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Taenia Solium: Aritra Ghosh Roll No. 565

1. Taenia solium, also known as the pork tapeworm, is a parasitic worm that infects the small intestine of humans and the muscle and tissue of pigs. 2. The adult worm lives in the small intestine of humans where it can cause mild symptoms like abdominal discomfort. 3. The larval stage, called cysticercus cellulosae, develops in pigs and humans who consume undercooked pork containing the larvae. 4. Neurocysticercosis occurs when the larvae infect the brain and is the most common cause of adult-onset epilepsy in endemic areas.

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28 views15 pages

Taenia Solium: Aritra Ghosh Roll No. 565

1. Taenia solium, also known as the pork tapeworm, is a parasitic worm that infects the small intestine of humans and the muscle and tissue of pigs. 2. The adult worm lives in the small intestine of humans where it can cause mild symptoms like abdominal discomfort. 3. The larval stage, called cysticercus cellulosae, develops in pigs and humans who consume undercooked pork containing the larvae. 4. Neurocysticercosis occurs when the larvae infect the brain and is the most common cause of adult-onset epilepsy in endemic areas.

Uploaded by

ARITRA GHOSH
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Taenia solium

ARITRA GHOSH
Roll No. 565
INTRODUCTION

• The name Taenia is derived from the


Greek word meaning tape or band. It
was originally used to refer to most
tapeworms, but is now restricted to the
members of the Genus Taenia.
• T. solium is also worldwide in
distribution except in the countries and
communities, which proscribe pork as
taboo.
HABITAT

• The adult worms of both


T. saginata and T.
solium live in the human
small intestine,
commonly in the
jejunum.
Systematic Position
Morphology
ADULT WORM :
• The adult worm is usually 23 meters long.
• The scolex of T. solium is small and globular about 1
mm in diameter, with 4 large cuplike suckers (0.5 mm in
diameter), and a conspicuous rounded rostellum, armed
with a double row of alternating round and small dagger-
shaped hooks, 20–50 in number.
• The proglottides number less than a thousand.
• The testes are composed of 150 to 200 follicles. There is
an accessory lobe for the ovary.
EGGS :
• The egg is spherical, measuring 30–40
µm in diameter.
• It has a thin hyaline embryonic membrane
around it, which soon disappears after
release.
• In the center is a fullydeveloped embryo
(oncosphere) with 3 pairs of hooklets
(hexacanth embryo).
• The eggs of T. solium are infective to
pigs and humans too.
LARVA:
• The larval stage of Taenia is called as
cysticercus.
• Cysticercus cellulosae is the larva of T.
solium .
• Cysticercus cellulosae is the infective form of
the parasite.
• It can develop in various organs of pig as well
as in man.
• The cysticercus cellulosae or ‘bladder worm’ is
ovoid opalescent milkywhite, measuring 8–10
mm in breadth and 5 mm in length.
• It remains viable for several months.
LIFE CYCLE
• Definitive host: Man
• Intermediate host: Pig
• Infective stage: Cysticercus cellulosae (larva)
• Humans are infected by consuming inadequately cooked pork containing
cysticercus cellulosae (measly pork).
• Man harboring adult worms may autoinfect oneself either by unhygenic
personal habits or by reverse peristaltic movements of the intestine.
• The further development of the eggs is similar in man and pigs.
• The oncospheres are released in the duodenum or jejunum and penetrate
the intestinal wall.
Pathogenicity and Clinical Features

Intestinal Taeniasis
• The adult worm, inspite of its large size, causes surpri singly little
inconvenience to the patient.
• When the infection is symptomatic, vague abdominal discomformt,
indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, and weight loss.
• Occasional cases of acute intestinal obstruction, acute appendicitis, and
pancreatitis have also been reported.
Cysticercosis
• Any organ or tissue may be involved, the most common being
subcutaneous tissues and muscles. It may also affect the eyes, brain,
and less often the heart, liver, lungs, abdominal cavity, and spinal cord.
• The cysticercus is surrounded by a fibrous capsule except in the eye
and ventricles of the brain.
• Muscular cysticerosis may cause acute myositis.
Neurocysticerosis
cysticercosis of brain
NEUROCYSTICEROSIS
• most common and most serious form of cysticercosis.
• About 70% of adultonset epilepsy is due to neurocysticercosis.
• increased intracranial tension, hydrocephalus, psychiatric disturbances,
meningo encephalitis, transient paresis, behavioral disorders aphasia, and
visual disturbances.
• ocular cysticercosis, cysts are found in vitreous humor, subretinal space and
conjunctiva. The condition may present as blurred vision or loss of vision,
iritis, uveitis, and palpebral conjunctivitis.
• Intestinal Taeniasis
Treatment
Single dose of praziquantel (10–20 mg/kg) is the
drug of choice.
• For symptomatic cerebral cysticercosis,
praziquantel in a dose of 50 mg/kg in 3 divided
doses for 20–30 days and albendazole in a dose of
400 mg twice daily for 30 days may be
administered.
• In addition, antiepileptic drugs should be given
until the reaction of the brain has subsided.
References

• Paniker’s Textbook of Medical Parasitology.


• Biology of the invertebrates, J A Pechenik.

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