DRUG EDUCATION

&
DRUG
VICEEDUCATION
CONTROL
PRELIM&
COVERAGE

VICE CONTROL
PRELIMCOVERAGE

Prepared by:
Jovelyne J Remigio RCrim, MSCrim Units
HISTORY OF DRUGS FROM PAST TO
PRESENT
• DRUGS are substances given to human or animals for the
treatment, prevention, or diagnoses of illness.

• Drugs can relieve pain or other suffering and improve &

control abnormal conditions of the body and mind by
altering the basic bodily functions necessary for life.
PRE SPANISH ERA
• very little was known about drug abuse in the Philippines
• INTOXICANTS AND STIMULANTS – used by the early
Filipinos were fermented alcoholic beverages and the
masticatory preparation known as “ nga-nga”.
• Narcotics and Marijuana was not in the list of vices in the
country.
• Opium poppy and Coca bush was not yet in the Phil.
Vegetation prior to 1521
A. Botanical Concept Of Opium & Its Use

• Ancient Greek Physician HIPPOCRATES II, the father of

medicine prescribed the juice of white poppy plant as an
elixir for many illnesses as early as 5000 BC.
History of Drug Education in the Philippines

• The development of drug control in the Philippines was

brought about by the drug problem encountered since
Spanish era when the Spanish government imposed
control on opium. This continued during the American
regime.
• The drug problem in the country since in the early part of
1900’s encouraged the Philippine authorities to enact laws
in the country for the regulation of drug use and
productions. The first drug control law in the country
was RA no: 953 known as the “Narcotic Drug law of
1953”.
• Drug education was formally incorporated as part of
school program and curricula in the country with the
enactment of RA 6425 known as the “Dangerous Drug
act of 1972” during Marcos regime. In 1992, RA 7624
was enacted integrating drug prevention and control in the
intermediate and secondary curricula as well as the non-
formal, informal and indigenous learning systems
concerning the ill effects of drugs abuse and/or drug
addiction.
• Then in 2002, RA 9165 known as the “Comprehensive
Dangerous Drug Law of 2002” was enacted reforming
the RA 6542. This law provides the instruction on drug
abuse prevention and control shall be integrated in the
elementary, secondary and tertiary curricula of all public
and private schools.
B. General – derived from opium poppy plant
History of called “ papaver sumniferum L.
Narcotics - it was known of its medicinal
O values as early as 1500 BC by
P the Egyptians for its sleep
inducing and pain relieving
I properties.
U - 3-6ft in height
M Chinese Emperor Yung Chen
- prohibited the smoking of opium
& this was resulted to “ Opium
War.”
 – was named after
“MORPHEUS” the
M
O
Greek God of dreams.
R - is a derivative of opium
P
H introduced in 1805.
I
N - soldiers decease
E
 – another derivative of
opium
H - it was the strongest of all
E opium derivatives
R synthesized from morphine.
O - it named after the word “
I HEE” and suggest courage,
N daring and impressive
power.
 – another alkaloid of
opium derived from
C morphine.
O
D - it was widely produced
E in France and used as
I
N an ingredient in the
E preparation of cough
syrup today.
C
O -derived from the leaves of coca – bush
C - erythroxylon coca
A
- Usually in the form of powder
I
N that can be taken orally, injected
E or even sniffed.
 - Cannabis Sativa L./ indian hemp)
- Oldest cultivated plant started by the “incas of
peru”it was known as the sacred tree
M - 12-20ft (height) 8inches (lenght)
A - Pistillate and stamine
R - Resin....hashish
I - THC(tetrahydrocanabinol)-concentrated
J alkaloid which is 5-20x stronger than the mj
plant
U
- Cannabin –active ingredient or alkaloid of the
A
plant
N
A Chinese Emperor Shen Neng
– discovered in 28th century
- He recommend MJ as medicine
THE DRUG CHAIN AS MENA
 A. PRODUCTION
Activities/ Problems Control Measures

• MJ ( Phil., Africa, N/S • crop eradication

America) • income replacement
• Shabu – china, taiwan, HK • development
• Opium poppy cultivation –
• interdiction
Middle East, Asia, Mexico
• regulation/monitoring/i
• Coca bush – South America
• diversion of licit production
nspection
 B. PROCESSING
Activities/ Problems Control Measures

• secret laboratories, • search and destroy

operation
often in remote areas
• regulation/monitoring/insp
• diversion of licit
ection of the manufacture
precursor/chemicals and processing of
chemicals and refining
supplies.
 C. TRAFFICKING
Activities/ Problems Control Measures
• traficking trough: • customs operations in
• - airport/seaports air/seaports
• - hidden airstrips • border and airport security
• - private airplane
• search and seizure operations
• - Fishing and pleasure craft
• political action to revitalize
• - automobiles and trucks
judicial system
• - large comercial cargoes
• coast/maritime watch
• - geograhical transit points
• bilateral and multilateral
• - corruption/ intimidation of
interdiction agreements
• judicial system
 D. FINANCING
Activities/ Problems Control Measures

• money laundering • anti – money laundering

law
• bank secrecy law
• improve banking
prohibiting investments regulations and
of depositors supervisory practices
• movement of profits into • multi – national treaties
the world market • international clearing
• barter arangement house of info on
Narcotics trafficking
• mutual legal assistanc
treaties
 E. RETAILING
Activities/ Problems Control Measures

• pushing/peddling • buy – bust operations

• livelihood projects
• recruitment of young
• job assistance and
dealers
alternative activities
• street crime; turf war
• street level law enforcement
• neighborhood deterioration
• neighborhood watch program
• intimidation of law • community police-
abiding citizen cooperation
 F. CONSUMPTION
Activities/ Problems Control Measures

• addicts/experimenters • comprehensive demand

reduction through:
• rise and demand in
- treatment of
areas of high production aftercare
• changing consumption - intervention
patterns - primary
• initiation of non-users prevention
What Is Drug Trafficking?
• Drug trafficking is selling, transporting or importing
illegal drugs. Another name for this crime is drug
distribution.
• A federal crime (the laws are decided by Congress and
apply to the entire nation)
• A felony crime (require very serious penalties or prison
time)
• Smuggling across national boarders
• Method or way on how drugs are being traded in the
upper world market
Drug distribution or trafficking laws
• are determined by federal laws. (sec20 of RA 9165)
• They penalize the selling, transportation, and illegal import
of unlawful controlled substances, such as marijuana,
cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, and other illegal
drugs.
• The punishment for drug trafficking can vary widely
depending on several factors including the type and
quantity of drugs involved, geographic area of distribution,
and whether children were targeted.
• Sentences for drug distribution and trafficking can
generally range from 3-5 years to life in prison but can be
substantially higher when larger quantities are involved.
Drug distribution or trafficking
• is a felony and is a more serious crime than drug
possession. If you're found in possession of drugs, you
could be charged with trafficking if police believe you
intended to sell them. (If you're found with a large quantity
of drugs or cash at the time of your arrest, it is likely you'll
be facing drug distribution charges.)
• also applies to the illegal distribution of prescription drugs,
such as pain killers or sleeping pills.
• The illegal distribution of prescription drugs often involves
hydrocodone products and pharmaceutical opiates.
Trafficking Charges
• If a person is caught trafficking a controlled substance
across state lines, federal law will apply, but if the drug
trafficking is entirely within one state, that state's laws will
apply.
 25

FIRST DRUG TRAFFIC ROUTE

• Plantation • preparation

Middle
Turkey
East

United
Europe
States
• Selling, barter,
• production
marketing in the upper
world
SECOND MAJOR DRUG TRAFFIC ROUTE
ng
le Golden Crescent
Iran
a
Tri

Myanmar
Afghanistan
en
ld

Laos Pakistan
Go

India
Thailand
IN SOUTHEAST ASIA- the golden triangle
approximately produced 60% of opium in the world.
90% of opium in the eastern part of Asia. It is also
officially acknowledge source of Southeast Asian
heroin. A heroin is produced in the golden triangle and
process through nearby countries in relatively in small
quantities through air transport while in US and
Europe by means of transit.
IN SOUTHWEST ASIA- the golden crescent is the
major supplier of opium poppy, marijuana and
heroin products in the western part of Asia.it produced
at least 85 to90 percent of all illicit heroin channeled in
the drug underworld market.
 WORLDWIDE PERSPECTIVE OF
GLOBAL DRUG SCENE
• MIDDLE EAST- the Becka Valley of Lebanon is
considered to be the biggest producer of cannabis sativa
lima in the middle east. Lebanon is also became the
transit country of cocaine from south America to Europe
illicit drug markets.
• SPAIN- is known as the major transshipment point of
international drug traffickers in Europe and became the
paradise of drug user in Europe.
• SOUTH AMERICA- Columbia, Peru, Uruguay, and
Panama are the principle source of cocaine supply in the
world due to the robust production of the coca plants.
• MEXICO- is known in the world to be the number one
producer of Cannabis Sativa lima.
• PHILIPPINES- second to Mexico as to the production of
marijuana. It also became the major transshipment point
for the worldwide distribution of illegal drugs particularly
shabu and cocaine from Taiwan and South America.it is
also noted that the said country today is known as the
“drug paradise” for drug abuser in Asia.
• INDIA- is the center of the world’s drug map leading to the
rapid addiction among its people.
• INDONESIA- Northern Sumatra has traditionally been the
main cannabis growing area in Indonesia. Bali Indonesia is an
important transit for drugs route to Australia and New
Zealand.
• SINGAPORE, MALAYSIA & THAILAND- is the most
favorable sites of drug distribution from the golden triangle
and other parts of Asia.
• CHINA-the transit route for heroin from the golden triangle to
Hong Kong. It is also the country where the “epedra” plant is
cultivated source of the drug ephedrine the principal chemical
for producing the drug shabu.
• HONGKONG- the world’s transshipment point of all forms of
heroin.
• JAPAN- became the major consumer of cocaine and shabu
from US and Europe.