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Integer Operations

Students will learn how to perform operations with integers including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of positive and negative numbers. Key rules are that for addition and subtraction, numbers with the same sign are added/subtracted and keep the same sign, while different signs require subtracting and taking the sign of the larger number. For multiplication and division, the same sign yields a positive answer and different signs give a negative answer. Number lines can be used to illustrate integer addition and subtraction.

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Denmark Santos
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views

Integer Operations

Students will learn how to perform operations with integers including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of positive and negative numbers. Key rules are that for addition and subtraction, numbers with the same sign are added/subtracted and keep the same sign, while different signs require subtracting and taking the sign of the larger number. For multiplication and division, the same sign yields a positive answer and different signs give a negative answer. Number lines can be used to illustrate integer addition and subtraction.

Uploaded by

Denmark Santos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Integer Operations

Students will solve problems


using addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division
of positive and negative
integers.
Number Line
A number line can be used to show
addition.
(-4)+8
Start at negative 4 on
the number line.
Move to the right 8 spaces.
-10 -5 0 5 10

The answer is…


1 2 34 56 78
4
Number Line (cont.)
A number line can be used to show
subtraction.
(6)–8
Start at positive 6 on
the number line.
Move to the left 8 spaces.
-10 -5 0 5 10

The answer is…


87654321
-2
Addition
When adding positive and negative
numbers, first look at the sign and
determine if the signs are the same or
Example: different.
( -3 ) + ( -5 ) ( -3 ) + ( -5 )
Are these the same *** Since the signs are the
sign or different signs? same, add the numbers and
keep the same sign.
“THE SAME” -(3+5)
Both signs are
negative.
-8
Addition (cont.)
Example:
( -8 ) + ( 12 ) ( -8 ) + ( 12 )
Are the signs the same or
Which number is
different? bigger? 12
“DIFFERENT” What sign is the 12?
“POSITIVE”
*** If the signs are
different, subtract the + ( 12 – 8 )
Since our answer is
2 numbers and take the 4
positive we can
sign of the “biggest”. leave off the sign.
Addition (cont.)
Example:
( 7 ) + ( -11 ) ( 7 ) + ( -11 )
Are the signs the same or
Which number is
different? bigger? 11
“DIFFERENT” What sign is the 11?
“NEGATIVE”
If the signs are
different, subtract the - ( 11 – 7 )
Since our answer is
2 numbers and take the -4
negative we MUST
sign of the “biggest”. write the sign.
Addition (cont.)
When the numbers have different signs,
but are “the same”, what happens?
Example:
When you add
( -5 ) + ( 5 )
two opposite
Since the signs are different,
subtract the numbers. numbers, they
5–5 Since neither number
always equal
0
is bigger, the answer ZERO.
gets neither sign.
Addition Summary

Same sign – add and


keep the same sign.

Different signs –
subtract and take the
sign of the “biggest”.
Addition Guided Practice
1. ( - 8 ) + ( - 2 ) 4. ( - 9 ) + ( 9 )
-10 0

2. ( - 9 ) + ( 2 ) 5. ( 7 ) + ( - 3 )
-7 4

3. ( - 4 ) + ( 8 ) 6. ( 4 ) + ( - 8 )
4 -4
Subtraction
When you have a subtraction problem,
re-write it as an addition problem and change
the sign of the number AFTER the
Example: subtraction.
After re-writing the
( -4 ) – ( -8 ) problem, follow the
( -4 ) +… Change it to addition. rules for addition.

( -4 ) + ( 8 ) Change the sign of the 8.

+(8–4) Since the signs are different, subtract and


take the sign of the “biggest”.
4
Subtraction (cont.)
Example:
(-8)–(7)
Re-write the problem. REMEMBER: When you
change it to addition,
(-8)+(-7) change the sign of the
Since the signs are the number after the
same, add and keep subtraction sign.
the same sign.
-(8+7)
- 15
Subtraction Summary
Change subtraction to
addition and change the
sign of the number after
the subtraction.
Follow rules for addition.
Subtraction
Guided Practice
1. ( - 9 ) – ( 9 ) 3. ( - 7 ) – ( - 7 )
Re-write ( - 9 ) + ( - 9 ) (-7)+(7)
- 18 0

2. ( 14 ) – ( - 3 ) 4. ( 4 ) – ( 9 )
( 14 ) + ( 3 ) (4)+(-9)
17 -5
Multiplication & Division
The rules are the same for multiplication & division.
If the signs are the same, the answer is positive.

Example: Example:
NOTE:
(-5)•(-2) The dot • ( - 15 ) ÷ ( - 3 )
means multiply. Divide the numbers
Multiply the numbers
and make it positive. and make it positive.

10 Since the answer is 5


positive, we can
leave off the sign.
Multiplication & Division
(cont.)
If the signs are different, the answer is negative.
Example: NOTE: Parenthesis Example: ( - 18 )

( - 4 ) ( 3 ) next to parenthesis
means multiply. (3)
Multiply the NOTE: The fraction bar
numbers and make it negative. means divide.

- 12 Divide the numbers and


make it negative.
-6
Multiplication & Division
Summary
Same sign – the answer is
POSITIVE.

Different signs – the answer


is NEGATIVE.
Multiply & Divide
Guided Practice
1. ( - 64 ) ÷ ( 8 ) 4. ( 7 ) ( - 4 )
-8 -28
2. ( - 10 ) • ( 2 ) 5. ( - 3 ) ( - 3 )
- 20 9

3. ( - 20 ) 6. -9

(-2) 9
10 -1
Summary:
Addition Subtraction
Same sign – add and Change subtraction to
keep the same sign. addition and change the
sign of the number after
Different signs –
the subtraction.
subtract and take the
sign of the “biggest”. Follow rules for addition.

Multiplication and Division


Same sign – the answer is POSITIVE.
Different signs – the answer is NEGATIVE.

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