PLEASE STANDY BY

St. Paul University Philippines

Disaster Readiness
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

and
Risk Reduction
Topic: BASIC CONCEPT
OF DISASTER AND
St. Paul University Philippines
Topic: Basic Concept of
Disaster and Disaster Risk
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

Instructor: MS. ARCELLI

OBJECTIVES
2. Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters; and
3. Describe the effects of disasters on one’s life; and
4. Analyze disaster from the different perspectives
(physical, psychological, socio-cultural, economic,
political, and biological).
 Tell Me
Examine the pictures given below.

Something!
List down as many as you can about what you know in the blank
Phenomenon What can you say about it? What could happen?
Why is the Philippines
one of the world’s most
disaster-prone countries?
Way back in the year 1990, there was strong
earthquake in Luzon. Later in that year on June
15, 1991, Mount Pinatubo in Zambales erupted
violently. Moreover, typhoon “Ondoy”
(Ketsana) swept across Manila in the Philippines
last September 29, 2009 and recently, a
pandemic caused by novel corona virus hit the
world in 2020. These are some events that had
greatly affected the lives of many living things.
 Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is the concept
and practice of reducing disaster risks through
analysis and management of the causal factors
of disasters.
 It leads to reduced exposure to hazards,
lessening of vulnerability of people and assets,
effective management of land and the
environment and improved preparedness for
adverse events.
Terms and Concepts
Hazard:
A possible source of danger
may cause; injury, death and
harm.
A threat or harm that has the
potential to cause damage
(e.g., injury, destruction of
properties, environmental
degradation) to a community
Terms and Concepts
Disaster:
A sudden and unexpected event causing
great loss of life and resources which
exceed the community's ability to deal
with it.
A serious disruption of the functioning
of a community or a society involving
widespread human, material, economic
or environmental losses and impacts,
exceeding the ability of the community
to cope using own resources
Terms and Concepts
Risk:
The product of hazards over
which we have no control.
The possibility of suffering
harm or loss.
Vulnerability:
It is the inability to fight
a hazard or to respond
when a disaster has occurred.
Terms and Concepts
Capacity:
Ability to perform by
using
available resources to
reduce
the effects of disaster.
Terms and Concepts
Exposure – is the tendency
of losing property, people,
systems, and other elements
in the society due their
presence within the hazard
zones.
 Activity : Are you affected?
Directions: Read the list of concept/situation below. Briefly describe each situation, identify who could

Knock on Wood!
be affected in the situation and then answer the questions that follow.
 
Activity : Are you affected?
Question Knock
1: In general, how on
wouldWood!
you describe the
situations/phenomena given in the list?
Suggest a word that best describe all the given phenomena above.
 
Question 2: How would you describe a society if we presume that
they experienced 1 or 2 phenomena given above?
 
Types of Disasters
 Natural- are catastrophic events resulting from
natural causes such as volcanic eruptions, tornadoes,
earthquakes, etc., over which man has no control.
• Geological
• Hydrometeorological
• Biological
 Man-made-are war, pollution, nuclear explosions,
fires, hazardous materials, and accidents.
  Disasterscannot be managed through normal means. These
requires immediate and effective intervention of both national
government agencies (NGA’s) and non-government
organizations (NGO’s) to help meet the needs of the victims.
Disasters create demands beyond the capacity of a government.
During a disaster, the situation is usually beyond the
capabilities of local government units (LGU’s) or national
government to respond and handle.
 
Activity: Which is
Which?
Impacts of Disasters
Disasters often result from the failure to anticipate the timing and
enormity of natural hazards. Little lead time is left to take
preparedness actions such as evacuation and strengthening of
structures.
 Medical effects
 Damage to critical facilities
 Disruption of transportation
 Economic impact
 Global environmental change
 Social and political impact
 Activity: House of
Directions: Observe the diagram below, write down. the effects of hazard, and answer the questions

Disasters
that follow
 Activity: House of .

Disasters
2. Compare the effects of the hazard on the three types of
houses.  
3. Which of the types of houses is the most vulnerable to
the given disaster? Which is the
least? Justify your answer.
 Activity: .

Defenselessness
Directions: Observe the given
pictures, identify the types
whether the hazard belongs to
hydrometeorological, geological,
or man-made. Describe the
possible scenario when hazard
strikes and answer the questions
that follow
Questions:
1. What causes the possible
scenario to happen? Explain your
answer.
2. What could possibly be done to
prevent the scenario to happen
when hazard strikes?
There are natural hazards but no natural disasters.
Disaster is the impact of hazard’s result to society. It
is therefore said that the effects of disaster are the
influenced of vulnerability of community towards
the nature of hazards (the coping capacity).
The entire result of vulnerability of a society is
equated with its changing factors such as economic,
social, physical, cultural, political, and
psychological aspects where people live and create
their environments. It is therefore emphasized that
vulnerability of a society is not natural.
 Physical
Perspectives
– it describes observable objects in a
building/infrastructure which include durability of
building, fire exits availability, and absence or
presence of an important objects that would help or
harm you in any ways.
 Psychological
Perspectives
– it pertains to the mental capacity and health of an
individual to deal with disasters. Age, perception, and self-
capacity are some of the points of considerations.
 Socio-cultural
Perspectives
– it involves people’s beliefs, religion, traditions,
social status, and perceptions within a community
with respect to considering their response to
disaster.
 Economic
Perspectives
– it involves income, assets and liabilities, and
economic class of an individual or a community in
the society.
 Political
Perspectives
– it involves structure of the government, issues in
diplomacy, etc. in dealing with disasters.
 Biological
Perspectives
– it involves the role of flora (plants) and fauna
(animals) in the environment, diseases, health, etc.
Activity: A Place Like Home
Directions: Analyze the given pictures
below and answer the questions that follow.
Assume that both pictures will be
devastated by strong typhoon.
Activity: Lean on Who?
Directions: Analyze the given pictures
below and answer the questions that follow.
 3 things I learned
2 things I liked

Exit Card
1 thing I did not like
 Thank You for
Listening!
ritas Christi Urget Nos!