DONNI
DONNI
DISCOURSE
TEXT VS. DISCOURSE
TEXT DISCOURSE
A written form of communication A spoken, written, visual or audial form,
information, which is non-interactive communicating information that is
nature. interactive in nature.
Agent is not crucial. Agent is crucial.
Grammatical cohesion and structure of Agents involve in the communication, the
sentences are analyzed. social purpose and the medium utilized are
Example: press reports, street signs, analyzed.
documents, etc. Example: dialogues, conversations,
interactions in audio-visual programs, etc.
Patterns of Development in
Writing
When beginning to write, it is helpful to determine
the patterns of development that are most effective
for your purpose and audience. Some general
patterns of development are:
Cause and Effect details why something happens, what
causes it, what are the effects and how it is related to
something else.
Classification and Division groups items into their parts
or types.
Compare and Contrast tells how something is like other
things or how something is different from other things.
Definition explains what something is in comparison to
other members of its class, along with any limitations.
Description details what something looks like and its
characteristics.
Exemplification provides typical cases or examples of
something.
Narration describes what, when, and where something
happened.
Persuasion describes an issue and your position or opinion on
the subject.
Process explains how something happened, how it works or
how it is made.
Five-Paragrap
h Essay
Help students write five-
paragraph essays with a
graphic organizer. This
printable is customizable.
Tailor the PDF to your
teaching needs by typing
in the highlighted fields
before printing. Use for
standard essay types
including narrative,
descriptive, and
persuasive. This sheet can
be printed for students, or
provided electronically
for them to fill in.
Analogy Orga
nizer
Use this analogy
organizer when
teaching new concepts
to your class. Your
students will find it
easier to understand
new ideas if you
compare them to
concepts they are
already familiar with.
This printable is
customizable. Tailor the
PDF to your teaching
needs by typing in the
highlighted fields
before printing.
Steps in a Pro
cess
Use this graphic
organizer to
describe and order
the steps in a
process. This
printable is
customizable.
Tailor the PDF to
your teaching needs
by typing in the
highlighted fields
before printing.
Triple Venn Di
agram
Use this three-part
Venn diagram to
identify differences
and similarities. This
printable is
customizable. Tailor
the PDF to your
teaching needs by
typing in the
highlighted fields
before printing.
KWL Chart (
Version 3)
This simple KWL chart can
be used in all curriculum
areas and all grade levels.
The activity will keep your
students organized with
new information they learn
as well as key aspects of
the topic that they want to
learn more about. This
printable is customizable.
Tailor the PDF to your
teaching needs by typing in
the highlighted fields
before printing.
Three Paragra
ph Main
This graphic Ideawill
organizer
and Details
help your C
students identify
the main idea and
hart
supporting facts in three
paragraphs. It's excellent
for analyzing a five-
paragraph essay. This
printable is customizable.
Tailor the PDF to your
teaching needs by typing in
the highlighted fields
before printing.
Cause and Eff
ect
Students are asked to
identify cause and
effect of a story with
this graphic
organizer. This
printable is
customizable. Tailor
the PDF to your
teaching needs by
typing in the
highlighted fields
before printing.
Alphabet Org
anizer
Assign a topic and
ask students to
complete the grid
with as many words
as they can think that
fit in each square on
the topic. This
printable is
customizable. Tailor
the PDF to your
teaching needs by
typing in the
highlighted fields
before printing.
Brainstorming
Web
Use this graphic
organizer to
brainstorm. This
printable is
customizable.
Tailor the PDF to
your teaching
needs by typing in
the highlighted
fields before
printing.