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Chicken Pox

Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus. It causes a rash of small, itchy blisters all over the body. The virus can cause two distinct conditions - chickenpox during initial infection and shingles during reactivation. Symptoms include fever, fatigue, and the characteristic rash. It is diagnosed clinically based on symptoms and signs. Treatment involves antiviral drugs like acyclovir to reduce symptoms and complications in at-risk groups. Vaccination provides protection against chickenpox and shingles.

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Lakshmiprabha Kalyanaraman
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226 views

Chicken Pox

Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus. It causes a rash of small, itchy blisters all over the body. The virus can cause two distinct conditions - chickenpox during initial infection and shingles during reactivation. Symptoms include fever, fatigue, and the characteristic rash. It is diagnosed clinically based on symptoms and signs. Treatment involves antiviral drugs like acyclovir to reduce symptoms and complications in at-risk groups. Vaccination provides protection against chickenpox and shingles.

Uploaded by

Lakshmiprabha Kalyanaraman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHICKENPO

X
INTRODUCTIO
N
 WHAT IS CHICKENPOX?
 CHICKENPOX IS CAUSED BY A VIRUS
CALLED VARICELLA ZOSTER.
 PEOPLE WHO GET THE VIRUS OFTEN DEVELOP A
RASH OF SPOT THAT LOOKS LIKE BLISTER ALL
OVER THEIR BODIES.
 THE BLISTERSARE SMALL AND SIT ON A AREA OF
RED SKIN THAT CAN BE ANYWHERE AND THEY
ARE OF VARYING SIZE
 CHICKENPOX ALSO KNOWN AS
VARICELLA
 DNA VIRUS
 MOST COMMON IN WINTER AND
SPRING
VARICELLA ZOSTER
VIRUS
 VZV also known as human herpesvirus 3 (HHV3) belongs
to the herpesvirus family.
 The envelope is interspersed by spikes made up of
viral glycoproteins.
 The VZV genome is double stranded DNA coiled upon
a protein axis.
SYMPTOM
S
 LOSS OF APETITE
 COLD
 FEVER
 ABDOMINAL PAIN
 HEADACHE
 GENERAL FEELING OF lLLNESS
 RASH
 FATIGUE
 SORE THROAT
 FEVER MAY BE HIGH FOR FIRST FEW
DAYS
DIAGNOSI
S

BY SIGNS & LAB


DIAGNOSI
SYMPTOM S
S
LAB
DIAGNOSIS
 LAB DIAGNOS IS USUALLY NOT REQUIRED
BUT IF REQUIRED THERE ARE SOME
TESTS.
 MOST FREQUENT SOURCE OF ISOLATION
IS VESICULAR FLUID.
 STAINED SMEARS FROM
VESICULAR SCARPINGS.
 SEROLOGY TESTS FOR
VARICELLA
IgM ANTIBODY.
 ELISA TEST IS ALSO USEFUL.
ETIOLOG
Y VIRUS CAN CAUSE
 VARICELLA ZOSTER
TWO DISTINCT LESIONS
 CHICKENPOX – PRIMARY LESION
 HERPES ZOSTER – REACTIVATED LESION
 INCUBATION PERIOD IS 2 WEEKS
 MOST CONTAGIOUS
 UBIQUITOUS
 LESS SEVERE THAN SMALL POX
 YOUNG CHILDREN GENERALLY HAVE EITHER
NO OR A VERY MILD EFFECT
PATHOGENESIS
 DAY 0-3 - INFECTION OF CONJUCTIVAE
AND MUCOSA OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY
TRACT.
 VIRAL REPLICATION IN REGIONAL LYMPH
NODES
 DAY 4-6 - PRIMARY VIREMIA,VIRAL
INFECTION IN LIVER,SPLEEN AND OTHER
ORGANS
 DAY 10-12 - SECONDARY VIREMIA
 DAY 14 - INFECTION OF SKIN AND
APPERANCE OF VESICULAR RASH

EXCORIATI
ON
1ST
EXPOSURE
 BODY FIRST EXPOSED CREATES ANTIBODIES
 IgM
 IgG
 IgA
 B & T MEMORY CELLS ARE ALSO CREATED
 IF THE VIRUS IS IN THE BODY AGAIN
THE MEMORY CELLS WILL DETECT IT.
 THIS WILL HELP A FASTER RESPONSE.
 IF THERE IS A 2ND EXPOSURE,MEMORY CELLS
WILL STIMULATE TO CREATE ANTIBODIES.
TRANSMISSIO
N
 ACQUIRED BY INHALING VIRUS CONTANING
PARTICLES,TRAPPED IN TINY DROPLETS
RELEASED INTO THE AIR FROM THE NOSE
OR THROAT OF AN INFECTED PERSON .
 THE VIRUS ENTERS THE BODY BY
INFECTING CELLS IN THE RESPIRATORY
TRACT.
 IT SPREADS TO MANY OTHER PARTS OF THE
BODY,INCLUDING THE SKIN,WHERE IT
CAUSES THE CHARACTERISTIC RASH.
 A PERSON WITCH CHICKENPOX IS
CONTAGIOUS 1-2 DAYS BEFORE THE RASH
APPERS AND UNTILL ALL BLISTER HAVE
FORMED SCABS.
 IT MAKES FROM 10-21 DAYS AFTER AN
INFECTED PERSON FOR SOMEONE TO
DEVELOP CHICKENPOX.
STAGES OF
CHICKENPOX
INCUBATION PERIOD USUALLY(14-17 DAYS)

PRODOME(1-3 DAYS)

VESICLES

PUSTULES

SCABS

RECOVERY TYPICALLY 7 DAYS AFTER


RASH APPEARS
ORAL
MANIFESTATION
 SMALL BLISTER LIKE LESIONS OCCASIONALLY
INVOLVE THE ORAL SIDE MUCOSA CHIEFLY THE
BUCCAL MUCOSA,TONGUE,GUMS AND PALATE
AS WELL AS THE MUCOSA OF THE PHARYNX.
 THE MUCOSAL LESIONS,INITALLY SLIGHTLY
RAISED VESICLES WITH A SURROUNDING
ERYTHEMA,RUPTURE SOON AFTER FORMATION
AND FORM SMALL ERODED ULCERS WITH A
RED MARGIN.
THESE LESIONS ARE NOT PARTICULARLY
PAINFUL
COMPLICATION
 BACTERIAL INFECTION OF LESIONS
 PNEUMONIA
 HOSPITALIZATION: 3 PER 1000 CASES
 DEATH: 1 PER 60000 CASES
 CNS INVOLVEMENT LEADS TO
ENCEPHALITIS,TRANSVERSE MYELITIS,
REYE’S SYNDROME
 MYOCARDITIS,NEPHRITIS,ARTHRITIS
INCREASED RISK OF
COMPLICATION
 NORMAL ADULTS

 IMMUNO COMPROMISED
PERSON

 PREGNANT WOMEN
CHICKENPOX DURING PREGNENCY MAY
RESULT:
 CONGENTIAL VARICELLA
SYNDROME
 SEVERE VARICELLA SYNDROME
 RISK OF NEONATAL DEATH
TREATMEN
T
 DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF CHICKENPOX
ARE ANTIVIRALDRUGS ,ANTIHISTAMINES &
ANTIPYRETICS.
 COMMOLNLY USED DRUG IS ACYCLOVIRAVAILABLE AS
ZOVIRAX IN THE MARKET, FAMICLOVIR AVIALABLE AS
FAMVIR & FOSCARNETAVAILABLE AS FOSCOVIR.
 ANTIVIRAL MEDICINES CAN BE TAKEN ORALLY
INTRAVENOUSLY OR APPLIED ON THE SKIN.
 THESE ARE PRESCRIBED TO PEOPLE WITH LONG
TERM ILLNESS.
 IMPAIRED IMMUNE SYSTEM & PREGNANT WOMEN.
 ALSO OTHER DRUGS ARE GIVEN TO REDUCE FEVER,
COLD, ITCHING, IRRITATIONOF THE RASH , SORE THROAT
etc.
PREVENTIO
N
 CHICKEN POXOR VARICELLA VACCINE PROTECT 70% TO 90%
OF THOSE PEOPLE WHO ARE VACCINATED.
 VARICEELA VACCINE CONTAINS LIVE VIRUS AND SO IS NOT
RECCOMENDED TO CHILDREN HAVING COMPROMISED
IMMUNE SYSTEM OR SEVRE ILLNESS.
 THE VACCINE SHOULD NOT BE GIVEN TO CHILDREN WHO
ARE
ALLERGIC TO NEOMYCIN OR GELATIN.
 THIS VACCINE IS GIVEN TO ADULTS WHICH ALSO
PREVENTS SHINGLES.
 SIDE EFECT OF VACCINE IS REDNESS OR SORENESS AT THE
SITE OF INJECTION.
Treating Chicken Pox with Folk
Medicine

aloe garli valeria lemon


vera c n

ginge echinace
calendula
r a
Treating Chicken Pox with
Scientific Medicine

Calamine
Tylen Clariti
Lotion
ol n

Zyrte
Benadryl
c
THANK YOU

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