Scribd
Upload
6K views

Lesson Plan On Hospital Acquired Infection

The document discusses hospital acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections. It defines these as infections that patients acquire during their hospital stay that were not present on admission. The document outlines the chain of infection and discusses common sites of infection like the urinary tract, pneumonia, and bacteremia. It also discusses preventive measures like standard precautions, hand washing, isolation procedures, and the role of the hospital infection control committee in developing policies to lower infection risks.

Uploaded by

Radha Sri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6K views

Lesson Plan On Hospital Acquired Infection

The document discusses hospital acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections. It defines these as infections that patients acquire during their hospital stay that were not present on admission. The document outlines the chain of infection and discusses common sites of infection like the urinary tract, pneumonia, and bacteremia. It also discusses preventive measures like standard precautions, hand washing, isolation procedures, and the role of the hospital infection control committee in developing policies to lower infection risks.

Uploaded by

Radha Sri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Lesson Plan On Hospital Acquired Infection

S. Radha
MSc nursing first year
Govt. college of nursing
Introduction

 Nosocomial or hospital acquaired infection appear in a


patient under medical care in the hospital or other health care
facility which was absent at the time of admission. These
infections can occur during health care delivery for other
diseases and even after the discharge of the patients.
Definition

Hospital-acquired infections, also called “nosocomial


infections”
", are infections acquired during hospital care which are not
present or incubating at admission. infections occurring more
than 48 hours after admission are usually considered nosocomial.
source
 Patients
Contiguous skin, nasal carriage, aerosols, droplets, remote
undetected infections
 Health Care Providers
  Hands , Clothing , skin
 Environment:
  Hospital dust, linen, bed clothes , furniture. sinks, basins, door
handles and even the air.
Chain of infection

 Six links make up the chain of infection. The


etiological agent, or microorganism; the place where the
organism naturally resides[reservoir]; a portal of exit from the
reservoir; a method [mode] of transmission; a portal of entry
into a host; and the susceptibility of the host.
 Etiological agent
 Reservoir
 Portal of exit
 Method of transmission portal of entry to the susceptible host
 Susceptible host.
 Recipients:
 1. All patients in hospitals are potential recipients.
 2. Those who are severely ill and those under corticosteroid
therapy are more susceptible.
 3. Cross infection is greater in intensive care units, urological
and geriatric wards and in special baby care units.
 Factors influencing infection:
 Age – neonate and elderly
 Infected patients -community acquired
 non hospital infection
 close contacts
 Immune status
 Susceptible patients - Diabetes, Immunosuppression,
 Patients in special care units
 Major invasive procedure-diagnostic/ therapeutic carried out- lack of
sepsis
 Surgical procedure – iatrogenic infection
Infections by Site
 Urinary Tract Infections
 Pneumonia
 Nosocomial pneumonia- Prevention 
 Identify patients at high risk
 Deep breathing and coughing exercises
 Percussion and postural drainage
 Early post operative mobilization
 Clearing airways at least 6 times a day
 Decontamination of respiratory equipment
 General measures.
 Bacteremia
  Risk factor:
a) IV catheter
b ) Other drainage systems
 Endotracheal tubes
 Urinary drainage catheter
 Surgical drainage
Preventive measures

 Isolation
 Hospital staff
 Hand-washing
 Dust control
 Disinfection
 Control of droplet infection
 Nursing techniques
 Administrative measures
 Hospital infection control committee:
 Aims
 To lower the risk of infection by
  Development of an effective surveillance system
  Development of policies and procedures
  Maintenance of continuous education program
 Standard Precautions
 Considerations for protective clothing include
 Gown: should be of washable material, buttoned or tied at
the back and protected, if necessary, by a plastic apron
 Gloves: inexpensive plastic gloves are available and usually
sufficient
 Mask: surgical masks made of cloth or paper may be used
to protect from splashes.
 Standard precautions for patients:
 1. Wash hands promptly after contact with infective material.
 2. Use no touch technique wherever possible.
 3. Wear gloves when in contact with blood, body fluids,
secretions, excretions, mucous membranes and contaminated
items.
 4. Wash hands immediately after removing gloves.
 All sharps should be handled with extreme care
5. Clean up spills of infective material promptly.
6. Ensure that patient-care equipment, supplies and linen
contaminated with infective material is either discarded, or
disinfected or sterilized between each patient use.
7. Ensure appropriate waste handling.
8. If no washing machine is available for linen soiled with
infective material the linen can be boiled.
 Immunizations for Medical staff: 
 Recommended
 Hepatitis A and B
 Yearly influenza
 Measles, Mumps, Rubella
 Diphtheria
 Immunization against varicella may be considered in
specific cases.
Thank you

You might also like