Preschool's Physical Development

The document discusses the physical development of preschool-aged children between 3-5 years old. It describes their growth in both gross motor skills like running, jumping, and balancing as well as fine motor skills including drawing, writing, and self-care activities. The role of nutrition, sleep, and caregiver involvement in promoting physical development through play, art, and physical activities is also addressed.

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Preschool's Physical Development

Uploaded by

Syvil Mae Gerotape

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PRESCHOOL’S PHYSICAL

DEVELOPMENT
Objective:
Describe preschool children’s physical growth.
Identify the different gross and fine motor skills.
Preschooler- is commonly know as the years before
formal schooling begins. It cover 3-5 years of age.
The pre-school year is very important as lays
foundation to later development.

Physical development- is focuses on the acquisition of

gross and fine motor cross skills, artistic expression,
proper nutrition and sleep.
BIG IDEA ABOUT THE PHYSICAL
DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOLS.

1. Preschoolers can express themselves artistically at a very

early age.
2. Proper nutrition and the right amount of sleep are very
important for the preschooler.
3. Preschoolers with special needs in inclusive classrooms can
thrive well with the appropriate adaptations made in the
classroom, materials and activities.
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN PHYSICAL GROWTH

At around 3 years of age preschoolers move, from the remaining baby-

like features of the toddler, toward a more slender appearance of a child.

The trunk, arms and legs become longer.

Preschoolers have more ability to be stable and balanced than the
toddler.
The preschooler moves from the unsteady stance of
toddlerhood to a more steady bearing. Some say that
the later part of the preschooler years at around five
(5) or six (6) is the best time to begin learning skills
that require balance like riding abike or skating.
By the time the child reaches three years old, teeth are
already in place.

The permanent teeth which will begin to come out by age

six are also developing. Thus, this is the best time to instill
habits of good dental hygiene.
FINE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
Refers to acquiring the ability to use the smaller muscles in the arm, hands and fingers purposefully.

Gross and Fine Motor Development

Gross Motor- are larger movements your baby make with his arms,
legs, feet, or his entire body.
Locomotor Skills- is a physical action that propels an individual
from one place to another.
Non-locomotor Skills- are fundamental body movements that do
not incorporate traveling.
Manipulative Skills- involve motor moving using an object with the
hands or feet to achieve a goal or complete task.
GROSS LOCOMOTOR NONLOCOM MANIPULATI
MOTOR SKILLS OTOR VE SKILLS
SKILLS
Running Galloping Bending Striking
Climbing Jumping Lifting Catching
up a tree
Throwing Running Stretching Bouncing
a Baseball
Dribbling Skipping Raising Throwing
a Baseball
PRESCHOOL’S ARTISTIC DEVELOPMENT
(VIKTOR LOWENFELD)

Stage of Drawing in Early Childhood

1.Scribbling Stage- the stage begins with large zig-zag lines

which later becomes circular markings and later discrete
shapes are drawn.
2.Preschematic Stage- includes early representations. Adults
maybe able to recognized the drawings. Children tend to
give the same names of their drawing several times.
3.Schematic Stage- more elaborate scenes are depicted.
Children usually draw from experience and exposure.
PRESCHOOLORES NUTRITIONAL ANDSLEEP

NUTRITION
Preschoolers’ nutrition has a far-reaching effect on their physical growth and development.

Having too much or too little nutrition both have negative effects.
Thus, proper nutrition must be given to the preschoolers and
good nutritional habits must be advocated and implemented to
them to address malnutrition to children, especially to
preschoolers.
SLEEP
Sufficient amount of sleep and rest is important for preschoolers.
Preschoolers benefit from about 10-12 hours of sleep each day.
Benefits of sleep to Preschoolers:
1. Biological processes that affect physical and cognitive
development take place while the preschoolers are
asleep.
2. It is during their sleep, especially in the dream state),
when growth hormones are released.
3. Blood supply to the muscle are likewise increased,
helping the preschoolers regain energy.

4. Also, during dream state, brain activity is increased.

A QUICK LOOK AT WHAT PRESCHOOLORES CAN: (PHYSICAL
SKILLS)

Gross Motor: 36-48 Months

Hops 1 to 3 steps on preferred foot
Skips ( with alternating feet)
Jumps and Turns
Stands on one leg without falling for at least 5
seconds
Throws a ball overhead with control of direction
 Throws a ball overhead with control of speed
Kicks a ball with control of speed.
Fine-motor Skills:
(36-48 Months)
 Consistently turns pages of a picture or story book one at a time, looking at
pictures with interest.
 Purposefully copies diagonal lines
 Purposefully bisects a cross

(46-60) Months
 Copies a simple pattern of different basic shapes
 Draws a human figure ( head, eyes, mouth, trunk, arms, legs, etc.)
 Colors with strokes staying within the lines
Personal Care and Hygiene (Self-Help skills)

36-48 Months
Pours from pitcher without spillage
Feeds self using spoon without spillage
Dresses without assistance except for buttons
and tying laces
Puts on socks independently
49-60 Months

Feeds self using fingers without spillage

Prepare own foods
Dresses without assistance, including buttoning and
lying
Wipes/cleans him/herself after a bowel movement
Brushes teeth after meals without having to be told
Washes and dries face independently without having
to be told
 Takes a bath independently without having to be told
The Role of Caregivers in the Growth and
Development of Pre-schooler

For all pre-schoolers:

a. Engage preschool children in simple games that involves running and
walking.
b. Provide them with toys for catching and throwing such as soft large balls
and bean bags.
c. Have balancing activities for preschoolers. Use low balance beams and
lines on the their Preschool Montessori Schools have blue o red lines on
their preschool classroom floors.
a. Allow opportunities for rough and tumble play like in a
grassy area or soft mats. Keen observation and monitoring
is, of course expected to keep them safe from injury.
b. Ensure that preschoolers get enough rest and sleep.
c. Model good eating habits to preschoolers. Encourage more
fruits, vegetables, waters, and fresh juices rather processed
foods, sugary snacks and sodas
For Three-year-olds
g. Encourage development of hand-eye coordination by providing
large buttons or old beads to string on a shoe lace.
h. Play ball. Show children how to throw, catch, and kick balls of
different sizes.
i. Show children how to hop like a rabbit, tiptoe like a bird, waddle
like a duck, slither like a snake and run like a deer.
j. Encourage free expression in an art projects. Avoid asking
“what” children are drawing. Three-year-old may not know or
care, but simply enjoy the process of drawing.
j. Encourage free expression in an art projects. Avoid asking
“what” children are drawing. Three-year-old may not know or
care, but simply enjoy the process of drawing.

K.Provide a variety of art experience. Make play dough. Create

collages from magazine pictures, fabric, wallpaper, and newsprint.
Encourage children to experiment with new media like wire and
cork, soda straw, strin or yarn. Teach children to mix different
colors with paint.
For Four-Year-Olds
l. Encourage physical development. Play follow the leader.
Pretend to walk like various animals.
m. Set up an obstacle course indoors with challenges such as
crawling, climbing, leaping , balancing, and running across
stepping stones.
n. Encourage walking with a beanbag on the head.
For Five-Year-Olds
o. Encourage body coordination and sense of balance by playing
“Follow the Leader” with skipping, galloping, hoping. Skip or jump
rope to music, teach folk dances and games, provide a balance bean,
a free for climbing, and a knotted rope suspended from sturdy frame.
p. Teach “sack-walking” and “twist-em”, “statue”, or “freeze” games to
provide an outlet for their drive for physical activity.
q. Play games that can teach right and left directions, like “Hokey-
Pokey”, “Looby-Loo”, and “Simon Says.”
r. Help children learn to use a pair of scissors by letting the