on September 24, 2018.
 DESKTOP APPLICATION
• Microsoft Word: a word processor included in Microsoft
Office and some editions of the now-discontinued
Microsoft Works. The first version of Word, released in
the autumn of 1983, was for the MS-DOS operating
system and introduced the Computer mouse to more
users. Word 1.0 could be purchased with a bundled
mouse, though none was required. Following the
precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for
Macintosh attempted to add closer WYSIWYG features
into its package. Word for Mac was released in 1985.
Word for Mac was the first graphical version of Microsoft
Word. Initially, it implemented the proprietary .doc
 format as its primary format. Word 2007, however,
deprecated this format in favor of Office Open XML,
which was later standardized by Ecma International as
an open format. Support for Portable Document Format
 (PDF) and OpenDocument (ODF) was first introduced in
Word for Windows with Service Pack 2 for Word 2007.
 Microsoft Excel
• a spreadsheet editor that
originally competed with
the dominant Lotus 1-2-3,
and eventually outsold it.
Microsoft released the
first version of Excel for
the Mac OS in 1985, and
the first Windows version
(numbered 2.05 to line up
with the Mac) in
November 1987.
• a presentation program
 used to create 
slideshows composed
of text, graphics, and
other objects, which
can be displayed on-
screen and shown by
the presenter or printed
out on transparencies
 or slides.
• a personal information manager that
replaces Windows Messaging, 
Microsoft Mail, and Schedule+
 starting in Office 97, it includes an e-
mail client, calendar, task manager
and address book. On the Mac OS,
Microsoft offered several versions of
Outlook in the late 1990s, but only for
use with Microsoft Exchange Server.
In Office 2001, it introduced an
alternative application with a slightly
different feature set called 
Microsoft Entourage. It reintroduced
Outlook in Office 2011, replacing
Entourage.
• MICROSO
• a notetaking program that gathers handwritten or
typed notes, drawings, screen clippings and audio
commentaries. Notes can be shared with other
OneNote users over the Internet or a network.
OneNote was initially introduced as a standalone
app that was not included in any of 
Microsoft Office 2003 editions. However,
OneNote eventually became a core component of
Microsoft Office; with the release of 
Microsoft Office 2013, OneNote was included in
all Microsoft Office offerings. OneNote is also
available as a web app on Office Online, a 
freemium (and later freeware) Windows desktop
app, a mobile app forWindows Phone, iOS, 
Android, and Symbian, and a Metro-style app for 
Windows 8 or later. FT ONE NOTE
• a desktop publishing
 app for Windows
mostly used for
designing brochures,
labels, calendars,
greeting cards, business
cards, newsletters, web
site, and postcards.
• Microsoft Access: a 
database management system
 for Windows that combines
the relational 
Microsoft Jet Database Engine
 with a graphical user interface
and software development
tools. Microsoft Access stores
data in its own format based on
the Access Jet Database Engine.
It can also import or link
directly to data stored in other
applications and databases.
• Skype for Business: an
integrated
communications client for
conferences and meetings
in real time, it is the only
Microsoft Office desktop
app that is neither useful
without a proper network
infrastructure nor has the
"Microsoft" prefix in its
name.
• Microsoft Project: 
a project management
 app for Windows to
keep track of events
and to create 
network charts and 
Gantt charts, not
bundled in any Office
suite.
Microsoft Excel
 HISTORY OF EXCEL
• Early history
• Microsoft originally marketed a spreadsheet program called 
Multiplan in 1982. Multiplan became very popular on CP/M
 systems, but on MS-DOS systems it lost popularity to Lotus 1-2-3.
• Microsoft released the first version of Excel for the Macintosh on
September 30, 1985, and the first Windows version was 2.05 (to
synchronize with the Macintosh version 2.2) in November 1987.
Lotus was slow to bring 1-2-3 to Windows and by the early 1990s
Excel had started to outsell 1-2-3 and helped Microsoft achieve its
position as a leading PC software developer. This accomplishment
solidified Microsoft as a valid competitor and showed its future of
developing GUI software. Microsoft maintained its advantage with
regular new releases, every two years or so.
• Microsoft Windows
– Excel 2.0 is the first version of Excel for the Intel platform. Versions prior to
2.0 were only available on the Apple Macintosh.
• Excel 2.0 (1987)
– The first Windows version was labeled "2" to correspond to the Mac version.
This included a run-time version of Windows.
– BYTE in 1989 listed Excel for Windows as among the "Distinction" winners of
the BYTE Awards. The magazine stated that the port of the "extraordinary"
Macintosh version "shines", with a user interface as good as or better than
the original.
• Excel 3.0 (1990)
– Included toolbars, drawing capabilities, outlining, add-in support, 3D charts,
and many more new features.
• Excel 4.0 (1992)
– Introduced auto-fill.
– Also, an easter egg in Excel 4.0 reveals a hidden animation of a dancing set of
numbers 1 through 3, representing Lotus 1-2-3, which was then crushed by
an Excel logo.
• Excel 5.0 (1993)
• With version 5.0, Excel has included Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), a programming
language based on Visual Basic which adds the ability to automate tasks in Excel and to
provide user-defined functions (UDF) for use in worksheets. VBA is a powerful addition
to the application and includes a fully featured integrated development environment
 (IDE). Macro recording can produce VBA code replicating user actions, thus allowing
simple automation of regular tasks. VBA allows the creation of forms and in‑worksheet
controls to communicate with the user. The language supports use (but not creation) of 
ActiveX (COM) DLL's; later versions add support for class modules allowing the use of
basic object-oriented programming techniques.

• The automation functionality provided by VBA made Excel a target for macro viruses.
This caused serious problems until antivirus products began to detect these viruses. 
Microsoft belatedly took steps to prevent the misuse by adding the ability to disable
macros completely, to enable macros when opening a workbook or to trust all macros
signed using a trusted certificate.
• Versions 5.0 to 9.0 of Excel contain various Easter eggs, including a "Hall of Tortured
Souls", although since version 10 Microsoft has taken measures to eliminate such
undocumented features from their products.
• 5.0 was released in a 16-bit x86 version for Windows 3.1 and later in a 32-bit version for
NT 3.51 (x86/Alpha/PowerPC)
• Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet developed by 
Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android and iOS.
• It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables,
and a macro programming language called 
Visual Basic for Applications.
• It has been a very widely applied spreadsheet for
these platforms, especially since version 5 in 1993,
and it has replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the industry
standard for spreadsheets. Excel forms part of the 
Microsoft Office suite of software.
• Excel 95 (v7.0)
• Released in 1995 with 
Microsoft Office for Windows 95, this is the
first major version after Excel 5.0, as there is
no Excel 6.0 with all of the Office applications
standardizing on the same major version
number.
• Internal rewrite to 32-bits. Almost no external
changes, but faster and more stable.
• Excel 97 (v8.0)
• Included in Office 97 (for x86 and Alpha). This
was a major upgrade that introduced the paper
clip office assistant and featured standard VBA
used instead of internal Excel Basic. It
introduced the now-removed Natural Language
labels.
• This version of Excel includes a flight simulator
as an Easter Egg.
• Excel 2000 (v9.0)
• Included in Office 2000. This was a minor
upgrade, but introduced an upgrade to the
clipboard where it can hold multiple objects at
once. The Office Assistant, whose frequent
unsolicited appearance in Excel 97 had
annoyed many users, became less intrusive.
• Excel 2002 (v10.0)
• Included in Office XP. Very minor
enhancements.
• Excel 2003 (v11.0)
• Included in Office 2003. Minor enhancements,
most significant being the new Tables.
• Excel 2007 (v12.0)
• Excel 2010 (v14.0)
• Excel 2013 (v15.0)
• Excel 2016 (v16.0)
MICROSOFT EXCEL JUMP START
 The Application Window
• The Application Window provides the space
for your worksheets and workbook elements
such as charts. The components of the
Application Window are described below.
 The Quick Access Toolbar

QUICK

• The Quick Access Toolbar ACESS TOOL

BAR

lets you access common

commands no matter
which tab is selected.
• By default, it includes the
Save, Undo, and Repeat
commands. You can add
other commands
depending on your
preference.
• To add commands to the
Quick Access toolbar
1. Click the drop-down arrow
to the right of the Quick
Access toolbar.

2. Select the command you

wish to add from the drop-
down menu. To choose
from more commands,
select More Commands.
3. The command will be
added to the Quick
Access toolbar.
 The Ribbon

• Excel uses a tabbed Ribbon system instead of

traditional menus. The Ribbon contains
multiple tabs, each with several groups of
commands. You will use these tabs to perform
the most common tasks in Excel.
 To minimize and maximize the Ribbon

The Ribbon is designed to respond to your

current task, but you can choose to minimize it if
you find that it takes up too much screen space.

1. Click the Ribbon Display Options arrow in the

upper-right corner of the Ribbon.
2. Select the desired minimizing option from
the drop-down menu:
 To Customize the Ribbon in Excel 2013
• You can customize the Ribbon by creating your
own tabs with whichever commands you want.
• Commands are always housed within a group,
and you can create as many groups as you want
in order to keep your tab organized.
• If you want, you can even add commands to any
of the default tabs, as long as you create
a custom group in the tab.
2. The Excel Options dialog box will
appear. Locate and select New Tab
3.Make sure the New Group is selected, select a
command, and then click Add. You can also drag
commands directly into a group.
4. When you are done adding commands, click OK. The
commands will be added to the Ribbon.
 The Formula Bar

• In the formula bar, you can enter or edit data, a

formula, or a function that will appear in a specific cell.
• In the image below, cell C1 is selected and 1984 is
entered into the formula bar. Note how the data
appears in both the formula bar and in cell C1.
 The Name Box
• The Name box displays the location, or "name" of a
selected cell. In the image below, cell B4 is selected.
Note that cell B4 is where column B and row 4 intersect.
 The Backstage View (The File Menu)

Click the File tab on the Ribbon. Backstage view

will appear .
 The Worksheet Views
• Excel 2013 has a variety of viewing options that change
how your workbook is displayed. You can choose to view
any workbook in Normal view, Page Layout view, or Page
Break view. These views can be useful for various tasks,
especially if you're planning to print the spreadsheet.
Excel 2013 has a variety of viewing options that change
how your workbook is displayed. You can choose to view
any workbook in Normal view, Page Layout view, or Page
Break view. These views can be useful for various tasks,
especially if you're planning to print the spreadsheet.
 Zoom Control
• To use the Zoom control, click and drag the
slider. The number to the right of the slider
reflects the zoom
percentage.
 The Workbook Window
• In Excel 2013, when you open up a
new workbook it now contains
only 1 worksheet There can be a
max of 1,048,576 rows and 16,384
columns in an excel work sheet.
• When working with a large amount
of data, you can create multiple
worksheets to help organize your
workbook and make it easier to
find content. You can also group
worksheets to quickly add
information to multiple worksheets
at the same time.
 To rename a worksheet
• Whenever you create a new Excel workbook,
it will contain one worksheet named Sheet1.
You can rename a worksheet to better reflect
its content. In our example, we will create a
training log organized by month.
• 1. Right-click the
worksheet you wish to
rename, then select
Rename from the
worksheet menu.
• Type the desired name for the worksheet
 To insert a new worksheet
1. Locate and select the New sheet button.
 To delete a worksheet
1. Right-click the worksheet you wish to delete,
then select Delete from the worksheet menu.
 To copy a worksheet
If you need to duplicate the
content of one worksheet to
another, Excel allows you to
copy an existing worksheet.

1. Right-click the worksheet

you want to copy, then select
Move or Copy from the
worksheet menu.
2. The Move or Copy dialog box
will appear. Choose where the
sheet will appear in the Before
sheet:field.
In our example, we'll choose
(move to end) to place the
worksheet to the right of the
existing
worksheet.

3. Check the box next to Create a

copy, then click OK.
 To move a worksheet
Sometimes you may want to
move a worksheet to rearrange
your workbook.

1. Select the worksheet you wish

to move. The cursor will become
a small worksheet icon .

2. Hold and drag the mouse until

a small black arrow appears
above the desired location.
 To change the worksheet color
1. Right-click the desired
worksheet, and hover the
mouse over Tab Color. The Color
menu will
appear.
2. Select the desired color. A live
preview of the new worksheet
color will appear as you hover
the
mouse over different options. In
our example, we'll choose Red.
 The Scroll Bars
• Your spreadsheet may frequently have more
data than you can see on the screen at once.
Click, hold and drag the vertical or horizontal
scroll bar depending on what part of the page
you want to see.
Creating and Opening Workbooks
• Excel files are called workbooks. Whenever
you start a new project in Excel, you'll need to
create a new workbook. There are several
ways to start working with a workbook in Excel
2013. You can choose to create a new
workbook—either with a blank workbook or a
predesigned template—or open an existing
workbook.
1. Select the File tab. Backstage view will
appear.
2. Select New, then click Blank
workbook.
3. A new blank workbook will appear
 Open an existing workbook
• In addition to creating new workbooks, you'll
often need to open a workbook that was
previously saved
• Navigate to Backstage view, then click Open.
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY
FOUNDATION
LUCENA CITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND
ACCOUNTANCY
STUDENT
CHARGES

No. Student Tution Fee Misc. Lab. NSTP Discount Total Charges
Name
1A0001 STUDENT 001 15,333.00 7,890.00 0.00 1,211.00 0.00 0.00 24,434.00
2A0002 STUDENT 002 13,719.00 6,755.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20,474.00
3A0003 STUDENT 003 15,333.00 7,890.00 0.00 1,211.00 0.00 0.00 24,434.00
4A0004 STUDENT 004 13,719.00 6,755.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20,474.00
5A0005 STUDENT 005 15,333.00 7,890.00 0.00 1,211.00 0.00 0.00 24,434.00
6A0006 STUDENT 006 16,140.00 6,755.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22,895.00
7A0007 STUDENT 007 13,719.00 6,755.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20,474.00
8A0008 STUDENT 008 15,333.00 7,890.00 0.00 1,211.00 0.00 0.00 24,434.00
9A0009 STUDENT 009 15,333.00 7,890.00 0.00 1,211.00 0.00 0.00 24,434.00
10A0010 STUDENT 010 15,333.00 7,890.00 0.00 1,211.00 0.00 0.00 24,434.00
11A0011 STUDENT 011 15,333.00 7,890.00 0.00 1,211.00 0.00 766.65 23,667.35
12A0012 STUDENT 012 13,719.00 6,755.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 685.95 19,788.05
 Saving and Sharing Workbooks
• Whenever you create a new workbook in
Excel, you'll need to know how to save it in
order to access and edit it later. As with
previous versions of Excel, you can save files
locally to your computer. But unlike older
versions, Excel 2013 also lets you save a
workbook to the cloud using OneDrive. You
can also export and share workbooks with
others directly from Excel.
 Save and Save As
• Excel offers two ways to save a file: Save and Save As. These
options work in similar ways, with a few important differences:
• Save: When you create or edit a workbook, you'll use the Save
command to save your changes.
You'll use this command most of the time. When you save a file,
you'll only need to choose a file name and location the first
time. After that, you can just click the Save command to save it
with
the same name and location.
Save As: You'll use this command to create a copy of a workbook
while keeping the original. When you use Save As, you'll need to
choose a different name and/or location for the copied version.
 To save a workbook
• It's important to save your workbook
whenever you start a new project or make
changes to an existing one. Saving early and
often can prevent your work from being lost.
You'll also need to pay close attention
to where you save the workbook so it will be
easy to find later.
1. Locate and select the Save command on the
Quick Access Toolbar.
2. If you're saving the file for the first time, the Save As pane
will appear in Backstage view.
3. You'll then need to choose where to save the file and give
it a file name. To save the workbook to
your computer, select Computer, then click Browse.
Alternatively, you can click OneDrive to save
the file to your OneDrive.
4. The Save As dialog box will appear. Select the location
where you wish to save the workbook.
5. Enter a file name for the workbook, then click
Save.
6. The workbook will be saved. You can click the
Save command again to save your changes as
you modify the workbook.
 Using Save As to make a copy
• If you want to save a different version of a workbook
while keeping the original, you can create a copy.
For example, if you have a file named "Sales Data" you
could save it as "Sales Data 2" so you'll be able to
edit the new file and still refer back to the original version.
• To do this, you'll click the Save As command in Backstage
view. Just like when saving a file for the first
time, you'll need to choose where to save the file and give
it a new file name.
 Exporting workbooks
• By default, Excel workbooks are saved in the
.xlsx file type. However, there may be times
when you need to use another file type, such
as a PDF or Excel 97-2003 workbook. It's easy
to export your workbook from
Excel in a variety of file types.
To export a workbook as a PDF file
• Exporting your workbook as an Adobe Acrobat
document, commonly known as a PDF file, can
be especially useful if sharing a workbook with
someone who does not have Excel. A PDF will
make it possible for recipients to view, but not
edit, the content of your workbook.
1. Click the File tab to access Backstage view.
2. Click Export, then select Create PDF/XPS.
• The Save As dialog box will appear. Select the
location where you wish to export the
workbook, enter a file name, and then click
Publish.
To export a workbook in other file types

• You may also find it helpful to export your

workbook in other file types, such as an Excel
97-2003 Workbook if you need to share with
people using an older version of Excel, or a
.CSV file if you need a plain-text
version of your workbook.
1. Click the File tab to access Backstage view.
2. Click Export, then select Change File Type.
3. Select a common file type, then click Save As.
4. The Save As dialog box will appear. Select the
location where you wish to export the
workbook, enter a file name, and then click
Save.
 EXERCISE 2
1. Open the exercise 1.
2. Create a copy by using the “save as”
command.
3. Use the file name “SECTION CODE_EXERCISE
2_YOUR SURNAME”
4. Export the file into PDF File.
 Cell Basics
• Whenever you work with Excel, you'll enter
information, or content, into cells. Cells are
the basic building blocks of a worksheet. You'll
need to learn the basics of cells and cell
content to calculate, analyze, and organize
data in Excel.
 Understanding Cells
Every worksheet is made up of thousands of rectangles,
which are called cells. A cell is the intersection of a row and
a column. Columns are identified by letters (A, B, C), while
rows are identified by numbers (1, 2, 3)
• Each cell has its own name, or cell address, based on
its column and row. In this example, the selected cell
intersects column C and row 5, so the cell address is
C5. The cell address will also appear in the Name box.
Note that a cell's column and row headings are
highlighted when the cell is selected.
• You can also select multiple cells at the same time. A group of
cells is known as a cell range. Rather than a single cell address,
you will refer to a cell range using the cell addresses of the first
and last cells in the cell range, separated by a colon. For
example, a cell range that included cells A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5
would be
written as A1:A5.
• Cell range A1:B8
 To select a cell range
Sometimes you may want to select a larger group of
cells, or a cell range.

1. Click, hold, and drag the mouse until all of the

adjoining cells you wish to select are highlighted.

2. Release the mouse to select the desired cell range.

The cells will remain selected until you click
another cell in the worksheet.
 Cell Content
• Any information you enter into a spreadsheet
will be stored in a cell. Each cell can contain
several different kinds of content, including
text, formatting, formulas, and functions.
 Text
• Cells can contain text, such as letters,numbers,
and dates.
 Formatting Attributes
• Cells can contain formatting attributes that
change the way letters, numbers, and dates
are displayed. For example, percentages can
appear as 0.15 or 15%. You can even change a
cell's background color.
 Formulas and Functions

• Cells can contain formulas and functions that calculate cell

values. In our example, SUM(B4:B7) adds the value of each
cell in cell range B4:B7 and displays the total in cell B8.
 To insert content
1. Click a cell to select it.
2. Type content into the selected cell, then
press Enter on your keyboard. The content
will appear
in the cell and the formula bar. You can also
input and edit cell content in the formula bar.
 To delete cell content
• There is an important difference between deleting
the content of a cell and deleting the cell itself. If
you delete the entire cell, the cells below it will shift
up and replace the deleted cells.
1. Select the cell(s) you wish to delete.
2. Select the Delete command from the Home tab on
the Ribbon.
3. The cells below will shift up
 To copy and paste cell content
• Excel allows you to copy content that is already
entered into your spreadsheet and paste that
content to other cells, which can save you time
and effort.
1. Select the cell(s) you wish to copy.
2. Click the Copy command on the Home tab,
or press Ctrl+C on your keyboard.
• 3. Select the cell(s) where you wish to paste
the content. The copied cells will now have a
dashed box around them.
4. Click the Paste command on the Home tab,
or press Ctrl+V on your keyboard.
5. The content will be pasted into the selected
cells.
 To access more paste options
• You can also access additional paste options,
which are especially convenient when working
with cells that contain formulas or formatting.
• To access more paste options, click the drop-
down arrow on the Paste command.
 To drag and drop cells
Rather than cutting, copying, and pasting, you can drag and drop cells to move their contents.

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to move.

2.Hover the mouse over the border of the selected cell(s) until the cursor changes from a
white cross to a black cross with four arrows.

3. Click, hold, and drag the cells to the desired location.

4. Release the mouse, and the cells will be dropped in the selected location.
 To use the fill handle
• There may be times when you need to copy
the content of one cell to several other cells in
your worksheet. You could copy and paste the
content into each cell, but this method would
be very time consuming. Instead, you can use
the fill handle to quickly copy and paste
content to adjacent cells in the
same row or column.
2. Click, hold, and drag the fill handle until all of the
cells you wish to fill are selected.

3. Release the mouse to fill the selected cells.

To continue a series with the fill handle
• The fill handle can also be used to continue a series.
Whenever the content of a row or column follows a
sequential order, like numbers (1, 2, 3) or days
(Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday), the fill handle can
guess what should come next in the series. In many
cases, you may need to select multiple cells before
using the fill handle to help Excel determine the
series order. In our example below, the fill handle is
used to extend a series of dates in a column.
 Font Formatting
• To change the font
By default, the font of each new workbook is set to Calibri.
However, Excel provides a variety of other fonts you can use to
customize your cell text. In the example below, we'll format our
title cell to help distinguish it from the rest of the worksheet.

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the Font command on the

Home tab. The Font drop-down menu will appear.

3. Select the desired font. A live preview of the new font will appear
as you hover the mouse over
different options.
4. The text will change to the selected font.
TIP: When creating a workbook in the
workplace, you'll want to select a font that is easy
to read.
Along with Calibri, standard reading fonts include
Cambria, Times New Roman, and Arial.
 To change the font size

1.Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the Font Size command on the Home tab. The Font Size dropdown
menu will appear.

3. Select the desired font size. A live preview of the new font size will appear as you hover the mouse over
different options.

4. The text will change to the selected font size.

TIP: You can also use the Increase Font Size and Decrease Font Size commands or enter a custom font size
using your keyboard.
 To change the font color
1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the Font Color command

on the Home tab. The Color menu will appear.

3. Select the desired font color. A live preview of the new font
color will appear as you hover the mouse over different options

4. The text will change to the selected font color

To use the Bold, Italic, and Underline commands

• 1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the Bold (B), Italic (I), or Underline (U)
command on the Home tab. In our example,
we'll make the selected cells bold.
 To change horizontal text alignment

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Select one of the three horizontal alignment
commands on the Home tab. In our example,
we'll choose Center Align.
 To change vertical text alignment
1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.
2. Select one of the three vertical alignment
commands on the Home tab. In our example,
we'll choose Middle Align.
 To apply number formatting
1. Select the cells(s) you wish to modify.
2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the
Number Format command on the Home tab.
The Number Formatting drop-down menu will
appear.
3. Select the desired formatting option.
4. The selected cells will change to the new
formatting style.
 Wrapping text and merging cells
• Whenever you have too much cell content to be
displayed in a single cell, you may decide to wrap the
text or merge the cell rather than resizing a column.
Wrapping the text will automatically modify a cell's
row height, allowing cell contents to be displayed on
multiple lines. Merging allows you to combine a cell
with adjacent, empty cells to create one large cell.
• 1. Select the cells you wish to wrap.
• 2. Select the Wrap Text command on the Home tab.
 EXERCISE 3
1. Open the exercise 1.
2. Make a copy of this file by using the “Save as” function.
3. Save the file as “section code_ex3_your surname”.
4. Cell A1:4
1. Font- Bookman Old Style
2. Font size-14, Bold, Italics
5. Merge and Center the A1:A4
6. Highlight the B6:J75, then center the content
7. Change the font color of B6:J6 into red. Make it bold.
8. Change the D up to J column into comma style.
Modifying Columns, Rows and Cells
• By default, every row and column of a new
workbook is always set to the same height and
width. Excel allows you to modify column
width and row height in different ways,
including wrapping text and merging cells.
 To modify column width
1. Position the mouse over the column line in the column
heading so the white cross becomes a double arrow .
2. Click, hold, and drag the mouse to increase or
decrease the column width.
3. Release the mouse. The column width will be changed.

• TIP: If you see pound signs (#######) in a cell, it means

that the column is not wide enough to display the cell
content. Simply increase the column width to show the
cell content.
 To AutoFit column width
The AutoFit feature will allow you to set a column's width to
fit its content automatically.
1. Position the mouse over the column line in the column
heading so the white cross becomes a double arrow .
2. Double-click the mouse. The column width will be changed
automatically to fit the content.

•  TIP: You can also AutoFit the width for several columns at
the same time. Simply select the columns you would like to
AutoFit, then select the AutoFit Column Width command
from the Format drop-down menu on the Home tab. This
method can also be used for Row height.
Inserting, deleting, moving, and hiding rows and columns

• 1. Select the row heading below where you

want the new row to appear.
• 2. Click the Insert command on the Home tab.
• 3. The new row will appear above the selected
row.
•
 To delete rows and column
• 1. Select the row(s)/column you want to
delete.
• 2. Click the Delete command on the Home tab.
 To hide and unhide a row or column
1. Select the column(s) you wish to hide, right-
click the mouse, then select Hide from the
formatting menu.