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General Embryology

Embryology is the study of the development of an organism from fertilization to birth. It includes gametogenesis, the formation of eggs and sperm; fertilization, the union of sperm and egg to form a zygote; and the prenatal and embryonic periods of development. The prenatal period lasts 38 weeks from conception to birth. The embryonic period is the first 8 weeks when all major organs are formed. Fertilization occurs when the sperm fuses with the egg in the fallopian tube. The zygote then undergoes cell division to form a morula and blastocyst, which implants in the uterus.

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66 views19 pages

General Embryology

Embryology is the study of the development of an organism from fertilization to birth. It includes gametogenesis, the formation of eggs and sperm; fertilization, the union of sperm and egg to form a zygote; and the prenatal and embryonic periods of development. The prenatal period lasts 38 weeks from conception to birth. The embryonic period is the first 8 weeks when all major organs are formed. Fertilization occurs when the sperm fuses with the egg in the fallopian tube. The zygote then undergoes cell division to form a morula and blastocyst, which implants in the uterus.

Uploaded by

Cabdiladif Ahmed Mcrf
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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General

Embryology
Dr.Nawaal
: Embryology
Definition: the study of the origin and development
of an organism
its earliest stage of development, from the time of 
,fertilization until birth
:Gametogenesis
is the formation of mature male and female gametes
from
.immature ones inside the gonads
:Fertilization
Is the union of mature male gamete (sperm) and
.female gamete (ovum) to produce a zygote
:Prenatal period
before birth38 weeks from conception to birth
(average) “fetal” age
:Embryonic” period“
first 8 weeks All major organs formed
:Fetal” period“
remaining 30 weeks Organs grow larger and become
more complex
:Gametogenesis
The germ cell contains 46 chromosomes which are
:divided into 2 groups
chromosomes : transmit general characters eg. 44)1
Length
tow sex chromosomes :which transmit (X+Y), )2
.(X+X)
.Cell Division in Germ cell
Mitosis:
The germ cell divides into 2 cell, each cell contains
.44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
Meiosis:
The germ cell divides into 2 cell contains
chromosomes 23
.autosomes and one sex chromosomes 22
:Oogenesis
.It is maturation of female germ cell in the ovary
It start during fetal life and continues after puberty
and after fertilization
:Oogenesis
.Stage of proliferation )1
Stage of growth )2
Stage of maturation )3
:Spermatogenesis
.It occurs in the testis after puberty
.Stage of proliferation )1
Stage of growth )2
.Stage of maturation )3
.Stage of transformation)4
Fertilization
Fertilization occurs in the
ampulla of the uterine tube
million sperm cells enter 200
the vaginal canal
Only about 10,000 make it to
the uterine tubes
Less than 100 actually
contact the egg
Only one will fertilize the
egg
the secondary oocyte surrounded by the corona
radiata, which protects the egg
sperm cells release Acrosomal enzymes to effort to
. decompose the corona radiata
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Fertilization.ppt
The tail of the sperm remains outside as
the head travels through the egg
.cytoplasm to the nucleus
Fertilisation occurs when the sperm
nucleus fuses with the ovume nucleus
to form a zygote
Morula & blastocyst
Implantation
days after fertilization 6-7
:Trophoblast
forms placenta
:”Inner cell mass“
forms embryo
18 April 2013 15

Fertilization.ppt
..………… Thank you

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