Dr.

Jos e Prota cio Riz a l Me rcad o y Alo n z o Re a lo n d a

Doctor – complete his medical course in Spain and was conferred the
degree of Licentiate in Medicine by the Universidad Central de Madrid.
Jose – chosen by his mother who was a devotee of the Christian St.
Joseph.
Protacio – form Gervacio P which come from a Christian calendar, in
consideration of the day of his birth.
Rizal – from the word ―Ricial‖ in Spanish means a field where a wheat,
cut while still green, sprouts again.
Mercado – adopted by Domingo Lamco which Spanish term means
market.
Alonzo – old name surname of his mother.
Realonda – it was used by Doña Teodora from the surname of her
godmother based on the culture by that time.

Mylene Gado Almario

 Doctor- completed his medical course in Spain and was conferred the degree
of Licentiate in Medicine by the Universidad Central de Madrid
 Jose- was chosen by his mother who was a devotee of the Christian saint San
Jose (St. Joseph)
 Protacio- from Gervacio P. which come from a Christian calendar
 Mercado- adopted in 1731 by Domigo Lamco (the paternal great-great-
grandfather of Jose Rizal) which the Spanish term mercado means ‘market’
in English
 Rizal- from the word ‘Ricial’ in Spanish means a field where wheat, cut while
still green, sprouts again
 Alonzo- old surname of his mother
 Y- and
 Realonda- it was used by Doña Teodora from the surname of her godmother
based on the culture by that time
 June 19, 1861- moonlit of Wednesday between eleven and
midnight Jose Rizal was born in the lakeshore town of
Calamba, Laguna

 June 22, 1861- aged three days old, Rizal was baptized in the
Catholic church

 Father Rufino Collantes- a Batangueño, the parish priest who

baptized Rizal

 Father Pedro Casanas- Rizal’s godfather, native of Calamba

and close friend of the Rizal family

 Lieutenant-General Jose Lemery- the governor general of the

Philippines when Rizal was born
Rizal’s Father
 

 Don Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)

 
- Born in Biñan, Laguna on May 11, 1818.
 
- Studied Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila.
 
- Became a tenant-farmer of the Dominican-owned hacienda.
 
- A hardly and independent-minded man, who talked less and worked
more, and was strong in body and valiant in spirit.
 
- Died in Manila on January 5, 1898 at age of 80.
 
Rizal affectionately called him ―a model father‖.
Rizal’s Mother
  

Doña Teodora Alonso Realonda (1826-1911)

 
- Born in Manila on November 8, 1826.
 
- Educated at the College of Santa Rosa, a well-known college for
girls in the city.
 
- A remarkable woman, possessing refined culture, literary talent,
business ability, and the fortitude of Spartan.
 
- Is a woman of more than ordinary culture; she known literature
and speaks Spanish (according to Rizal).
 
- Died in Manila on August 16, 1911 at age of 85.
 Information about his parents
 

- Rizal always called her sisters Doña or Señora (married) and

Señorita (single).
 
- Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso Realonda married on
June 28, 1848, after which they settled down in Calamba.
 
- The real surname of the Rizal was Mercado, which was
adopted in 1713 by Domingo Lamco (paternal great-great
grandfather of Jose Rizal), who was a full blooded Chinese.

- Rizl‘s family acquired a second surname – Rizal – which was

given by a Spanish Alcalde Mayor (provincial governor) of
Laguna, who was a family friend.
  MOTHER’S SIDE

Lakandula
(The last native king of Tondo)

Eugenio Ursua
(Rizal’s maternal Benigma
Great-great Grandfather of (a Filipina)
Japanese Ancestry)

Manuel de Quintos
Regina (a Filipino from Pangasinan)

Lorenzo Alberto Alonso

Brigida (a prominent Spanish Filipino
mestizo of Biñan)

Narcisa, Teodora (Rizal’s mother), Gregorio, Manuel at Jose

The Siblings of Jose Rizal
Saturnina (1850-1913)
-Oldest of the Rizal children
-Nicknamed Neneng
-Marriedto Manuel T.
Hidalgo of Tanauan,
Batangas.
 Paciano

- Older brother and confident of Jose Rizal.

- He was the second father to Rizal.

 
- Immortalized him in Rizal‘s first novel Noli Me
Tangere as the wise Pilosopong Tasio.

- Rizal regarded him a s the ―most noble of

Filipinos‖.
- He became a combat general in
the Philippine Revolution.
- Died on April 13, 1930,an old
bachelor at age of 79, he had
two
children by his mistress (Severina
Decena) – a boy and a girl
 Narcisa (1852-1939)
 

- Petname Sisa
- She was married to Antonio Lopez (nephew of
Father Leoncio Lopez), a school teacher of Morong.
 

 Olympia (1855-1887)
 

- Petname Ypia

- She was married to Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph

operator in Manila.
 Lucia (1857-1919)

- she was married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba, who was

a nephew of Father Casanas.
 

 Maria (1859-1945)
 

- Biang was her petname

- She was married to Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan, Laguna.

 Concepcion (1862-1865)
 

- Concha was her pet-name

- She died at age of three because of sickness.

- Her death was Rizal‘s first sorrow in life.

 Josefa (1865-1945)

- Panggoy was her pet-name

- An old maid, died at age of 80.

 
 Trinidad (1868-1951)
 

- Trining was her pet-name 

- An old maid, died at age of 83.
 

 Soledad (1870-1929)
 

- Choleng was her pet-name

- She was married to Pantaleon Quintero of
Calamba
 THE RIZAL HOME

-was one of the distinguished stone houses in Calamba

during the Spanish times
-it was a two-storey building, rectangular in shape, built of
adobe stones and hard-woods and roofed with red tiles
-by day, it hummed with the noises of children at play and the
songs of the birds in the garden; by night, it echoed with the
dulcet notes of family prayers
 
· The Rizal family belonged to the principalia, a town
 aristocracy in Spanish Philippines
· The Rizal family had a simple, contented and happy life
 
 CHILDHOOD YEARS IN CALAMBA

-Calamba was named after a big native jar

-Calamba was a hacienda town which belonged to the Dominican Order,
which also owned all the lands around it

Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (In Memory of My Town)- a poem about Rizal’s

beloved town written by Rizal in 1876 when he was 15 years old and was
student in the Ateneo de Manila

· The first memory of Rizal, in his infancy, was his happy days in the family
garden when he was three years old

· Another childhood memory was the daily Angelus prayer. By nightfall,

Rizal related, his mother gathered all the children at the house to pray
the Angelus

Another memory of Rizal’s infancy was the nocturnal walk in the town,
especially when there was a moon
· The death of little Concha brought Rizal his first sorrow

· At the age of three, Rizal began to take a part in the family prayers
· When Rizal was five years old, he was able to read haltingly the
Spanish family bible
· The Story of the Moth- made the profoundest impression on Rizal

-“died a martyr to its illusions”

· At the age of five, Rizal began to make sketches with his pencil and to
mould in clay and wax objects which attracted his fancy

· Sa Aking Mga Kabata (To My Fellow Children)- Rizal’s first poem in

native language at the age of eight -reveals Rizal’s earliest nationalist
sentiment
· At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his first dramatic work which was a
Tagalog comedy
INFLUENCES ON THE HERO’S BOYHOOD
 
1.hereditary influence
2. environmental influence
3. aid of Divine Providence
 
· Tio Jose Alberto- studied for eleven years in British school in
Calcutta, India and had traveled in Europe inspired Rizal to
develop his artistic ability

· Tio Manuel- a husky and athletic man, encouraged Rizal to

develop his frail body by means of physical exercises

· Tio Gregorio- a book lover, intensified Rizal’s voracious reading

of good book

· Father Leoncio Lopez- the old and learned parish priest of

Calamba, fostered Rizal’s love for scholarship and intellectual
honesty
EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN
· The first teacher of Rizal was his mother, who was
remarkable woman of good character and fine culture —her
mother
· Maestro Celestino- Rizal’s first private tutor
· Maestro Lucas Padua- Rizal’s second tutor
· Leon Monroy- a former classmate of Rizal’s father became
Rizal’s tutor that instructed Jose in Spanish and Latin. He
died five months later
· Sunday afternoon in June, 1869- Rizal left Calamba for
Biñan accompanied by Paciano
· Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz- Rizal’s teacher in a
private school in Biñan
 -Rizal described his teacher as follows: He was thin, long-necked, with a sharp nose
and a body slightly bent forward

· Pedro- the teacher’s son which Rizal challenged to a fight

· Andres Salandanan- challenged Rizal to an arm-wrestling match

· Juancho-an old painter who was the father-in-law of the school teacher; freely
give Rizal lessons in drawing and painting

· Jose Guevara- Rizal’s classmate who also loved painting, became apprentices of
the old painter

· “the favorite painters of the class”- because of his artistic talent

· Christmas in 1870-Rizal received a letter from his sister Saturnina, informing him
of the arrival of the steamer Talim which would take him from Biñan to Calamba

· Saturday afternoon, December 17, 1870- Rizal left Biñan after one year and a
half of schooling
· Arturo Camps- a Frenchman friend of Rizal’s father who took care of him on
board
DAILY LIFE IN BIÑAN

-Heard the four o’ clock mass then at ten o’ clock

went home at once and went at school at two and
came out at five -The day was unusual when Rizal
was not laid out on a bench and given five or six
blows because of fighting
 
MARTYRDOM OF GOM-BUR-ZA
· Night of January 20, 1872- about 200 Filipino soldiers
and workmen of the Cavite arsenal under the leadership
of Lamadrid, Filipino sergeant, rose in violent mutiny
because of the abolition of their usual privileges
· Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto
Zamora- were executed at sunrise of February 17, 1872,
by order of Governor General Izquierdo
· The martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za in 1872 truly inspired
Rizal to fight the evils of Spanish tyranny and redeem his
oppressed people
· Rizal dedicated his second novel, El Filibusterismo, to
Gom-Bur-Za
INJUSTICE TO HERO’S MOTHER

· Before June, 1872- Doña Teodora was suddenly arrested on a malicious

charge that she and her brother, Jose Alberto, tried to poison the latter’s
perfidious wife

· Antonio Vivencio del Rosario- Calamba’s gobernadorcillo, help arrest

Doña Teodora

· After arresting Doña Teodora, the sadistic Spanish lieutenant forced her to
walk from Calamba to Santa Cruz (capital of Laguna province), a distance
of 50 kilometers
· Doña Teodora was incarcerated at the provincial prison, where she
languished for two years and a half

· Messrs. Francisco de Marcaida and Manuel Marzan- the most famous

lawyers of Manila that defend Doña Teodora
SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA
(1872-1877)

 Ateneo Municipal- a college under the supervision

of the Spanish Jesuits
 Escuela Pia (Charity School)- formerly name of
Ateneo, a school for poor boys in Manila which was
established by the city government in 1817
 Escuela Pia---- Ateneo Municipal--- Ateneo de
Manila

June 10, 1872- Rizal accompanied by Paciano went
to Manila
 Father Magin Ferrando- was the college registrar,
refused to admit Rizal in Ateneo for two reasons: (1)
he was late for registration (2) he was sickly and
undersized for his age
 Manuel Xerez Burgos-because of his intercession,
nephew of Father Burgos, Rizal was reluctantly
admitted at the Ateneo
 Jose was the first of his family to adopt the surname
“Rizal”. He registered under this name at Ateneo
because their family name “Mercado” had come under
the suspicion of the Spanish authorities
 Rizalwas first boarded in a house outside Intramuros,
on Caraballo Street. This was owned by a spinster
named Titay who owed the Rizal family the amount of
300 pesos