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Language Functions: Taufik Nur Hidayat Bahasa Inggris Untuk Komunikasi Bisnis Dan Profesional Politeknik Negeri Jakarta

The document discusses language functions based on the categorizations of Buhler (1935), Jakobson (1960), and Newmark (1988). It describes six language functions: 1) Expressive, 2) Informative, 3) Vocative, 4) Aesthetic, 5) Phatic, and 6) Metalingual. For each function, it provides details on its orientation and common applications. It also provides exercises and ways to analyze texts using context of situation elements: field, tenor, and mode.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
438 views12 pages

Language Functions: Taufik Nur Hidayat Bahasa Inggris Untuk Komunikasi Bisnis Dan Profesional Politeknik Negeri Jakarta

The document discusses language functions based on the categorizations of Buhler (1935), Jakobson (1960), and Newmark (1988). It describes six language functions: 1) Expressive, 2) Informative, 3) Vocative, 4) Aesthetic, 5) Phatic, and 6) Metalingual. For each function, it provides details on its orientation and common applications. It also provides exercises and ways to analyze texts using context of situation elements: field, tenor, and mode.

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Language Functions

Taufik Nur Hidayat


Bahasa Inggris untuk Komunikasi
Bisnis dan Profesional
Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
Pembagian Fungsi Bahasa
 Buhler (1935); Jakobson (1960); Newmark
(1988: 39) menggolongkan fungsi bahasa
menjadi enam jenis:
1. Fungsi Ekspresif
2. Fungsi Informatif
3. Fungsi Vokatif
4. Fungsi Estetik
5. Fungsi Fatis
6. Fungsi Metalingual
Deskripsi
 1. Fungsi Ekspresif
- Writer oriented (writer’s emotion) not reader’s
respons.
- Literary works (poems, novel, drama, poetry,
etc)
 2. Fungsi Informatif
- Fact oriented (external of language)
- Report text, agumentation text, academic
paper
Ada 4 jenis teks informatif:
a.Gaya resmi (paper academic) common in
passive; present; without metaphore.
b.Gaya netral/informal (exposition text) 
commonly using personal pronoun “I”; “we”.
c.Gaya informal dan ramah (scientific text)
using certain metaphore
d.Gaya akrab, nonteknis, populer (journalistic)
using simple sentence
 3. Fungsi Vokatif
- Reader oriented
- Persuade the reader to think, act, feel, and
react (announcement, tesis proposal, etc).
 4. Fungsi Estetik
- Beauty of language-oriented (ryme in a
poetry)
- Full of metaphore
- Stimulate the five senses
 5. Fungsi Fatis
- Contact and familiarity tools between
language users.
- e.g: Have a good week-end (Selamat
berakhir pekan); Isn’t it hot today! (Aduh,
panas sekali udaranya hari ini!)
 6. Fungsi Metalingual

- The function of language it self whether to


explain, define, describe, name, or soon.
Exercise 1

Make the sentence by using these words:


1.Vivid

2.Vague

3.Outstanding

4.Current

5.Nature

6.Stand

7.Shout

8.Night
Answer and see the difference of
meaning

1. Ia menduduki posisi basah di perusahaan itu.


Bajunya basah kehujanan.
2. Mata hatinya mampu merasakan hal yang tidak
wajar; Di zaman perang, hukuman mati berlaku
bagi mata-mata.
Mata air itu berasal dari mata air Cokro, Tulung
Matanya pedih kena asap.
3. Ia adalah orang yang cepat kaki, ringan tangan
Koper sebesar itu ternyata ringan.
Ways to analyze the text
 Halliday and Hassan (1989) suggested in
using ‘context of situation’. There are three
elements:
1. Field (bidang, topik, pokok masalah, goal)
2. Tenor (suasana/setting)
3. Mode (cara)
Exercise 2
 Genetic diversity refers to the variation of
genes within species. This covers distinct
populations of the same species (such as the
thousands of traditional rice varieties in India)
or genetic variation within a population (which
is very high among Indian rhinos, for
example, and very low among cheetahs).
Until recently, measurements of genetic
diversity were applied mainly to domesticated
species and populations held in zoos or
botanic gardens, but increasingly the
techniques are being applied to wild species.
 Ragam teks di atas adalah ragam teks ilmiah,
terbukti dengan berbagai istilah khusus yang
digunakan seperti: genes, species, etc.
Field : Exploring The Biology.
Tenor : Writer-reader relationship can be seen
from passive sentence, without related the
reader (impersonal).
Mode : Technical term (population, genetic)
References
 Newmark, P. 1988. A textbook of Translation.
Prentice Hall: London.
 Halliday, M. A. K and Hassan, R. 1985.
Language context and text: aspects of
language in social semiotic perspective.
Deakin University: Victoria.

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