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Thinking Skills: Introduction To

Thinking skills involve directing one's mental processes, such as when formulating or solving problems, making decisions, or seeking understanding. They are cognitive processes used to make sense of information and experiences. Good thinking skills include logical, critical, creative, analytical, proactive, reactive, and historical thinking. Developing strong thinking skills allows one to effectively analyze problems, consider multiple perspectives, and arrive at well-reasoned solutions or conclusions. However, some obstacles like relying solely on memorization or expecting to be spoon-fed information can inhibit the development of independent and flexible thinking abilities.

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Mohamad Irfan
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69 views21 pages

Thinking Skills: Introduction To

Thinking skills involve directing one's mental processes, such as when formulating or solving problems, making decisions, or seeking understanding. They are cognitive processes used to make sense of information and experiences. Good thinking skills include logical, critical, creative, analytical, proactive, reactive, and historical thinking. Developing strong thinking skills allows one to effectively analyze problems, consider multiple perspectives, and arrive at well-reasoned solutions or conclusions. However, some obstacles like relying solely on memorization or expecting to be spoon-fed information can inhibit the development of independent and flexible thinking abilities.

Uploaded by

Mohamad Irfan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION TO

THINKING SKILLS
What is think and thinking?

Think Thinking
Involves control.
Uncontrolled
Mind’s movement
Mental activity become thinking when
Cognitive and behavior we direct them.
process
Thinking is any mental activity that helps
formulate or solve a problem, make a decision,
or fulfill a desire to understand.

It is a searching for answers, a reaching for


meaning (Ruggreio, 2012).
How about thinking skills?
Costa (1985) in Philips 1999,
gives meaning to thinking skill as a
process by the mind as the result of
receiving stimulus of the five senses.
The meaning of stimulus then were
seen in action.
Dewey (1933) in Philips
(1999)

Butterworth & Thwaites


is an effort of the mind to (2005)
examine and weight
certain information
according to specific thinking skill is a critical
thinking and can be
criteria.
argumentative
Thinking skills is
Cognitive processes in search of meaning and
understanding of something, exploration on
any possible ideas, decision making, problem
solving and doing what is right, thus in
concerns on the reflections of what has been-
values on the thinking
The complexity of mind/thinking
Understanding the mind
Thinking process
Why is thinking skills is so
important?
Obstacles in developing thinking skills
Gunung Kinabalu’ affect
Knowledge only on what has been taught. Not
showing neither abilities nor skills in search of
any new knowledge and additional skills within
subject matters
Spoon feed’ teaching-
Everything was prepared for. Not willingly to be
self independence learning. Hoping everything to
be provided by the instructor.
Thinking trap!
Model Kemahiran Berfikir

 Use of thinking skills in order to solve problem.

Positive
Analytical problem/cases Analyze Find solution and
solve
(Reactive based) (Information + techniques) Negative
CREATIVITY
‘Think Out of t
he Box’

17
Jenis-jenis pemikiran
Type/Styles of thinking
• Pemikiran logik (Logical thinking)
-to think based on knowledge, certain,proven
• Pemikiran kritikal (Critical thinking)
-think clearly,rationally,evaluates,judgments
• Pemikiran kreatif (Creative thinking)
-new perspectives
• Pemikiran analitikal (Analytical thinking)
-solve problems
• Pemikiran proaktif dan Pemikiran reaktif (Proactive thinking and Reactive
thinking )
-before problem (P), after problem (R)
• Pemikiran berlandaskan sejarah/kejadian masa lampau (Historical
thinking)
-facts about the past
• Pemikiran teknikal (Technical thinking)
-solve problem thru experience, involve learned skills
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Sambungan
Continue
 Pemikiran berhipotesis (Hypothetical thinking)
-assumption
 Pemikiran projektif (Projective thinking)
-new logics,without any influence
 Pemikiran konstruktif (Constructive thinking)
-interprete and respons
 Pemikiran berlandaskan naluri (Intuitive thinking)
-beyond mental process, no proof
 Pemikiran objektif (Objective thinking)
-facts,unbiased,unpersonal
 Pemikiran vertikal (Vertical thinking)
-selective, analytical and sequential

20
Sambungan
Continue

• Pemikiran konvergen dan divergen (Convergent and Divergent thinking)


-right or wrong,good or bad
• Pemikiran positif (Positive thinking)
-focus on bright side
• Pemikiran negatif (Negative thinking)
-focus on negativity
• Pemikiran berlandaskan emosi (Emotive thinking)
-focus on emotion

21

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