LESSON 10 – Teacher Mia

CONTENT
01 Writing Task 1

02 Speaking

03 HW checking
Writing Task 1 01
Trend Graph
 Task 1: Biểu đồ

Các dạng bài:

- Biểu đồ xu hướng (graph with trends)
- Biểu đồ so sánh (comparative graphs)
- Chu trình (process)
- Bản đồ (map)
Bản đồ xu hướng
(trend graph)
Bản đồ so sánh
Chu trình
Bản đồ
 Yêu cầu của bài Task 1
- Số lượng từ: tối thiểu 150 từ → nên viết khoảng 170 - 180 từ.
- Cấu trúc: 3 đoạn
- Đoạn 1: Giới thiệu về biểu đồ, viết lại đề bài bằng từ của mình
(paraphrase). (1 câu) + Nhận xét chung về biểu đồ: những
đặc điểm chính, thay đổi chính. (2 câu)
- Đoạn 2, 3 : chi tiết
I. TỔNG QUAN
• In general
• In common
• Overall
• It is obvious from the chart,
• As is observed 
• As a general trend
• As can be seen
• As an overall trend
• As is presented
• It can be clearly seen that
• At the first glance, it is clear
• At the onset, it is clear that
• A glance at the graphs reveals that…
• What stands out from the chart is that

Ví dụ:
• As is observed, the figures for imprisonment in the five mentioned countries show no overall pattern, rather shows the
considerable fluctuations from country to country
• Generally speaking, citizens in the USA had a far better living standard than that of remaining countries. 
• As can be seen, the highest number of passengers used the London Underground station at 8:00 in the morning and at 6:00
in the evening.
• At a first glance, it is clear that more percentages of native university pupils violated regulations and rules than the foreign
students did during this period.
• Overall, the leisure hours enjoyed by males, regardless of their employment status, was much higher than that of women.
2. NỘI DUNG CHÍNH
Với câu mở đầu của phần thân bài, các từ vựng sau có thể sử dụng:
• As is presented in the diagram(s)/ graph(s)/ pie chart(s)/ table…
• As (is) shown in the illustration…
• As can be seen in the…
• As the diagrams suggest…
• According to the…
• The table data clearly shows that…
• It is apparently seen that…
• It is explicitly observed that…
• It is obvious…
• It is clear from the data…
• It is worth noticing that…
• It can be clearly observed that…
• It could be plainly seen that…
• It could be noticed that…
 2.1. Từ vựng mô tả xu hướng: Các danh từ, động từ thường dùng:
  hướng Dạng động từ
Xu Dạng danh từ
Tăng – rise / increase / go up / uplift / rocket(ed) / climb / a rise / an increase / an upward trend / a
Increase  upsurge / soar/ shot up/ improve/ jump/ leap/ move growth / a leap / a jump / an improvement/ a
upward/ skyrocket/ soar/ surge. climb.
Giảm – fall / decrease / decline / plummet / plunge / drop / a fall / a decrease / a reduction / a downward
Decrease reduce / collapse / deteriorate/ dip / dive / go trends /a  downward tendency / a decline/ a
down / take a nosedive / slum / slide / go into free- drop / a slide / a collapse / a downfall.
fall.
Ổn định – Stay unchanged / level out / remain constant / a steadiness/ a plateau / a stability/ a static
Steadiness remain steady / plateau / remain the same / >< fluctuation
>< Fluctuate remain stable / remain static
Tăng đều – an upward trend / an upward tendency / a
ceiling trend
Giảm đều – a downward trend / a downward tendency / a
descending trend
Chững level(ed) off / remain(ed) constant / remain(ed) No change, a flat, a plateau.
lại/phẳng unchanged / remain(ed) stable / prevail(ed)
consistency / plateaued / reach(ed) a plateau /
stay(ed) uniform /immutable / level(ed) out/
stabilise/ remain(ed) the same.
•Từ vựng bổ trợ cho các danh từ, động từ biểu hiện xu thế:

Mức độ Dạng trạng từ Dạng tính từ

Rapid dramatically / rapidly / sharply dramatic / rapid / sharp / quick /

change / quickly / significantly/ hurried / speedy / swift /
hurriedly / speedily / swiftly / significant / considerable /
significantly/ considerably / substantial / noticeable.
substantially / noticeably.
Moderate – moderately / gradually / moderate / gradual /
Bình thường progressively / sequentially.   progressive /  sequential.
change
Steady – Nhẹ steadily/ ceaselessly steady/ ceaseless.
change

Slight –Siêu slightly / slowly / mildly / slight / slow / mild / tedious.

nhẹ change tediously.
•Từ vựng mô tả mức độ của sự thay đổi:

Mức độ Tính từ Trạng từ

Great change / Huge difference Overwhelming Overwhelmingly
Substantial                          Substantially
Enormous                           Enormously

Big change / Big difference Significant                           Significantly

Considerable                      Considerably

Medium change / Moderate difference: Somewhat                            Somewhat

Moderate                              Moderately

Minor change / Small difference Fractional Fractionally

Marginal                              Marginally
Slight Slightly
Stability
2.2. Từ vựng mô tả tỷ lệ
Đặc biệt trong các dạng biểu đồ miêu tả phần trăm, chúng ta thường dùng các từ: to illustrate, to
demonstrate, to represent, to comprise of, to account for, marginally.
• Phần trăm:
• 25-percent decrease
• Dropped/ increased by 10 per cent
•  reached to 75%
• 5 times higher
• stood exactly at 43% ~ approximately
• Tripled, doubled…
• Phân số
• 4% = A tiny fraction.
• 24% = Almost a quarter.
• 25% Exactly a quarter.
• 26% = Roughly one quarter.
• 32% Nearly one-third, nearly a third.
• 49% = Around a half, just under a half.
• 50% Exactly a half.
• 51% = Just over a half.
• 73% = Nearly three quarters.
• 77% = Approximately three quarters, more than three-quarters.
• 79% = Well over three quarters.
• Tỷ trọng
• 2% = A tiny portion, a very small proportion.
• 4% = An insignificant minority, an insignificant proportion.
• 16% = A small minosmall portion.
• 70% = A large proportion.
• rity, a 72% = A significant majority, A significant proportion.89% = A very large proportion. 
• 89% = A very large proportion.
• Từ đồng nghĩa với xấp xỉ
• Approximately
• Nearly
• Roughly
• Almost
• About
• Around
• More or less
• Just over
• Just under
• Just around
• Just about
• Just below
• A little more than
• A little less than.
• Ngoài ra, thêm một số cụm từ nên dùng khi gặp các dạng bài này:
• Proportions/ The proportion of
• Percentages/ The percentage of
• A large number of people 
2.3. Từ vựng so sánh, tương phản
Có thể mở đầu các câu so sánh bằng những từ vựng này:
• Similarly, In a similar fashion, In the same way, Same as, As much as,
Meanwhile.
• However, On the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast. 
Các cấu trúc ngữ pháp nổi tiếng của dạng so sánh hơn, so sánh nhất sẽ đi kèm
các tính từ.
• Các tính từ ngắn (dưới 2 âm tiết) sẽ có dạng: adj-er (so sánh hơn) / adj-est (so
sánh nhất)
• Các tính từ dài (trên 2 âm tiết) sẽ có dạng: more adj (so sánh hơn) / the most adj
(so sánh nhất)
Để so sánh giữa các đối tượng, các từ vựng chỉ mức độ sau thường được dùng:
• Ít hơn: less than, not much as…
• Nhiều hơn: more than, a bigger amount of… than…
• Ngang bằng: equal to…
2.4. Từ nối
• … Identical to/ Identical with …
• … Equal to with …
• … Exactly the same …
• … The same as …
• … Precisely the same …
• … Absolutely the same …
• … just the same as …
• … Almost the same as …
• … Nearly the same as …
• … Practically the same as …
• … Almost identical/ similar …
• … About the same as …
2.5. Giới từ
Một thành phần nữa cũng rất quan trọng để diễn đạt chính xác số liệu, thời
gian, địa điểm, đó là giới từ. 
• “at” cho những điểm cụ thể, hoặc thời gian cụ thể. VD: sale started at $20; at
the moment
• “on” khi nói về thứ hoặc thứ ngày tháng đầy đủ
• On the wall
• On Monday; on July 4th, on 21st January 2015
• “in” chỉ  nơi chốn – chỉ tháng, năm, thế kỷ, thời kỳ dài
• In Vietnam, in America
• In June, in the nineties, in the 19th century, in autumn…
Hãy xem các ví dụ sau đây để thấy sự khác biệt:
• It started at…, The sale started at $20…, It peaked at…
• It reached at/to…, It reached the lowest point / hit a trough/nadir at…
• It increased to 80 from 58. It decreased from 10 to 3.
• There was a drop of six units. It dropped by 3 units.
• It declined by 15%. There was a 10% drop in the next three years.
The table illustrates the proportion of the Internet connection/ network/ access of families in
5 nations between 2001 and 2002
The (bar/pie) chart shows the amount/number/quantity of....
(line) graph compares the proportion/percentage of....
table indicates information about...
diagram Illustrates/
map provide/
demonstrat
e
gives
Overall:
→ What stands out from the
graph is that
→ There were upward trends in
the number of Internet
connections of 5 countries in both
2 years.
→ in 2001: SK: top of the list
while in 2002: US headed …
Overall:
→ What stands out from the graph is that
→ There were upward trends in the number
of Internet connections of 5 countries in
both 2 years.
→ in 2001: SK: be top of the list while in
2002: US headed the list/ hold the
first/dominant position/ rank the first place/
position
→ Looking at the table: Britain achieved the
highest percentage of change while SK: at
the bottom of the list.
Looking at details, in 2001, South Korea dominated 5 other
countries, making it significantly higher than the second
leading nation which is USA, with 122 and 93
respectively.
→ fluctuating trend
→ Week 2 Nov: reached a peak
>< Week 1 Oct: highest point
→ fluctuating trend
→ Week 2 Nov: reached a peak
>< Week 1 Oct: highest point
surge/ soar/ rocket/
reach the peak

Hit a trough
02 Speaking
Part 1 + 2
Part 1:
1. How often do you see your friends?
2. What things do you like doing together?
3. Are your friends mostly your age or different ages?
4. Do you like to go out with a big group or just few friends?
5. Between family and friend, which one is more important?
Part 1:
1. How often do you see your friends? Not very often → be
snowed under with heavy workload
2. What things do you like doing together? have many things in
common → Ex: coffee → relieve stress
3. Are your friends mostly your age or different ages? both →
diverse mixture of age groups and personality
4. Do you like to go out with a big group or just few friends?
5. Between family and friend, which one is more important? →
play an equally crucial role
PART 2: Describe a success in sport your friend made which is
important to him or her
You should say:
- What it was
- When it happened
- How easy or difficult it was to achieve
- And explain why you thought this was an important success.
PART 2: Describe a success in sport your friend made which is
important to him or her
- What it was: tournament? competitions? → Scale: national?
- When it happened: occasions? why?
- How easy or difficult it was to achieve: highly competitive tournament →
compete against? intensive training/ get serious injuries.
- And explain why you thought this was an important success.
- Gained competitive advantages when applying for a job/ getting into
Universities
- Had to make sacrifices in order to achieve his ambition. How?
→ A tough competition → mentally and physically prepare for it.
- The pride of the whole school/ family/ class.
PART 2: Describe an academic achievement your friend made
which is important to him or her
You should say:
- What it was
- When it happened
- How easy or difficult it was to achieve
- And explain why you thought this was an important success.
HW checking 03
Listening
21. B 31. planets
22. C 32. humidity
23. A 33. water
24. C 34. (electric) telegraph
25. A 35. (weather) maps
26. C 36. airports
27. A 37. dry air
28. A 38. cloud
29. B 39. balloon
30. C 40. hurricanes
THANK YOU