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Static Synchronous Series Compensator

1. A static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is a voltage source type series compensator that injects a controllable compensating voltage (Vpq) at an angle (Ψ) in series with the transmission line. 2. SSSC can independently generate Vpq regardless of line current, allowing control of both line reactance and resistance, while also providing power oscillation damping through real power injection. 3. SSSC uses GTO switches which have lower ratings than thyristors, requiring external overvoltage protection, and involves a coupling transformer and DC capacitor not needed for other series FACTS devices.

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Pravin Nagrale
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
135 views

Static Synchronous Series Compensator

1. A static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is a voltage source type series compensator that injects a controllable compensating voltage (Vpq) at an angle (Ψ) in series with the transmission line. 2. SSSC can independently generate Vpq regardless of line current, allowing control of both line reactance and resistance, while also providing power oscillation damping through real power injection. 3. SSSC uses GTO switches which have lower ratings than thyristors, requiring external overvoltage protection, and involves a coupling transformer and DC capacitor not needed for other series FACTS devices.

Uploaded by

Pravin Nagrale
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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sssc

STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES


COMPENSATOR
Static synchronous series compensator
Vpq

Vpq

θ
P Q
ILine

Pref

VSC Controller
Qref
Static synchronous series compensator
Vpq

Vpq

θ
P Q
ILine

Pref

VSC Controller
Qref

P injected = Vpq Cos θ * ILLine


Q injected = Vpq Sin θ * ILLine

With Vpq= 2 kV, at θ = 70 Iline = 500 A


P= 0.342 MW and Q = 0.9396 MVAR
Simple Two M/c model

Vpq VL
X/2

XL Ir
Is
Vseff

Vs Vr
Vs

Vs sending end voltage


Vpq series injected voltage
Static synchronous series compensator
Vpq

i Vq
V
Voltage &
P Q current
signal
Processor
Pref
Vq Qref
VSC PI
Σ Σ
Controller
(Xq) Power
oscillation
damping
Transient Σ
stability SSR
enhancement damping
Operating mode
• 1 pure voltage regulator
2. reactance control
3. Pure phase shift
Sssc Operating mode
• 1 pure voltage regulator
Vseff
Vpq in phase with Vs
Vpq

Vs

90
δ
Sssc Operating mode
• 2 Reactance control mode
inject Vpq in quadrature with line
current
Locus of Vs effective

Vseff Vpq
Vs

ILine
Sssc Operating mode
• 3 pure PHASE ANGLE regulator
Vpq at an angle of (90+σ/2) with Vs

Vpq  2Vs sin( / 2)


Ψ

Vs
Vpq

Vseff
Ψ=90+σ/2
σ/2 σ/2
Sssc Operating mode
3 pure PHASE ANGLE regulator
Vpq at an angle of (90+σ/2) with Vs

P Ψ
Vpq
Vs
Vseff

0 σ 90 δ π π+σ

V seff V r
P  sin(    )
X
Sssc Operating mode
3 pure PHASE ANGLE regulator
Vpq at an angle of (90+σ/2) with Vs

P
Vs Vpq

Vseff
-σ 0 90 π-σ π
δ
σ
V seff V r
P  sin(    )
X
Ex
• For the system with Vs=Vr=20 kV , X=60 ,δ=20)
find magnitude and phase angle of the voltage
to be injected in series to achieve a phase shift
of 18 degree without affecting the magnitude of
the sending end voltage
• Vpq= 2Vs sin(σ/2) =2 x 20 x sin( 18/2)
• =6.25 kV
• Ψ= 90+18/2=99o
• P compensated = 4.104 MW
Summary of characteristics and features of
SSSC
• SSSC is a voltage source type and TSSC,TCSC
and GCSC are variable impedance type series
compensator
• Essential differences in characteristics &
features
• 1.SSSC is a voltage source type compensator
injecting |Vpq| /_Ψ in series with the line.
• 1. Capable of internally generating
controllable compensating voltage over an
ideal capacitive or inductive range
independent of the magnitude of line
current.
• Vpq is independent of line current where as
the compensating of GCSC or TCSC is
proportional to line current
• 2 SSSC also provides compensartor for line
resistence by injection of real power .
– Sssc can compensate both line reactance & line
resistance– altering X/R
– TCSC ,GCSC can only provide reactive
compensation & hence no control of X/R.
• SSSC with energy storage :
– Provides more effective power oscillation
damping; quickly modulates series reactance to
increase or decrease transmitted power,
– Can absorb or inject real power in the line in
synpathy with the m/c swing.
– TCSC & GCSC can only control transmitted power
• 4. SSSC uses GTO which presently are
available with lower rating than Thyristors.
Hence external overvoltage protection is
necessary.

MOV

GTO
5
• .TSSC ,TCSC & GCSC are installed on a high
voltage platform, control and cooling system
installed on the ground with high voltage
insulation.
• SSSC requires coupling transformer rated for
0.5pu of total series var compensator & a dc
capacitor.
• Has higher losses compared to TCSC.
6
• With zero compensation current flows
through switches & thus contribute to losses
at rated current , these losses could be 0.5 %
of rated Var output for TSSC & TCSC, 0.7 to
0.9% for GCSC & SSSC

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